| 单词 | 简易 |
| 释义 | 〔plantation〕It has probably seemed ironic to more than one reader that the same wordplantation appears in the name Plimoth Plantation, a settlement of people seeking freedom of religion,albeit their particular form of religion,and also as the term for the estates of the pre-Civil War Southwith their beautiful mansions for the white elite and their hovels for the oppressed Black slaves.These two uses of the wordplantation illustrate two sense developments of the word, which is first recorded in Middle English asplantacioun in a work probably written during the first quarter of the 15th century. Latinplantātiō, the source of our English word, originally meant "propagation of a plant, as from cuttings,”but in Medieval Latin developed other related senses,such as "planting,” "foundation, establishment,” and "nursery, or collection of growing plants that have been planted.”The two senses that were used in New England and in the South can thus be explained.The Plimoth sense is derived from the notion of a settlement or colony that has been established or planted in a new country.The Southern sense goes back to the notion of simply planting crops,in this casecrops such as tobacco or cottonthat are grown on estates or farms in subtropical or tropical climatesand were at one time worked by slave labor.同样的单词plantation 出现在名称 Plimoth Plantation （普利茅斯种植园）中，这对不止一名读者来说，可能看起来是具讽刺意味的， 该名称指寻求宗教自由的人的小型社区，虽然他们的宗教形式很特别，也是作为内战前南方庄园的术语，指供高贵白种人居住的漂亮公馆和受压迫的黑人奴隶居住的破旧茅屋。单词plantation 的这两种用法说明了这个单词两种意思的发展， 其以可能于15世纪最初二十五年创作的一部作品中的plantacioun 形式首次记录进中世纪英语。 拉丁文plantatio 是我们这个英语单词的词源， 最初意为“植物的繁殖，如通过供插栽小枝，”但是在中世纪拉丁文中又发展了其它的相关的意思，例如“种植、”“建立、设立”和“苗圃或已被种植的活的植物的集合。”这样，用在新英格兰和南方的这两种意思就能够解释了。普利茅斯种植园的意思是从在新的国家中建立或移民的新拓居地或殖民地的概念中引申出来的。南方庄园的意思则可追溯到简易耕种作物的概念上来，在这种情况下，例如烟草或棉花等农作物，生长在亚热带或热带气候的庄园或农场，且一段时间以来由奴隶种植〔prefabricate〕To manufacture (a building or section of a building, for example) in advance, especially in standard sections that can be easily shipped and assembled.预制：预先制造（如，建筑或建筑的一部分），尤指用能简易装运和安装的标准部件〔bracket〕A simple rigid structure in the shape of an L, one arm of which is fixed to a vertical surface, the other projecting horizontally to support a shelf or other weight.托座，隅撑：L形的简易刚性结构，一臂固定于一垂表面上，另一臂水平伸出以支撑一个架子或其它重物〔ease〕Readiness or dexterity in performance; facility:灵巧，方便：轻松或灵巧的表演；简易之事：〔frieze〕A plain or decorated horizontal part of an entablature between the architrave and cornice.檐壁：上横梁中在框掾和额板之间简易或有装饰的水平部位〔credit〕low prices and easy credit.低价而简易的信贷〔handy〕a handy reference book.一本简易参考书〔simplicity〕The property, condition, or quality of being simple or uncombined.简单，简易：简单的或非结合的特征、状况或性质〔wearable〕wearable evening clothes.简易适穿的睡衣〔susceptance〕(electric) suscept(ibility) [a measure of the ease of polarization of a dielectric] (electric) suscept(ibility) [电介质极化简易度的测量] 〔outwork〕A minor fortification constructed beyond a main defensive position or fortification.简易外围工事：在主要防御位置或防御工事之外构筑的小防御工事 |
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