| 单词 | 社会群体 |
| 释义 | 〔individual〕The nounindividual is used unexceptionably when it refers to an individual person as opposed to a larger social group or as distinguished from others by some special quality: 当指作为大的社会群体的对立面或以一些特殊的性质与其他人不同的单个的人时，用individual 这个名词是恰如其分的： 〔totem〕A social group having a common affiliation to such an object.有共同图腾的民族：与这样一种物体共同紧密联系在一起的社会群体〔gay〕The wordgay is now standard in its use to refer to the American homosexual community and its members;in this use it is generally lowercased.Gay is distinguished from homosexual in emphasizing the cultural and social aspects of homosexuality.Many writers reservegay for male homosexuals, but the word is also used to refer to homosexuals of both sexes;when the intended meaning is not clear in the context,the phrasegay and lesbian should be used. Like the other names of social groups that are derived from adjectives (e.g.,Black ), gay may be regarded as offensive when used as a noun to refer to particular individuals, as inThere were two gays on the panel; here a phrase such asgay people should be used instead. But there is no objection to the use of the noun in the pluralto refer to the general gay community,as inGays have united in opposition to the policy. See Usage Note at homosexual 单词gay 其用法已被普遍接受， 指的是美国的同性恋团体及其成员；在这种用法中，它一般小写。Gay 区别于 homosexual， 前者强调同性恋者的文化和社会方面。许多作家把gay 限定于男性同性恋者， 但这个单词也可用于指两种性别的同性恋者，当上下文的言外之意不太明确时，词组同性恋男性和同性恋女性 可以被使用。 就象其他从形容词派生来的社会群体名词一样（如，黑人 ）， gay 如果当作为一个名词使用，指一些特殊的个体时，可能会被认为带有攻击性， 如在There were two gays on the panel； 在此处应该用词组gay people 来代替。 但是并没有人反对其名词的复数形式，指一般的同性恋团体，如句子同性恋者们已经团结起来对抗政策 参见 homosexual〔exonym〕A name by which one people or social group refers to another and by which the group so named does not refer to itself.外来名：一个民族或社会群体用于称呼另一民族或社会群体的名称，该社会群体因此而得名，但本身并不这么称呼自己〔hymenopteran〕An insect of the order Hymenoptera, including the bees, wasps, and ants, often living in complex social groups and characteristically having two pairs of membranous wings.膜翅类昆虫：膜翅类的任何一种昆虫，包括蜜蜂、马蜂、蚂蚁，经常有复杂的社会群体有两对膜翅是这类动物的特点〔epiphenomenon〕"Exploitation of one social class or ethnic group by another[is] an epiphenomenon of real differences in power between social groups" (Harper's)“一个社会阶层或种族对另一社会阶级或种族的剥削 社会群体权力不均的附带现象” (哈珀) |
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