| 单词 | 社会主义者 |
| 释义 | 〔Bebel〕German socialist leader who was a cofounder and leader of the Social Democratic Party, organized in 1869.倍尔，（费迪南德）奥古斯特：(1840-1913) 德国社会主义者领袖，是1869年组织的社会民主党的共同创建者和领袖〔guildsman〕An advocate of guild socialism.基尔特社会主义者：基尔特社会主义的提倡者〔Haywood〕American labor leader. A socialist who helped found the Industrial Workers of the World (1905), he was ejected from the Socialist Party for his militant views (1912) and was convicted of sedition during World War I. He fled to the Soviet Union in 1921.海伍德，威廉·达德利：(1869-1928) 美国劳工领袖，1905年帮助建立了世界产业工人组织的社会主义者，1912年因其好战观点而被逐出社会党，在第一次世界大战期间被判煽动罪，1921年逃往苏联〔comrade〕A comrade can be socially or politically close,a closeness that is found at the etymological heart of the wordcomrade. In Spanish the Latin wordcamara, with its Late Latin meaning "chamber, room,” was retained, and the derivativecamarada, with the sense "roommates, especially barrack mates,” was formed. Camarada then came to have the general sense "companion.” English borrowed the word from Spanish and French,Englishcomrade being first recorded in the 16th century. The political sense ofcomrade, now associated with Communism, had its origin in the late-19th-century use of the word as a title by socialists and communists in order to avoid such forms of address asmister. This usage, which originated during the French Revolution,is first recorded in English in 1884.同志在社会或政治关系上是亲密的，这种亲密的意思可以从comrade 的词源中找到。 在西班牙语中，拉丁词camara 仍保留有它的拉丁语意思“小房间，房间”， 同时出现了它的派生词camarada 意思是“室友，尤指同营房的战友”。 接着Camarada 具有了一般“同伴”的意思。 英语从西班牙语和法语中借用了这个词，英语中comrade 第一次出现是在16世纪。 comrade 的政治意义现在是与共产主义相联的， 最初在19世纪末，它是作为社会主义者或共产主义者的前称以区别于mister（先生） 一词的。 这种用法起源于法国大革命时期，第一次在英语中出现则是在1884年。〔Myrdal〕Swedish sociologist and diplomat. She shared the 1982 Nobel Peace Prize for her role in the United Nations nuclear disarmament negotiations.米达尔，阿尔瓦：(1902-1986) 瑞典社会主义者和外交家，因在联合国裁减核武器的协商中所作的贡献而获得1982年的诺贝尔和平奖〔utopianism〕The ideals or principles of a utopian; idealistic and impractical social theory.乌托邦思想及理论：空想社会主义者的理想或原则；理想但不切实际的社会主义学说〔socialist〕An advocate of socialism.社会主义者：社会主义的支持者〔Bellamy〕American writer and utopian socialist who publicized his political views through his popular novelLooking Backward (1888). 贝拉米，爱德华：(1850-1898) 美国作家和幻想社会主义者，通过其流行小说《回顾》 （1888年）宣传其政治观点 〔Guesde〕French journalist and socialist who organized the Marxist branch of the French labor movement (1879).盖德，朱尔斯：(1845-1922) 法国记者及社会主义者，组织了法国劳工运动（1879年）中的一支马克思主义〔Catalonia〕A region of northeast Spain bordering on France and the Mediterranean Sea. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries it was a center of socialist and anarchist activity. The Catalans established a separate state in the 1930's.加泰隆尼亚：西班牙东北部一地区，位于法国和地中海交界处。在19世纪晚期和20世纪早期是社会主义者和无政府主义者的活动中心。20世纪30年代加泰隆尼亚人在此建立独立的州〔Fourier〕French social theorist who believed that universal harmony could be achieved by reorganizing society into self-sustaining units called "phalanxes,” groups of 1,500 people who would share labor, wealth, and housing.傅立叶，（弗朗索瓦·玛丽）查尔斯：(1772-1837) 法国空想社会主义者，认为建立由1,500人共同劳动、共享财富与房屋的名为“法朗吉”的自我维持的基层组织构成的理想社会就能达到世界和谐 |
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