| 单词 | 答案 |
| 释义 | 〔Rauschenbusch〕American religious leader who sought solutions to social and economics problems through the application of Christian and socialist ideals.劳兴布施，沃尔特：(1861-1918) 美国宗教领袖，企图通过基督教和社会主义思想相结合来找到解决社会和经济问题的答案〔how〕You say the answer is wrong. How so?你说答案是错的。为什么?〔crib〕To plagiarize (an idea or answer, for example).剽窃：剽窃（如思想或答案）〔easy〕took the easy way out of her problems; wasn't satisfied with easy answers.轻松地解决了她的问题；不满足于轻易可取的答案〔on〕going on six o'clock; came on the answer by accident.到快六点了；偶然找到了答案〔memory〕After a few minutes' recollection she produced the answer.经过几分钟的回想，她给出了答案。〔drum〕drummed the answers into my head.把答案反复灌输到我头脑里〔reach〕To make an excessive effort, as in drawing a conclusion or making a joke; overreach.操之过急，骤下结论：例如为得出答案或编一个笑话等而付出超常的努力；做力不能及之事〔brainstorm〕To think of or produce (a solution to a problem, for example) by this method.想出办法：用这种方法考虑或做出（如问题的答案）〔key〕A set of answers to a test.答案：试题的解答〔independent〕Of or relating to a system of equations no one of which can be derived from another equation in the system.独立方程式的：属于或与一组方程组有关的，方程组中任一方程不可能从其它同组方程解出答案的〔terse〕a terse one-word answer.一个简明的一词答案〔quiz〕Although we do not know the origin of the wordquiz, just as we may not know the answers to all the questions on a quiz,we can say that its first recorded sense has to do with people,not tests.The term, first recorded in 1782,meant "an odd or eccentric person.”From the noun in this sense came a verbmeaning "to make sport or fun of" and "to regard mockingly.”In English dialects and probably in American Englishthe verbquiz acquired senses relating to interrogation and questioning. This presumably occurredbecausequiz was associated with question, inquisitive, or perhaps the English dialect verb quiset, "to question" (probably itself short for obsoleteinquisite, "to investigate"). From this new area of meaning came the noun and verb senses all too familiar to students.The second recorded instance of the noun sense occurs in the writings of no less an educator than William James,who in a December 26, 1867, letter proffers the hopethat "perhaps giving ‘quizzes’ in anatomy and physiology . . . may help along.”虽然我们不知道quiz 这个词的来源， 正象我们可能并不清楚测试中所有问题的答案一样，但我们可以肯定的是这个词最初被记录时的意义与人有关，而不是测试，这个词第一次被记录下来是在1782年，意思为“一个古怪或行为怪诞的人”。从这种意义的名词派生出一个动词，意思为“嘲笑或戏弄…”和“以嘲讽的态度对待”。在英语并且很可能是在美国英语中，quiz 这个动词形成了有关审问或提问的意思， 据猜测，这一现象的发生是因为quiz 使人联想起 question ， inquisitive 或者可能 quiset 这个英国方言中的动词， 意思为“提问”（很可能是inquisite 这个过时用语的缩写形式，意思为“调查”）。 从这个意思中派生出学生们再熟悉不 过的名词和动词意思。记录下这个名词意义的第二个例子恰好出现在教育家威廉·詹姆斯的笔下。在1867年12月26日写的一封信中，他提出一条希望：或许在解剖学和物理学方面进行测试…可能有些独特的帮助。”〔oral〕An academic examination in which questions and answers are spoken rather than written. Often used in the plural.口试：大学里一种问题和答案均采用口头形式而非笔头的水平考试，常用复数形式〔riposte〕from Italian risposta [answer] [from feminine past participle of] rispondere [to answer] 源自 意大利语 risposta [答案] 源自rispondere的阴性过去分词 [回答] 〔same〕gave identical answers;给同样的答案；〔conundrum〕A riddle in which a fanciful question is answered by a pun.谜语：由一个奇妙的问题组成的谜语，其答案为双关语〔maze〕A graphic puzzle, the solution of which is an uninterrupted path through an intricate pattern of line segments from a starting point to a goal.迷宫：一种图谜，其答案是从起点出发到达终点的通过复杂图案的不间断道路〔break〕To find the solution or key to; uncover the basic elements and arrangement of:破解，解决：找到…的解决办法或答案；揭开…的基本成分或暴露…的排列方式：〔box〕Draw a box around your answer.在你的答案上画个方框〔solution〕The answer to or disposition of a problem.解答：问题的答案或解决〔grant〕won't vouchsafe an answer to your question.不会屈尊给你的问题一个答案。〔soldier〕Why do soldiers fight?One answer is hidden away in the wordsoldier itself. Its first recorded occurrence is found in a work composed around 1300,the word having come into Middle English (assoudier ) from Old French soudoior and Anglo-Norman soudeour. The Old French word,first recorded in the 12th century,is derived fromsol or soud, Old French forms of Modern French sou. There is no longer a French coin namedsou, but the meaning of the wordsou alerts us to the fact that money is involved. Indeed, Old Frenchsol referred to a coin and also meant "pay,”and asoudoior was a man who fought for pay. This was a concept worth expressing in an era when many men were not paid for fighting but did it in service to a feudal superior.Thussoldier is parallel to the word mercenary, which goes back to Latinmercēnnārius, derived frommerces, "pay,” and meaning "working for pay.”The word could also be used as a noun,one of whose senses was "a soldier of fortune.”士兵们为什么而打仗?其中一个答案就隐藏在soldier 这个单词里面。 在大约1300年的一本著作中发现了这个词的最早记载。这个词由古法语的soudoior 和盎格鲁诺曼底语中的 soudeour 进入中古英语（形式为 soudier )。 古法语中的这个单词，最早记录于12世纪，是由sol 或 soud ，现代法语单词 sou 的古法语形式衍变而来的。 已经没有叫做sou 的法国硬币了， 但是单词sou 的意思使我们意识到这和钱有关。 实际上，古法语中的sol 指的是一枚硬币， 也意味着“报酬”，而soudoior 是一个为了报酬而打仗的人。 在许多人打仗并没有得到报酬而是给封建王服役的时代里，这种概念是值得表达出来的。这样，士兵(soldier) 类似于 雇佣兵(mercenary) ， 可以追溯到拉丁文mercennarius ， 由merces “报酬”衍变而来， 意思是“为报酬而工作”。这个词也能当名词使用，其中的一个意思是“雇佣兵”〔frame〕The question was framed to draw only one answer.这个问题被限定只能有一个答案〔hit〕finally hit on the answer; hit upon a solution to the problem.最终找到了答案；最终寻求到了解决这个问题的方法〔mysterious〕Arcane applies to what is hidden from the knowledge of all but those having the key to a secret: Arcane 指隐藏在知识后的东西，但他们对于秘密是有答案的： 〔equation〕"The world was full of equations . . . there must be an answer for everything, if only you knew how to set forth the questions"(Anne Tyler)“世界充满了复杂的事物；假使你知道如何提出问题的话，那么也许事事就会有答案了”(安妮·泰勒)〔period〕Perhaps more than once one may have wonderedwhy the wordperiod has the sense "punctuation mark ( . )” as well as some of its other senses having to do with time.The answer to this question lies in the senses of the Greek wordperiodos from which our word is descended. Periodos, made up of peri-, "around,” and hodos, "way,” meant such things as "going round, way round, going round in a circle, circuit,”and with regard to time "cycle or period of time.”The word also meant "the period of menstruation.”In rhetoric it referred to "a group of words organically related in grammar and sense.”The Greek word was adopted into Latin asperihodos with only its rhetorical sense and one other sense,but in Medieval Latin it reacquired senses it had in Greek,such as "cycle,” and acquired a new sense,"a punctuation mark used at the end of a rhetorical period.”Although this sense is recorded in Medieval Latin,it is not recorded in English until 1609.But the wordperiod had entered Middle English from Medieval Latin and Old French, first being recorded in a work written around 1425in the sense "a cycle of recurrence of a disease.”或许任何人都会不止一次的发出疑问，为什么period 有“标点符号（。）”的意思， 同时其它意思与时间有关。此问的答案来自我们的单词源自的希腊语单词periodos 的意思。 Periodos ，由意为“周围”的 peri- 和意为“方式”的 hodos 组成， 该词意味着“围绕…走，围绕…的路，转圈走，围绕，”同时也指时间，意为“一段时间或时间周期”。此词也意为“经期”。在修辞学中指“一组在语法和词意上有机相连的词。”这个希腊词作为perihodos 被拉丁文所采用， 仅带有修辞和一个其他的意思，但在中世纪拉丁语中它重新得到了它在希腊语中的意思，例如“周期”，后来又得到一个新的意思，即“用于修辞部分末尾的标点符号”。尽管此意在中世纪拉丁语中有记载，但直到1609年才在英语中有记载。而period 从中世纪拉丁文和古法语中进入中世纪英语， 并首次记载于约1425年所著的作品中，意为“疾病发作的周期” |
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