| 单词 | 穆罕默德 |
| 释义 | 〔Aisha〕The favorite wife of Mohammed. She led an unsuccessful revolt against Mohammed's successor, Ali.阿以莎：穆罕默德的爱妻，曾领导了一次反对穆罕默德继承人哈里的失败的叛乱〔Clay〕See Muhammad Ali 参见 穆罕默德 Ali〔Khomeini〕Iranian Shiite leader and head of state (1979-1989). Arrested (1963) and exiled (1964) for his opposition to Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi's regime, he returned to Iran on the shah's downfall (1979) and established a new constitution giving himself supreme powers. His reign was marked by a return to strict observance of the Islamic code.霍梅尼，卢霍拉：(1900-1989) 伊朗伊斯兰教什叶派领袖和国家元首（1979-1989年）。因反对沙·穆罕默德·礼萨·巴列维的统治而被捕（1963年）和流放（1964年），沙被颠覆后回到伊朗（1979年）并创立了一个赋于他自己最高权利的新宪法。他的统治以重新严格遵守伊斯兰教义为标志〔Fatima〕Daughter of the Islamic prophet Mohammed. She married Ali, among the first to embrace Islam, and is considered by Moslems to be one of the Four Perfect Women.法蒂玛：伊斯兰先知穆罕默德的女儿。她嫁给了首批皈依伊斯兰教的阿里，被穆斯林认为是四个完美女人之一〔hadith〕A report of the sayings or actions of Muhammad or his companions, together with the tradition of its chain of transmission.圣训：穆罕默德或是其随从的语录或行动纪录，并同其连锁传递的传统〔Pahlavi〕Shah of Iran from 1941 to 1979, when he was deposed by Islamic fundamentalists.巴列维，穆罕默德·礼萨：(1919-1980) 1941年到1979年为伊朗的国王，后来他被伊斯兰教的教义派所废黜〔algorism〕after Muhammad ibn Khwarizmi-Musa al- 源自 穆罕默德·伊本 Khwarizmi-Musa al-〔Hashemite〕A member of a princely Arab family claiming direct descent from the prophet Muhammad.哈希姆系：一群自称为穆罕默德先知的直系子孙后代的阿拉伯王系家族成员〔Jinnah〕Founder and first governor-general (1947-1948) of Pakistan. When India's independence from Britain was imminent, he feared the Moslem minority would be oppressed by the Hindus and insisted on a Moslem homeland, founded in 1947 as Pakistan.真纳，穆罕默德·阿里：(1876-1948) 巴基斯坦的创建者和第一届总督(1947-1948年） 。当印度要从英国独立出来的时侯，他害怕穆斯林少数民族会受到印度教徒的压迫，坚持在1947年成立一个被称为巴基斯坦的穆斯林国家〔imam〕A ruler claiming descent from Mohammed and exercising authority in an Islamic state.伊玛目：声称继承穆罕默德并在一个伊斯兰国家行使权力的一个统治者〔Medina〕A city of western Saudi Arabia north of Mecca. Mohammed lived here after fleeing from Mecca in 622. The Mosque of the Prophet, containing Mohammed's tomb, is a holy site for Moslem pilgrims. Population, 290,000.麦地那：沙特阿拉伯西部一城市，位于麦加以北。穆罕默德自622年逃离麦加后就住在这儿。建有穆罕默德陵墓。穆罕默德清真寺是穆斯林教徒朝寺的圣地。人口290,000〔caliph〕from Arabic Calīfah [successor (to Mohammed), caliph] 源自 阿拉伯语 Calīfah [继承（穆罕默德的）人，哈里发] 〔imam〕In law and theology, the caliph who is successor to Mohammed as the lawful supreme leader of the Islamic community.伊玛目：在法律和神学上，哈利发是作为伊斯兰社会合法的最高领袖的穆罕默德的继承者〔Sunni〕The branch of Islam that accepts the first four caliphs as rightful successors of Mohammed.逊尼派：伊斯兰教教派，认为前四个哈里发是穆罕默德的合法继承人〔Abbasside〕An Arabic dynasty (750-1258) that expanded the Moslem empire. It was named for al-Abbas (566?-652), paternal uncle of the prophet Mohammed.阿拔斯王朝：一阿拉伯王朝（750-1258年），它使穆斯林帝国得以扩大。得名于先知穆罕默德的叔父阿拔斯（566?-652年）〔Mohammedan〕Of or relating to Mohammed or Islam; Moslem.穆罕默德的，伊斯兰的，穆斯林的：属于或有关穆罕默德或伊斯兰的；穆斯林的〔Muhammad〕American activist and leader of the Black Muslims (1934-1975) who favored political, social, and economic independence for Black Americans.穆罕默德，以利亚：(1897-1975) 美国运动家和黑人回教领袖（1934-1975年），他主张美国黑人在政治、社会和经济上的独立〔Sunna〕The way of life prescribed as normative in Islam, based on the teachings and practices of Mohammed and on exegesis of the Koran.圣行：伊斯兰教认为规范的一种生活方式，建立在穆罕默德的教诲与行为以及对《古兰经》的解释上〔Sunna〕Mohammed's way of life viewed as a model for Moslems.圣行：穆罕默德的生活方式，被认为是穆斯林的榜样〔sherif〕A descendant of the prophet Mohammed through his daughter Fatima.法蒂玛的后代：先知穆罕默德女儿法蒂玛传下的后代〔hegira〕Also Hegira The flight of Mohammed from Mecca to Medina in 622, marking the beginning of the Moslem era. 也作 Hegira 回教纪元：公元622年穆罕默德从麦加到麦地那的逃亡，标志着伊斯兰教纪元的开始〔Islam〕A monotheistic religion characterized by the acceptance of the doctrine of submission to God and Mohammed as the chief and last prophet of God.伊斯兰教：一种一神教，其特征是接受服从上帝和穆罕默德的教义，并认后者为上帝主要的同时也是最后一个先知〔Ali〕American prizefighter who won the world heavyweight title in 1964, 1974, and 1978.阿里，穆罕默德：(生于 1942) 美国职业拳击手，于1964年、1974和1978年分别获得世界重量级拳击冠军〔Mohammed〕Arab prophet of Islam. At the age of 40 he began to preach as God's prophet of the true religion. Mohammed established a theocratic state at Medina after 622 and began to convert Arabia to Islam.穆罕默德：伊斯兰教的阿拉伯先知，四十岁时开始作为真正的宗教的上帝的先知传教。穆罕默德在公元622年以后在麦地那建立了一个政教合一国家并使阿拉伯半岛皈依伊斯兰教〔Mecca〕A city of western Saudi Arabia near the coast of the Red Sea. The birthplace of Mohammed, it is the holiest city of Islam and a pilgrimage site for all devout believers of the faith. Population, 550,000.麦加：沙特阿拉伯西部城市，位于红海沿岸。它是伊斯兰教创始人穆罕默德的诞生地，是伊斯兰教最神圣之地，也是笃信伊斯兰教的虔诚教徒的朝拜中心。人口550,000〔imam〕A male leader regarded by Shiites as a descendant of Mohammed divinely appointed to guide human beings.伊玛目：被什叶派教徒认为是穆罕默德的后代并被神圣地指派来引导人类的男性领袖 |
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