| 单词 | 管理 |
| 释义 | 〔stockman〕A man who is in charge of livestock or works on a stock farm.畜牧工：管理牲畜或在畜牧场工作的人〔listserver〕A file server that is used in the management of e-mail for members of a discussion group.列表服务器：管理讨论群族成员电子邮件的文件服务器〔working〕Often workings The manner in which something operates or functions: 常作 workings 运作方式：某事运行或管理的方式：〔consign〕To turn over permanently to another's charge or to a lasting condition; commit irrevocably:托管：把…永久性地交给另一个人管理或使…进入一种永久状态中；不可撤回地把…给予：〔Edirne〕A city of northwest Turkey northwest of Istanbul. It was founded c.a.d. 125 by the Roman emperor Hadrian on the site of an earlier Thracian town and was conquered at various times by Visigoths, Bulgarians, Crusaders, Turks, and Russians. Held by Greece after 1920, it was restored to Turkey in 1923. Population, 71,914. 埃迪思，阿德里安堡：土耳其西北部一城市，位于伊斯坦布尔的西北部。它建于公元 125年，创建者为罗马皇帝哈德里安，该城创建之前原是一座色雷斯的小城，在不同时期曾被西哥特人、保加利亚人、十字军、土耳其人和俄国人占领。1920年之后由希腊管理，1923年又归还给土耳其。人口71,914 〔honcho〕To direct and manage (personnel and projects):领导：管理（人事和策划）：〔manage〕To direct the affairs or interests of:管理，经营：掌管其事务或利益：〔cooperative〕An enterprise or organization that is owned or managed jointly by those who use its facilities or services.合作社（组织）：由使用其便利设施或服务项目的人共同拥有或管理的企业或组织〔tractable〕from tractāre [to manage] [frequentative of] trahere [to draw] 源自 tractāre [管理] trahere的重复动词 [拉] 〔decurion〕A member of a municipal senate in ancient Rome who ran local government.元老院议员统：在古罗马时代的自治元老院的成员，管理地方政府〔procurator〕One authorized to manage the affairs of another; an agent.代理人：受权管理他人事务的人；代理〔orderly〕The methodical housekeeper performs tasks according to a schedule.这位有条不紊的管家在管理其事务上严格遵循日程表。〔handle〕To manage, administer to, or represent:管理，支配，代表：〔section〕A portion of railroad track maintained by a single crew.路段：由一个工作队管理的一段铁路线〔ordnance〕The branch of an armed force that procures, maintains, and issues weapons, ammunition, and combat vehicles.军械署：军队中负责采购、管理和发放武器、弹药和战车的一个部门〔bureaucracy〕Management or administration marked by diffusion of authority among numerous offices and adherence to inflexible rules of operation:官僚主义：一种以在众多机构中拥有权威地位，并且固守着不变规则办事为特点的处理或管理：〔conduct〕managing a large resort.管理一个大的娱乐场。〔incorrigible〕Difficult or impossible to control or manage:难以控制的：难以或无法控制或管理的：〔district〕A division of an area, as for administrative purposes.地区，行政区：一个地域的分支，如为了管理的目的〔handling〕The act or an instance of one that handles something.管理，操纵：人们触摸、操作或管理某事的动作或情况〔administrator〕One who administers, especially business or public affairs; an executive.管理者，理事，行政官员：特指管理商务或公共事务的人；主管〔laicize〕To free from ecclesiastical control; give over to laypeople.使脱离教会的控制；把…交给俗人管理〔engineer〕To plan, manage, and put through by skillful acts or contrivance; maneuver.策划，管理：通过技巧的行动或诡计而计划、管理或完成；策划〔run〕ran the campaign by himself; a bureau that runs espionage operations.由他自己管理比赛；管理间谍活动的部门〔ship〕A well-managed and efficient business, household, or organization:一个管理完善，效率高的企业、家庭或组织：〔management〕management of a crisis; management of factory workers.对危机的处理；对工厂工人的管理〔Richland〕A city of southeast Washington on the Columbia River west-northwest of Walla Walla. It was developed in 1943-1945 to house employees of the nearby Hanford Atomic Works. Federal management of the city was relinquished in 1958. Population, 32,315.里奇兰德：华盛顿东南部一城市，位于哥伦比亚河畔沃勒尔的西北偏西。它发展于1943-1945年，为附近的汉福德原子工事的雇员提供房屋。该城的联邦管理被放弃于1958年。人口32,315〔Langston〕American diplomat, politician, and educator who served as U.S. minister to Haiti and chargé d'affaires to Santo Domingo (1877-1885) and later as a U.S. representative from Virginia (1890-1891).兰顿，约翰·默塞尔：(1829-1897) 美国外交家、政治家和教育家，曾任美国驻海地公使并于1877年到1885年间管理对多明哥的外交事务，后来又1890年到1891年间任来自弗吉尼亚州的美国众议员〔democracy〕Government by the people, exercised either directly or through elected representatives.民主政府：人民直接管理或通过选举出来的代表间接管理的政府〔realm〕from regere [to rule] * see reg- 源自 regere [管理] * 参见 reg- 〔Gaza〕A city of southwest Asia in theGaza Strip, a narrow coastal area along the Mediterranean Sea adjoining Israel and Egypt. The territory was part of the British mandate for Palestine (1917-1948), passed to Egypt in 1949, and was occupied by Israel in 1967. Palestinian autonomy was promised in the 1979 Israeli-Egyptian peace treaty but has not yet been achieved. The city of Gaza was one of the five major Philistine city-kingdoms. Population, 118,272. 加沙：西南亚一城市，位于加沙走廊， 一狭窄沿海区，沿地中海分布，靠近以色列和埃及。其领土原是英国一部分，授权巴勒斯坦人管理（1917-1948年），1949年转给埃及，1967年被以色列占领。巴勒斯坦人的独立建国在1979年两伊协定中有了许诺，但仍未实现。加沙城是5个主要非利人城邦国之一。人口118,272 〔zamindari〕The area administered by a zamindar.田赋征收者的辖区：由田赋征收者管理的地区〔wharfinger〕One who owns or manages a wharf.码头老板：拥有或管理码头者〔bylaw〕A casual glance at the wordbylaw might make one think that the element by- means "secondary, subsidiary,” especially sincebylaw can mean "a secondary law.” It is possible thatby-, as in byway, has influencedbylaw in the sense "secondary law"; however,bylaw existed long before the sense in question. The word is first recorded in 1283 with the meaning "a body of customs or regulations, as of a village, manor, religious organization, or sect.”By- in this word comes from Old Norse, as may the wordbylaw, and is related to if not identical with the element -by in the names of many places, such as Whitby, where Scandinavians settled when they invaded England during the early Middle Ages.We get the sense of this-by if we compare the related word entered as bær, b÷r, bȳr, in the standard dictionary of Old Icelandic, meaning "a town or village" in Norway, Sweden, and Denmark and "a farm or landed estate" in Iceland. We thus see whybylaw would mean "a body of customs of a village or manor" and why we use the word to mean "a law or rule governing the internal affairs of an organization.”随意瞟一眼单词bylaw 可能会使人想起前缀 by- ，意为“第二位的，次要的”， 因为bylaw 意为“附属的法规”。 可能因为前缀by- 位于 byway 中， 它影响了bylaw “附属法规”这一意义； 然而bylaw 一词在上述意义产生之前早已存在。 该词最初是在1283年以“一种习俗或规章体系，如村庄、县邑、宗教组织或派系之中”这种含义记载的。前缀By- 来自古斯堪的纳维亚语中， 正如bylaw 一词在许多地名之中与后缀 -by 若不是完全一致，就是彼此相关， 如惠特比，这是斯堪的纳维亚人在中世纪早期侵入英格兰之后的定居地。如果我们将古冰岛标准字典中的相关词bær, b÷r, bȳr （在挪威、瑞典和丹麦这些国家中意为“城镇或村庄”而在冰岛意为“农场或庄园”）加以比较，就会得出后缀 -by 的含义。 我们因而可以明白为什么bylaw 一词意为“村庄或县邑的习俗体系” 以及我们为什么使用其“一种法规或规则，用于管理一个组织的内部事务”这一意义〔maladminister〕To administer or manage inefficiently or dishonestly.对…管理不善：不善或马虎地执行或管理〔take〕To assume the control or management of.接管：获得对…的控制或管理〔syce〕from sāsa [to administer] 源自 sāsa [管理] 〔Shanghai〕A city of eastern China at the mouth of the Yangtze River (Chang Jiang) southeast of Nanjing. The municipality of Shanghai is administered as a separate governmental unit. Population, 12,170,000.上海：中国东部的一个城市，位于扬子江（长江）入海口，南京的东南方。上海市政是作为一个独立政府单位来管理的。人口12,170,000〔rector〕A Roman Catholic priest appointed to be managerial as well as spiritual head of a church or other institution, such as a seminary or university.首席神父：被指派管理某个教堂或诸如修道院或大学这样的机构，并充作其精神领袖的罗马天主教神父〔housekeeping〕Performance or management of household tasks.家政，家务：家庭事务的执行与管理 |
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