| 单词 | 精疲力竭 |
| 释义 | 〔effete〕Depleted of vitality, force, or effectiveness; exhausted:枯竭的：缺乏生气、气力或效率的；精疲力竭的：〔buckle〕To succumb, as to exhaustion or authority; give in:让步，屈服：由于精疲力竭或由于权威而屈服；让步：〔wash〕She's all washed up as an editor.她做编辑工作累得精疲力竭〔wash〕To burn out; exhaust:精疲力竭；极其困乏：〔exhaustion〕The state of being exhausted; extreme fatigue:精疲力竭：被耗尽的状态；极度疲劳：〔burdensome〕 Arduous emphasizes the expenditure of sustained and often exhausting labor: Arduous 强调持续不断的经常使人精疲力竭的劳动： 〔beaten〕Totally worn-out; exhausted.累坏了的；精疲力竭的〔effete〕The fact thateffete has come to mean "effeminate" marks a return to its etymological roots. Effete came into English from the Latin wordeffētus, made up ofex-, "out,” and the adjective fētus, "having recently given birth,” which is related to the nounfētus, "offspring,” a word we have borrowed as well. Latineffētus was used of plants that had borne fruit or of animals that had borne young, buteffētus could also mean "worn out with bearing young, exhausted, feeble.” The English wordeffete, whose earliest appearance is recorded in 1621, was first used in senses similar or identical to senses of Latineffētus ; however, in the last two centuries or so the senses "characterized by weakness or decadence" and "overrefined, effeminate,” have appeared.Botheffeminate and effete go back to the same Indo-European root, dhē(i)-, meaning "to suck.” Ineffeminate we see the development from a form of the root meaning literally "she who suckles"; ineffete, the development from a form of the root that refers to the baby who sucks milk from the mother. 事实上，effete 这个词表示“女人气的”意义反而表明其意义更接近于其词根的意义。 Effete 是从拉丁语effetus 传入英语的， 这个拉丁语词是由ex- 表“出”和形容词 fetus 表“刚刚生产”组成的， 该词与我们借用来的名词fetus 表示“后代”有关。 拉丁语effetus 用于指植物刚刚结出果实或动物刚产幼仔， 但effetus 可能也表示“刚出生而精疲力竭、无力、柔弱”。 英语词语effete 第一次记载于1621年， 当时的意义与拉丁语effetus 的意义基本相同或相似， 但从以后近两个世纪以来，表示“柔弱或堕落”和“娇柔或女人气”的意义相继出现。effeminate 和 effete 都源于同一印欧语系的词根 dhe(i-) 意为“吸”。 在effeminate 中，我们看到从词根形式拓展来的意义大体上是“喂奶的女人”； effete 从词根形式发展而来的意义是指从母体身上汲取乳汁的幼儿 〔drop〕To fall or sink into a state of exhaustion or death.倒下：跌至精疲力竭或死亡状态〔tucker〕To make weary; exhaust.使疲倦，使精疲力竭〔get〕The heat was getting me down.炎热使我精疲力竭〔depletion〕The state of being depleted; exhaustion.耗尽：被损耗的状态；精疲力竭，耗尽〔near〕was near exhausted from the labor; near dead after the assault.工作累得几乎精疲力竭；在袭击后几乎丧命〔sink〕The exhausted runner sank to the ground.精疲力竭的选手倒在运动场上〔drain〕The day's events completely drained me of all strength.这天的事情使我精疲力竭〔frazzle〕A condition of exhaustion:疲惫：精疲力竭的状态：〔rope〕After six months on strike, the workers were at the end of their rope.工人们经过6个月的罢工后已经精疲力竭了 |
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