单词 | 约翰逊 |
释义 | 〔perseverance〕"Great works are performed, not by strength, but perseverance" (Samuel Johnson).“伟大的作品不是靠力量而是靠毅力来完成的” (塞缪米·约翰逊)。〔saying〕In his epigram Samuel Johnson called remarriage a "triumph of hope over experience.”在他的警句中塞缪尔·约翰逊把再婚称作“希望对经历的胜利”。〔lift〕"A generous and elevated mind is distinguished by nothing more certainly than an eminent degree of curiosity" (Samuel Johnson).“一颗慷慨、高贵的心灵最显著的特征当然是具有强烈的求知欲” (萨缪·约翰逊)。〔Bunche〕American diplomat. He won the 1950 Nobel Peace Prize for his work on the United Nations Palestine Commission.本奇,拉尔夫·约翰逊:(1904-1971) 美国外交家。1950年由于他在联合国巴勒斯坦委员会的工作而获诺贝尔和平奖〔Johnson〕American restaurateur who founded the Howard Johnson chain of restaurants and motels (1929).约翰逊,霍华德·迪林:(1896?-1972) 美国餐馆主,他于1929年建立了霍华德·约翰逊餐馆,汽车旅馆联营组织〔test〕"A test of democratic government is how Congress and the president work together"(Haynes Johnson)“对民主政府的一个评价依据是看议会和总统如何互相协调工作”(海恩斯·约翰逊)〔tempered〕"prepare the country to expect hard choices and to appreciate tempered values and moderation in private and public life"(Haynes Johnson)“让国家准备着去期待艰难的选择、去欣赏温和的价值和在个人和公众生活中的节制”(海恩斯·约翰逊)〔Johnson〕American writer and educator who was a founder and secretary (1916-1930) of the NAACP. His books includeThe Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man (1912). 约翰逊,詹姆斯·韦尔顿:(1871-1938) 美国作家、教育家,他创建了美国有色人种协进会并任理事(1916-1930年)。他的著作包括《一个曾被叫做有色人种的自传》 (1912年) 〔tire〕"When a man is tired of London,he is tired of life" (Samuel Johnson). “当一个人厌倦了伦敦的时候,他也厌倦了生活” (萨缪尔·约翰逊)。〔accumulation〕"Little things grew by continual accumulation"(Samuel Johnson)“小东西也会因积累而增加”(塞缪尔·约翰逊)〔Johnsonian〕Of, resembling, or relating to Samuel Johnson or his writings.约翰逊的:塞缪尔·约翰逊或其作品的,似约翰逊文体的,与约翰逊或其作品有关的〔copious〕"I found our speech copious without order, and energetic without rules"(Samuel Johnson)“我发现我们的语言冗长而缺乏条理,有力但没有规范”(塞缪尔·约翰逊)〔Johnson〕Vice President of the United States (1837-1841) under Martin Van Buren.约翰逊,理查德·门托:(1780-1850) 马丁·范·布伦任内的美国副总统(1837-1841年)〔tension〕"the continuing, and essential, tension between two of the three branches of government, judicial and legislative"(Haynes Johnson)“在政府、司法和立法这三支力量的两支之间的持续而基本的平衡”(海恩斯·约翰逊)〔Johnson〕American architect who designed the New York State Theater at Lincoln Center (1964) and the American Telephone and Telegraph Headquarters Building (1978), both in New York City.约翰逊,菲利普·科特尤:(生于 1906) 美国建筑师,设计了林肯中心的纽约州剧院(1964年)以及美国电话电报指挥大楼(1978年),生于纽约市〔Johnson〕American explorer and filmmaker. With her husband,Martin Johnson (1884-1937), she explored the South Seas and Africa. Their films include Jungle Adventures (1921) and Wonders of the Congo (1931). 约翰逊,奥萨·海伦·莱迪:(1894-1953) 美国探险家、制片商。她与丈夫马丁·约翰逊 (1884-1937年)一起考察了南太平洋及非洲。他们的影片包括 《丛林历险记》 (1921年)以及 《刚果奇观》 (1931年)等 〔Wright〕American architect whose distinctive style, based on natural forms, had a great influence on the modern movement in architecture. His designs include private homes, the Johnson Wax Company Building in Racine, Wisconsin (1939), and the Guggenheim Museum in New York City (1943-1959).莱特,弗兰克·劳埃德:(1869-1959) 美国建筑师,他基于自然形式的特殊建筑风格极大地影响了现代建筑业。他的设计包括私人住宅,在威斯康星州的拉辛市的约翰逊制腊公司办公大楼(1939年),和纽约的古根海姆博物馆(1943-1959年)〔plenty〕"fruitful regions gladdened by plenty and lulled by peace!”(Samuel Johnson)“由于繁荣而快乐,由于和平而平静的富饶地区!”(塞缪尔·约翰逊)〔attribute〕"We usually ascribe good; but impute evil" (Samuel Johnson). “我们经常归功于 好的东西; 但是归咎于 恶的东西” (塞缪尔·约翰逊)。〔Johnson〕British writer and lexicographer. The leading literary figure in the second half of the 18th century, he wroteDictionary of the English Language (1755) and Lives of the Poets (1779-1781). 约翰逊,塞缪尔:(1709-1784) 英国作家,辞书编纂者。他是18世纪下半叶最重要的文学界人物,著有《英语辞典》 (1755年)和 《诗人传记》 (1779-1781年) 〔Johnson〕First Lady of the United States (1963-1969) as the wife of President Lyndon Johnson. She directed a nationwide beautification project.约翰逊,克劳德·阿尔塔·泰勒:(生于 1912) 美国第一夫人(1963-1969年),林顿·约翰逊总统的妻子。她曾主持一个全国性美化工程〔Bailey〕British lexicographer whoseUniversal Etymological English Dictionary, first published in 1721, was used as a reference by Samuel Johnson and was the first English dictionary to treat etymology consistently. 贝利,内森:(卒于 1742) 英国词典编辑者,他的《世界词源英语词典》 首次出版于1721年,被塞缪尔·约翰逊用作参考书,它是第一本能连贯地论述词源学的英语词典 〔internecine〕In the first edition of theAmerican Heritage Dictionary 91 percent of the Usage Panel approved the use ofinternecine relating to internal struggle within a nation or organization that did not necessarily imply fatal or destructive conflict.The objection that had been overcome for most of the Panel was thatinternecine should imply such destruction because it came from the Latin wordinternecīnus, a variant ofinternecīvus, "fought to the death, murderous,” ultimately derived fromnecāre, "to kill.” Inter- in this compound is simply an intensive, supplying the notion of "all the way to" in the sense "fought to the death.”Internecine in English, first recorded in 1663, indeed meant "deadly, destructive,”but Samuel Johnson, inserting the word in his dictionary of 1755,thought thatinter- meant "mutual" and so defined it as "endeavoring mutual destruction.”This definition set the word incorrectly on its present course,and wheninternecine was further extended simply to mean "relating to internal struggle,” the original error was compounded.However, the point is that the meaning of words can be changed by mistakes and that mistaken meanings adhere to words.Only an occasional etymologist points out that the emperor's new clothes are patched.在美国经典辞书 第一版中, 百分之九十一的用法专题使用小组成员赞同internecine 与一个国家或组织内部的斗争有关, 但并不一定是致命的或有破坏性的冲突。为大多数小组成员说服的反对意见为internecine 应该暗指这种破坏, 因为它来源于拉丁词internecinus , 是internecivus 的变体,意为“战至死亡的,谋杀的”, 它最终来源于意为“杀害”的necare 。 在这个复合词中inter- 只是简单的一个强调成分, 在“战至死亡的”这个意义上加上“一直”这个概念。在英语中internecine 最早记载于1663年, 确实意味着“致死的,破坏性的”,但是塞缪尔·约翰逊在其1755年的字典中插入此词,认为inter- 意为“共同的”, 并且将它定义为“竭力造成共同破坏的”。这个定义造成此词今日用法的不准确,而且当internecine 更进一步被简单地引申为“关于内部斗争的”时, 其起源的错误就加重了。但是,重要的是词的意思被错误改变并且为错误意思所追随。只有偶尔的一个词源学家指出“皇帝的新衣服打满补丁”〔Field〕American jurist who served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1863-1897).菲尔德,斯蒂芬·约翰逊:(1816-1899) 美国法律专家,1863-1897年曾任美国最高法院陪审法官〔honesty〕"Integrity without knowledge is weak and useless, and knowledge without integrity is dangerous and dreadful" (Samuel Johnson).“没有知识的正直感软弱而无用,缺乏正直感的知识危险而可怕” (萨缪尔·约翰逊)。〔negotiate〕"It is difficult to negotiate where neither will trust"(Samuel Johnson)“双方彼此不信任便很难进行协商”(塞缪尔·约翰逊)〔McNamara〕American public official who served as U.S. secretary of defense (1961-1968) during the Kennedy and Johnson administrations.麦克纳马拉,罗伯特·斯特兰奇:(生于 1916) 美国公务官员,曾在肯尼迪和约翰逊任总统期间担任国防部长(1961-1968年)〔Pasadena〕A city of southeast Texas, an industrial suburb of Houston. The Lyndon B. Johnson Manned Space Center is nearby. Population, 119,363.帕萨迪纳:美国得克萨斯州东南部一座城市,是休斯顿的工业郊区。林登B·约翰逊载人航空中心在其附近。人口119,363〔Boswell〕Scottish lawyer, diarist, and writer renowned as the biographer of Samuel Johnson.波斯维尔,詹姆斯:(1740-1795) 苏格兰律师、日记作家和作家,因所写的萨缪尔·约翰逊传记而再度扬名〔Sorensen〕American writer and public official who served as a special counsel to Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson (1961-1964). Among his works areDecision-Making in the White House (1963) and The Kennedy Legacy (1969). 苏润生,狄奥多尔:(生于 1928) 美国作家和政府官员,他是美国总统约翰·F·肯尼迪及林敦·B·约翰逊(1961年-1964年)的特别顾问。他的作品有《白宫的决策》 (1963年)以及 《肯尼迪遗产》 (1969年) 〔Savage〕British poet who is best known as the subject of Samuel Johnson's short biographyAccount of the Life of Mr. Richard Savage (1744). 萨维奇,理查德:(1697?-1743) 英国诗人,以成为塞缪尔·约翰逊的短篇传记《理查德·萨维奇先生生活琐记》 (1744年)的主角而广为人知 〔Johnson〕Swedish writer whose works, notably four semiautobiographical novels collectively titledNovels of Olaf (1934-1937), concern his impoverished youth and sociopolitical issues. He shared the 1974 Nobel Prize for literature. 约翰逊,埃温德:(1900-1976) 瑞典作家,他最重要的作品是合称为《奥拉夫的小说》 (1934-1937年)的四部半自传性小说,他的作品涉及到他贫困的青年时期以及社会政治问题。1974年获得诺贝尔文学奖 〔incite〕"Commonly, though not always, we exhort to good actions, we instigate to ill" (Samuel Johnson).“通常,尽管并不总是,我们规劝 人们做好事, 又怂勇人们 做坏事” (萨缪尔·约翰逊)。〔Arnauld〕French Jansenist theologian and Cartesian philosopher who co-authored thePort-Royale Logic with Pierre Nicole (1625-1695) in 1662. 阿诺,安托万:法国约翰逊主义神学家和笛卡尔派哲学家,1662年与皮尔尼古拉斯(1625-1695年)合着《皇家港逻辑》 〔certain〕a certain Ms. Johnson.一位约翰逊女士〔Johnson〕American publisher who founded a number of magazines, includingEbony (1945). 约翰逊,约翰·哈罗德:(生于 1918) 美国出版商,他创办了数家杂志,其中包括《乌木》 (1945年) 〔task〕"A man ought to read just as inclination leads him;for what he reads as a task will do him little good" (Samuel Johnson).“一个人应去读他想读的东西;因为被他当作一种任务来读的东西对他增益甚小” (塞缪尔·约翰逊)。〔Piozzi〕British writer whose booksAnecdotes of the Late Samuel Johnson (1786) and Letters to and from the Late Samuel Johnson (1788) recount her friendship with the famed lexicographer. 皮奥齐,赫思特·林奇:(1741-1821) 英国作家,她的作品《已故塞缪尔·约翰逊博士的生活轶事》 (1786年)和 《已故塞缪尔·约翰逊博士的书信》 (1788年)记述了她与这位著名的辞典编撰家的友情 〔voluntary〕"Ignorance, when it is voluntary, is criminal" (Samuel Johnson).“当自愿的时候愚昧就是犯罪” (塞缪尔·约翰逊)。〔estimate〕"While an author is yet living we estimate his powers by his worst performance"(Samuel Johnson)“当一个作家还活着时,我们是以他最差的作品来评断他的影响力”(塞缪尔·约翰逊) |
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