| 单词 | 约克 |
| 释义 | 〔Yorktown〕A village of southeast Virginia on the York River north of Newport News. It was the site of Cornwallis's surrender of the British forces (1781) in the American Revolution. During the Civil War Union troops occupied the town after a siege lasting from April to May 1862.约克镇：美国弗吉尼亚州东南一村庄，位于约克河河畔、纽波特斯北部。是独立战争期间英军康华利斯投降(1781年）所在地，美国内战期间，历经1862年四至五月的围城之后，联邦军队占领了约克镇〔Lyon〕American educator who founded (1837) Mount Holyoke College, the first American institution of higher learning for women.莱昂，玛丽·马松：(1797-1849) 美国教育学家，1837年创立豪尔约克山女子学院，是美国第一所为妇女设立的高等学府〔York〕American World War I hero famed for his single-handed attack on a German post, during which he captured 132 of the enemy.约克，阿尔文·库尔姆：(1887-1964) 美国第一次世界大战英雄，以其单独攻打一德国哨所而闻名，在此期间还俘虏132名敌军〔Warbeck〕Flemish pretender to the English throne. Posing as Richard, Duke of York, the murdered son of Edward IV, he landed in Cornwall (1497), proclaimed himself king, and proceeded to London, where he was captured and hanged by supporters of Henry VII.沃贝克，珀金：(1474?-1499) 法兰德斯的英国王位的觊觎者。他自称爱德华四世被谋杀的儿子约克公爵理查德，1497年在康沃尔登陆，宣布自己为国王，随后向伦敦前进，在那里被亨利七世的支持者抓住并绞死〔Faulkner〕American writer who set many of his works, such as the novelsThe Sound and the Fury (1929) and The Unvanquished (1938), in the imaginary Yoknapatawpha County, a microcosm of the postbellum South, in which he explored the decay of traditional Southern values. He won the 1949 Nobel Prize for literature. 福克纳，威廉：(1897-1962) 美国作家，他的许多作品，如小说《喧嚣与骚动》 （1929年）和 《不可战胜》 （1938年），都以战后南方的缩影虚构的约克波塔弗郡为背景，揭示了南方传统价值观的衰败。1949年他获诺贝尔文学奖 〔Warwick〕English military and political leader who fought for the Yorkists during the Wars of the Roses and secured the throne for Edward IV (1461). He then changed allegiance and restored the Lancastrian Henry VI to the throne (1470). Warwick was killed in the Battle of Barnet, which regained the throne for Edward.沃里克：英国军事、政治领袖，在玫瑰战争中支持约克家族，辅助了爱德华四世登基(1461年）。后又改变效忠，拥立兰开斯特家族的亨利六世重登王位(1470年）。沃里克在巴尼特之战中被杀，该战使爱德华重新夺回王位〔Becket〕English Roman Catholic martyr. Chancellor to Henry II after 1154, he was appointed archbishop of Canterbury (1162) and fell into disfavor with the king. Charged with misappropriating crown funds (1164), Becket fled the country. Upon his return (1170) he was embroiled in the controversy surrounding Henry's appointment of his son as archbishop of York and was murdered by four knights in Canterbury Cathedral. He was canonized in 1173.贝克特，托马斯：(1118?-1170) 英国的罗马天主教殉教者。1154年后任亨利二世的主教管区秘书室教士，他被指派为坎特伯雷大主教（1162年）并失宠于国王。由于侵占国王基金被起诉（1164年），贝克特逃离这个国家。他刚一回来（1170年）就被卷入亨利指定他的儿子为约克大主教的争论中，并在坎特伯雷大教堂里被四个爵士谋杀。1173年他被认可为圣徒〔Lasky〕American motion-picture producer who helped found Paramount studios (1933). The pictures he produced includeSergeant York (1941) and The Great Caruso (1951). 拉斯基，杰西．刘易斯：美国电影制作人，于1933年创建派拉蒙电影公司。他所制作的电影包括1941年的《约克军曹》 及1951年的 《歌王卡罗素》 〔Wakefield〕A borough of north-central England east-northeast of Manchester. In the Battle of Wakefield (1460) Richard Plantagenet, the third duke of York (1411-1460), was slain by Lancastrian forces in the Wars of the Roses.韦克菲尔德：英格兰中北部一城市，位于曼彻斯特东北偏东，在玫瑰战争韦克菲尔德一役(1460年）中，金雀花王朝约克·查理三世(1411-1460年）被兰开斯特部队绞死〔Hutterite〕After Jakob Hutter (died 1536), Moravian Anabaptist leader 爵士约克伯 赫特 （卒于1536年），摩拉维亚再洗礼论者领导 〔serendipity〕We are indebted to the English author Horace Walpole for coining the wordserendipity. In one of his 3,000 or more letters, on which his literary reputation primarily rests,and specifically in a letter of January 28, 1754,Walpole says that "this discovery, indeed, is almost of that kind which I call Serendipity, a very expressive word.”Perhaps the word itself came to him by serendipity.Walpole formed the word on an old name for Sri Lanka,Serendip. He explained that this name was part of the title of "a silly fairy tale, calledThe Three Princes of Serendip : as their highnesses traveled, they were always making discoveries, by accidents and sagacity, of things which they were not in quest of . . . One of the most remarkable instances of thisaccidental sagacity ( for you must observe thatno discovery of a thing you are looking for, comes under this description) was of my Lord Shaftsbury [Anthony Ashley Cooper],who happening to dine at Lord Chancellor Clarendon's [Edward Hyde],found out the marriage of the Duke of York [later James II] and Mrs. Hyde [Anne Hyde, Clarendon's daughter], by the respect with which her mother [Frances Aylesbury Hyde] treated her at table.”我们非常感激英国作家霍勒斯·沃尔浦尔创造了单词serendipity。 他文学上的声誉主要依靠他的三千封或更多的信件中的一封，尤其是写于1754年一月二十八日的信中，沃尔浦尔说道“这一发现，实际上几乎是我称作意外发现珍奇事物的本领，一个非常有意味的词。”可能他得到这个单词也是靠意外发现珍奇事物的本领。沃尔浦尔创造这个词源自斯里兰卡的旧称Serendip 。 他解释说这个名字是“一个朴素的神话故事，称作The Three Princes of Serendip （斯里兰卡的三个王子）的童话”的名字的一部分： 当这些殿下旅行时，他们总是通过意外和精明地发现他们并没有寻求的东西…这种accidental sagacity（意外的聪慧） 的最著名的实例( 你必须注意到根据这种描述你没有 发现你 正在 寻找的东西） 是我的沙夫茨伯里老爷，偶然在钱塞勒·克拉伦登老爷处用餐时，发现了约克的杜克同海德夫人的婚事是根据她的母亲在吃饭款待她时发现的”〔York〕A borough of northern England on the Ouse River east-northeast of Leeds. Originally a Celtic settlement, it was later held by Romans, Angles, Danes, and Normans. During the Middle Ages the city was a prosperous wool market and an educational center. Its archbishopric is second only to Canterbury in importance. Population, 101,600.约克：英格兰北部一自治市，位于乌斯河河畔、利兹东北偏东。起初为盖尔人的定居点，后为罗马人、盎格鲁人、丹麦人和诺曼人占领。中世纪该城是繁荣的羊毛市场和教育中心。其大主教地位仅次于坎特伯雷大主教。人口101,600〔Toronto〕The capital and largest city of Ontario, Canada, in the southern part of the province on Lake Ontario. Originally a French trading post, it was founded as York by the British in 1793 and renamed as Toronto in 1834. Toronto is an important Great Lakes port and an industrial center. Population, 599,217.多伦多：加拿大安大略省首府和最大城市，位于该省南部安大略湖边。原本为法国人的商品集散地，1793年英国人建立该城，名为约克，1834年重新被命名为多伦多。多伦多是一个重要的五大湖区的港口和工业中心。人口599,217〔Mattaponi〕A river, about 201 km (125 mi) long, of eastern Virginia flowing southeast to the York River.马特波尼河：美国弗吉尼亚州东部的河流，流程201公里(125英里），向东南注入约克河〔Cooper〕American actor who gained fame for his portrayals of strong, quiet heroes. He won an Academy Award forSergeant York (1941) and High Noon (1952). 库珀，加里：(1901-1961) 美国演员，因擅长演强壮、冷峻的英雄而著名。在影片《约克军士》 （1941年）及 《正午》 （1952年）中的表演获奥斯卡金像奖 〔York〕A city of southern Pennsylvania south-southeast of Harrisburg. Settled in 1735, it was the meeting place of the Continental Congress in 1777-1778 during the British occupation of Philadelphia. Population, 42,192.约克：美国宾夕法尼亚州南部一城市，位于哈里斯堡东南偏南，建于1735年，在英国占领费城期间，曾是1777年至1778年大陆会议的会址。人口42,192〔Paleosiberian〕Of or relating to a grouping of mostly unrelated languages and language isolates, including Chukchi and Yukaghir, spoken primarily in Siberia.古西伯利亚语的：主要使用于西伯利亚，包括楚克奇语与约克吉尔语等与外界不相关连且隔离的语言群的或与其相关的 |
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