| 单词 | 神学 |
| 释义 | 〔Arminian〕Of or relating to the theology of Jacobus Arminius and his followers, who believed that predestination was conditioned by God's foreknowledge of human free choices.阿米尼乌斯派教义的：雅各布斯·阿米尼乌斯神学及其追随者的，认为预定论是以上帝对人类自由选择的预知为条件的或与之相关的〔summa〕A comprehensive treatise, especially in philosophy or theology.总结性论文：综合性论文，尤指哲学或神学方面的论文〔Law〕English theological writer whose works includeA Serious Call to a Devout and Holy Life (1728). 劳，威廉：(1686-1761) 英格兰神学作家，作品包括《对虔诚和神圣生活的渴求》 （1728年） 〔typology〕A theory or doctrine of types, as in scriptural studies.如在圣经研究中铅字的神学或教义〔Schweitzer〕French philosopher, physician, and musician who founded (1913) and spent much of his life at a missionary hospital in present-day Gabon. Schweitzer was a noted organist and wrote many philosophical and theological works. He won the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize.施韦策尔，阿尔贝特：(1875-1965) 法国哲学、医生和音乐家。他在今天的加彭成立了一家教会医院(1913年），并为此花费了大部分时间。施韦策尔是一个有名的风琴演奏家，并写有许多哲学和神学作品。他获得了1952年诺贝尔和平奖〔angelology〕The branch of theology having to do with angels.天使学：神学中与天使有关的一个分支〔theologize〕To speculate about theology.作神学理论上的阐述：作神学的推理〔Christology〕The theological study of the person and deeds of Jesus.基督学：研究个人和耶稣事迹的神学〔imam〕Any one of the founders of the four schools of law and theology.伊玛目：四个法律和神学学派的创建人之一〔Hooker〕English writer and theologian. HisLaws of Ecclesiastical Polity (1594) was central to the formation of Anglican theology. 胡克，理查德：(1554?-1600) 英格兰作家和神学家他的《论教会体制的法则》 （1594年）是圣公会神学的核心组成部分 〔ecclesiology〕The branch of theology that is concerned with the nature, constitution, and functions of a church.教会学：与教会性质、组成及功能相关神学的一支〔council〕An assembly of church officials and theologians convened for regulating matters of doctrine and discipline.会议、公会议：教会官员和神学研究者的集会，来规定宗教条例和原则等事务〔liberalism〕A 19th-century Roman Catholic movement that favored political democracy and ecclesiastical reform but was theologically orthodox.自由主义神学：19世纪一场罗马天主教的运动，其主张政治民主和教会改革，但坚持正统的神学理论〔Socinus〕Italian theologian who based his anti-Trinitarian teachings on the doctrine formulated by his uncleLaelius Socinus (1525-1562), originally Lelio Francesco Maria Sozzini. Their system of Socinianism greatly influenced the development of Unitarian theology. 索齐尼，福斯图斯：(1539-1604) 意大利神学家，他反对三位一体论，其教义以他的叔叔利力尔斯·索齐尼 (1525-1562年），原名莱利奥·弗朗西斯科·马利亚·索齐尼所构想的教义为基础。他们的索齐尼斯主义体系极大地影响了唯一神教派神学的发展 〔Pelagianism〕The theological doctrine propounded by Pelagius, a British monk, and condemned as heresy by the Roman Catholic Church ina.d. 416. It denied original sin and affirmed the ability of human beings to be righteous by the exercise of free will. 贝拉吉乌斯主义：一种英国修道士贝拉吉乌斯首倡的神学学说，公元 416年被罗马天主教会指责为异端邪说。该学说否认原罪之说并且确信人类有能力通过不断的实践锻炼而使自我意志变得正直 〔Marian〕Of or relating to the Virgin Mary, her cult, or her theology.圣母玛丽亚的：圣母玛丽亚的、圣母玛丽亚的祭礼的、圣母玛丽亚神学的、或与此有关的〔positivism〕The system of Auguste Comte designed to supersede theology and metaphysics and depending on a hierarchy of the sciences, beginning with mathematics and culminating in sociology.实证论：为超越神学及玄学而创设的奥古斯都孔德体系，这一体系以科学的等级为依据，以数学为基础而以社会学为最高级〔Blavatsky〕Russian-born theosophist who founded (1875) the Theosophical Society in New York City and wrote books of occult lore, such asIsis Unveiled (1877). 布拉瓦茨基，海伦娜·彼得罗夫娜·哈恩：(1831-1891) 俄裔女通神学者，1875年在纽约创立通神学会，著有有关超自然学说的书，如《揭开面纱的伊希斯》 （1877年） 〔Cranach〕German painter and engraver noted for his many portraits and religious works, some of which depict the theological views of his friend Martin Luther.克拉那赫，卢卡斯：(1472-1553) 德国画家和雕刻家，以他的众多的肖像画和宗教作品出名，其中的一些作品描述了他的朋友马丁·路德的神学观点〔fundamentalism〕Often Fundamentalism An organized, militant Evangelical movement originating in the United States in 1920 in opposition to Liberalism and secularism. 常作 Fundamentalism 基要主义运动：1920年发起于美国的旨在反对自由主义神学和现世主义的有组织的激进福音主义教派运动〔Basil〕Greek Christian leader who was bishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia aftera.d. 370 and a vigorous opponent of Arianism. 巴兹尔：希腊的基督教领袖，他自公元 370年以后任塞沙里亚大主教，强烈反对阿里乌斯神学运动 〔limbo〕Our use of the wordlimbo to refer to states of oblivion, confinement, or transition is derived from the theological sense ofLimbo as a place where souls remain that cannot enter heaven, for example, unbaptized infants.Limbo in Roman Catholic theology is located on the border of Hell, which explains the name chosen for it.The Latin wordlimbus, having meanings such as "an ornamental border to a fringe" and "a band or girdle,” was chosen by Christian theologians of the Middle Ages to denote this border region.English borrowed the wordlimbus directly, but the formlimbo that caught on in English, first recorded in a work composed around 1378,is from the ablative form oflimbus, the form that would be used in expressions such asin limbō, "in Limbo.” 我们用limbo 这个词指被忘却、监禁或过渡的状态， 此用法源于Limbo 的神学含义， 指那些不能升入天堂的灵魂（如未受洗的儿童）所在地。Limbo 在罗马天主教的教义中指位于地狱的边境， 这也是为什么选这个词指地狱的边境的原因。拉丁词limbus 有诸如“流苏或穗状的装饰性花边“和”嵌条或腰带”的意思， 中世纪的基督教神学家选用这个词来指这种边界地区。英语直接借用了limbus 这个词， 但出现于英语中的limbo 这种形式， 首次记载于1378年左右完成的作品中，它源自limbus 的夺格形式， 这种用法是在短语in limbo 中出现的，意思是“在地狱的边界地区” 〔reveal〕To make known by supernatural or divine means:启示，默示：通过超自然或神学的方式使为人知：〔Lucian〕Greek satirist. His two major works,Dialogues of the Gods and Dialogues of the Dead, ridicule Greek philosophy and mythology. 卢西恩：希腊讽刺家。他的两部主要作品《众神的对话》 和 《死者的对话》 讽刺了希腊的哲学和神学 〔mythology〕"A new mythology, essential to the . . . American funeral rite, has grown up"(Jessica Mitford)“新的神学，对学美国葬礼仪式…具有本质意义，已经形成了”(杰西卡·米特福德)〔theology〕Protestant theology; Jewish theology.新教神学；犹太神学〔hope〕Often Hope The theological virtue defined as the desire and search for a future good, difficult but not impossible to attain with God's help. 常作 Hope 神学美德：神学美德，指对于来世幸福的渴望及寻求，虽然艰难，但是，上帝的帮助使它的获得成为可能〔Steiner〕Austrian social philosopher who founded a Christianized school of theosophy, called anthroposophy, which recognizes the existence of pure thought that is independent of the senses.斯坦纳，鲁道夫：(1861-1925) 奥地利社会哲学家，创立了称作人智学的清教化神学派，承认独立于感觉的纯思想的存在〔theologize〕To make theological in form or significance.使神学化：在形式或意义上使成神学的〔philosophy〕All the disciplines presented in university curriculums of science and the liberal arts, except medicine, law, and theology.大学所有的学科：在大学课表上除去医学、法律和神学的所有理科和文学艺术的课程〔Shekinah〕A visible manifestation of the divine presence as described in Jewish theology.上帝显现：犹太神学中描述的表示神存在的看得见的显现〔Torah〕The entire body of religious law and learning including both sacred literature and oral tradition.律法：包括神学文章和口头传说的全部宗教法律和知识的总体〔imam〕An authoritative scholar who founds a school of law or theology.伊玛目：创建了一个法律和神学学派的权威学者〔Mather〕American clergyman and writer. He and his sonCotton (1663-1728) exerted great theological and political influence on the colony of Massachusetts through their staunch Puritanism and prolific writing. 马瑟，英克里斯：(1639-1723) 美国神职人员、作家。他与其子科顿 (1663-1728年）共同的坚定的宗教信仰和他们的大量文章对马萨诸塞殖民地在神学和政治上产生极大的影响 〔Calvin〕French-born Swiss Protestant theologian who broke with the Roman Catholic Church (1533) and set forth the tenets of his theology, known today as Presbyterianism, inInstitutes of the Christian Religion (1536). 卡尔文，约翰：(1509-1564) 法裔瑞士新教神学家﹐他摒弃了罗马天主教会（1533年）并在《基督教要义》 （1536年）中提出了自己的神学主张﹐即今天众所周知的长老会教义 〔Protestant〕A member of a Western Christian church adhering to the theologies of Luther, Calvin, or Zwingli.支持路德，加尔文或茨温利神学的西方基督教教会的成员〔theology〕A course of specialized religious study usually at a college or seminary.神学：通常在大学或神学院的宗教专业课〔apologetics〕The branch of theology that is concerned with defending or proving the truth of Christian doctrines.辩护学，护教学：有关辩护或证明基督教义真实性的一个神学分支〔Aquinas〕Italian Dominican monk, theologian, and philosopher. The outstanding representative of Scholasticism, he applied Aristotelian methods to Christian theology. His masterwork isSumma Theologica (1266-1273). 阿奎那，托马斯：(1225-1274) 意大利多明我会修道士，神学家和哲学家。经院哲学杰出代表，他将亚里士多德的方法应用于基督神学。他的名著是《神学大全》 （1266-1273年） 〔liberalism〕A 19th-century Protestant movement that favored free intellectual inquiry, stressed the ethical and humanitarian content of Christianity, and de-emphasized dogmatic theology.自由主义神学：19世纪一场新教活动，其主张自由的理性研究，强调基督教徒间伦理和人道的一致，而不强调教条的神学理论 |
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