| 单词 | 组合 |
| 释义 | 〔block〕A small wooden or plastic cube used as a building toy:积木：用于组合玩具的木制或塑料制的小方块：〔miscellaneous〕Mixed suggests a combination of differing but not necessarily conflicting elements: Mixed 暗示着一种由不同但不一定是互相对立的因素构成的组合： 〔Corea〕American jazz pianist and composer whose early recordings with Miles Davis' group (1968-1970) contributed to the development of jazz-fusion.可瑞尔，阿曼多．安东尼：美国爵士乐钢琴家和作曲家。早期与迈尔斯·戴维斯组合（1968年-1970年）的专辑致力于爵士摇滚乐的发展〔amphibole〕Any of a large group of structurally similar hydrated double silicate minerals, such as hornblende, containing various combinations of sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and aluminum.角闪石：一大类结构相似的水合双硅酸盐矿石，如角闪石，包含各种钠、钙、镁、铁和铝的组合〔phalanstery〕The buildings in such a community.社会共同组合会会馆：在那种社会里的建筑〔gang〕gang several pages onto one printing plate.把几张纸组合在同一个印刷版上〔conjugation〕A presentation of the complete set of inflected forms of a verb.变形：一个动词的一系列的变形组合〔syntagmatic〕Of or relating to the relationship between linguistic units in a construction or sequence, as between the (n) and adjacent sounds innot, ant, and ton. The identity of a linguistic unit within a language is described by a combination of its syntagmatic and its paradigmatic relations. 结构段的，语段的：语言单位在句法结构或顺序上有关系的或与其相关的，如not, ant 和 ton 中的(n)与相邻发音。语言中语言单位特性可描述为其句法结构与词形变化关系的组合 〔moment〕 Jiffy andflash occur principally in combinations preceded by in a; in a jiffy means in a short space of time,whilein a flash suggests the almost imperceptible duration of a flash of light: Jiffy 和flash 主要出现在前面有 in a；in a jiffy 的组合词里， 用来指短暂的时间，而in a flash 指一闪或一亮的、几乎难以察觉到的时间持续： 〔hypereutectic〕Having the minor component present in a larger amount than in the eutectic composition of the same components.过晶的，过低熔的：有大量的小组元，而不是同种组元的共晶组合〔selection〕A carefully chosen or representative collection of people or things.See Synonyms at choice 精选品，精英：从一群人或一些物品中仔细挑选出的或具有代表性的组合 参见 choice〔mixture〕These nouns refer to a combination produced by mixing.这些名词是指通过混合产生的组合。〔majority〕When it refers to a group of persons or things that are in the majority,it may take either a singular or plural verb,depending on whether the group is considered as a whole or as a set of people considered individually.So we sayThe majority elects (not elect ) the candidate it wants (not they want ), since the election is accomplished by the group as a whole;butThe majority of the voters live (not lives ) in the city, since living in the city is something that each voter does individually. ·Majority is often preceded by great (but not by greater ) in expressing emphatically the sense of "most of": 当它是指处于多数地位的一组人或事物时，其动词既可以用单数也可以用复数，取决于把这个集体当作一个整体来看待还是当作个别的人的组合。所以我们说大多数人选举了 （不用 elect ) 他们所想要的候选人 （不用 they want )， 因为选举是由一个作为整体的群体所完成的；但是大多数投票者住在 （不用 lives ) 市区， 因为住在城市里是每个投票人作为个人所做的事情。Majority 的前面往往加一个 great （但是不加 greater )， 用来强调指出“大多数”的含义： 〔coordinate〕To form a pleasing combination; match:形成赏心悦目的组合；相配：〔make〕To form by assembling individuals or constituents:集成：把个体或成份组合而形成：〔tumbleset〕The Lower Southern wordtumbleset for somersault combines tumble with -set, which at first glanceseems not to have any relationship to-sault in somersault. However,-set is an old l -less variant of -sault (from Latin saltus, "a leap") that has been an alternative pronunciation throughout the word's history;hence, the variantsomerset. Somer- is an alteration of Old French sobre-, from Latin supra, "over.” In the wordtumbleset, as in a folk etymology, somer-, part of a compound word that no longer bears any meaning for the speakers, has been replaced bytumble, a word that makes more sense in the context. 替代somersault 一词的下南部词 tumbleset 是 tumble 和 -set 的组合。 乍一看，后缀-set好象与somersaut 中的 -sault 毫无联系。 然而，-set 却是不带 l 的 -sault （来自拉丁语 saltus ，“跳跃”，）的古老变体， 并一直是该词的替代读音；于是便有了somerset 这一变体。 somer- 是来自拉丁语 supra （“越过”）的古法语 sobre- 的变体。 就象在通俗语源学中一样，在tumbleset 一词中， somer- 作为不再为讲话者表达任何意义的复合词的一部分， 已经被一个在上下之中有更多意义的词tumble 所替代 〔hardly〕The use ofhardly with a negative is avoided in Standard English. Some critics have been puzzled that adverbs such ashardly, rarely, and scarcely should be treated as negatives in the traditional strictures against double negation, which tars sentences likeI couldn't hardly see him with the same brush as I didn't get none. After all, they argue, the sentenceMary hardly laughed entails that Mary did laugh, not that she didn't,and therefore does not express a negative proposition.Buthardly and scarcely occur with other negative expressions in a number of ways. For one thing, they combine with items such asany and at all, which are characteristically associated with negative contexts: we sayI hardly saw him at all or I never saw him at all but notI occasionally saw him at all; we sayI hardly had any time or I didn't have any time but notI had any time, and so on. Like other negative adverbs,hardly triggers inversion of the subject and auxiliary when it begins a sentence. Thus we sayHardly had I arrived when she left, on the pattern of Never have I read such a book or At no time has he condemned the movement. Such inversion is not used with other adverbs:we would not sayOccasionally has he addressed this question or To a slight degree have they changed their position. The fact is that adverbs such ashardly are semantically negative in that they qualify a state or an event relative to the limiting case of nonoccurrence.Thus the meaning ofhardly is, roughly, "almost not at all"; the meaning ofrarely is "practically never"; and so forth. These adverbs are felt to have a negative component in their meaning,and it should not be surprising that grammarians have reacted to combinations ofhardly with negatives in the same way that they have reacted to combinations of pairs of negatives such as not and none. See Usage Note at double negative ,rarely ,scarcely Hardly 和一个否定词在一起的用法在标准英语中应尽量避免， 一些批评学家一直怀疑象hardly，rarely 和 scarcely 这样的副词在传统的双重否定的句中应被视为否定词， 这样的词使句子象I couldn't hardly see him 和 I didn't get none 一样被弄糟了， 他们争论说，毕竟句子Mary hardly laughed 的意思是玛丽的确笑了， 而不是她没笑，所以不表示否定的建议。但是hardly 和 scarcely 和其他的否定表示一起在许多方面出现， 举例说，他们和象any 和 at all 这样独特的和否定上下文联系的条目组合在一起， 我们说I hardly saw him at all 或 I never saw him at all , 但并不是I occasionally saw him at all； 我们说I hardly had any time 或 I didn't have any time 但不是I had any time 等。 象其它否定副词，hardly 在句子开头时引起主语和助动词的倒装， 于是我们说Hardly had I arrived when she left， 和 Never have I read such a book 或 At no time has he condemned the movement. 等同样的句型。 别的副词并不用这样的倒装：我们不能说Occasionally has he addressed this question 或 To a slight degree have they changed their position 。 事实是象hardly 这样的副词语义上是否定的， 他们限定修饰了与不发生有关的状态或事件。于是hardly 的意思大概是“几乎根本不”； rarely 的意思大概是“实际上没有”；等等。 这些副词在他们的意思里留有否定的成分，语法学家们对hardly 和否定词组合的反应和对一对否定词如 not 和 none组合的反应一样是不足为奇的 参见 double negative,rarely,scarcely〔harmony〕Simultaneous combination of notes in a chord.和弦：一根弦上的音节同时发生的组合〔combinatorial〕Relating to the arrangement and manipulation of mathematical elements in sets.组合的：和一列数字的排列和运用有关的〔protein〕Any of a group of complex organic macromolecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually sulfur and are composed of one or more chains of amino acids. Proteins are fundamental components of all living cells and include many substances, such as enzymes, hormones, and antibodies, that are necessary for the proper functioning of an organism. They are essential in the diet of animals for the growth and repair of tissue and can be obtained from foods such as meat, fish, eggs, milk, and legumes.蛋白质：一种复杂的有机体大分子的组合，含有碳、氢、氧、氮，通常还有硫，由一个或多个氨基酸链构成蛋白质，是所有生命细胞的基本组成部分，它包含许多物质，比如酶、荷尔蒙和抗体，这些物质都是有机体正常活动所必需的，蛋白质是动物膳食的必需成份，对成长和组织发育至关重要，它可从肉类鱼、鸡蛋、牛奶和豆类食品中的摄取〔fifth〕The harmonic combination of the two tones constituting the extremities of such an interval.五度和音：含有这样的五度音程的末端的两个音调的和声组合〔formation〕A specified arrangement or deployment, as of troops.队形：军队等的特殊组合和排列〔pinochle〕The combination of the queen of spades and jack of diamonds in this game.此牌戏中的一种牌组：牌戏中，将红桃或黑桃皇后Q与方块J搭配组合〔octuplet〕A group or combination of eight associated by common properties or behavior.由八部分组成的事物：因共同特质或行为组成的八部分团体或组合〔multimedia〕The use of several mass media, such as television, radio, and print, especially for the purpose of advertising or publicity. Also called mixed media 多种媒体组合：多种大众传媒的使用，象电视、无线电和报纸的组合，特别是出于广告或宣传的目的 也作 mixed media〔class〕To arrange, group, or rate according to qualities or characteristics; assign to a class; classify.分类，定等级：把…按性质或特征排列、组合或评价；归于一个类别；分类〔reassemble〕To fit or joint the parts of (something) together again:重新装配：再一次地将（某物）的部件组合或装配起来：〔multimedia〕The combined use of several media, such as movies, slides, music, and lighting, especially for the purpose of education or entertainment.多媒体：多种媒体的联合使用，例如电影、幻灯片、音乐和照明的组合，尤其是出于教育或娱乐的目的〔harmony〕A combination of sounds considered pleasing to the ear.和谐：被认为悦耳的声音组合〔gauntlet〕In the first and second editions ofThe American Heritage Dictionary Usage Notes explained why the spelling gauntlet is acceptable for bothgauntlet 1 and gauntlet 2. Such has not always been the case.The story ofgauntlet 1, as into throw down the gauntlet, is unexciting: it comes from the Old French wordgantelet, a diminutive of gant, "glove.” From the time of its appearance in Middle English (in a work composed in 1449),the word has been spelled with anau as well as an a, still a possible spelling. But the othergauntlet, as into run the gauntlet, is an alteration of the earlier English formgantlope, which came from the Swedish wordgatlopp, a compound ofgata, "lane,” and lopp, "course.” The earliest recorded form of the English word,found in 1646,isgantelope, showing that alteration of the Swedish word had already occurred. The English word was then influenced by the spelling of the wordgauntlet, "glove,” and in 1676 we find the first recorded instance of the spellinggauntlet for this word, althoughgantelope is found as late as 1836. From then on spellings withau and a are both found. Theau seems to have won out, although one could say that thea is preferable because it reflects the Swedish source.In regard to a word that has been so altered in form,this seems a rather fine point.在第一和第二版的美国经典辞书 的用法说明解释了为什么拼写 gauntlet 是可接受的， 既对于gauntlet 1，又对于 gauntlet 2。 情况并不总是这样。gauntlet 1的故事， 如在拒绝挑战 中并不令人激动： 它来自于一法语老词gantelet ， gant 的小词缀“手套”。 自从它在中古英语出现之后（在1449年编的一著作中），这个词同au 的拼写已同 a 一样仍是可能的拼写形式。 但是另一个gauntlet ， 如在接受挑战 中， 是早期英语形式gantlope 的一个变体， 其来自于一瑞典词gatlopp ， gata “巷子”和 lopp “方向”的组合。 最早的这个英语单词的记录，出现于1646年，是gantelope ，表示这个瑞典单词的变体已出现。 这个英语单词然后被单词gauntlet “手套”的拼写所影响， 在1676年，我们发现了gauntlet 第一个有记录的例子， 尽管gantelope 直到1836年才发现。 此后，带有au 和 a 的拼写形式都被发现过。 au 似乎占优势， 尽管一个人可能说a 更好， 因它反映了瑞典语源。说到一个形式已发生了如此变化的单词，这似乎是个好建议〔freakish〕freakish weather; a freakish combination of styles.奇怪的天气；奇特风格的组合〔tonality〕The arrangement of all the tones and chords of a composition in relation to a tonic.（音乐的）调性：乐曲中相对于主音的所有音和和声的组合〔polyphone〕A written character or combination of characters having two or more phonetic values, such as the English lettera. 多音字母；多音符号：具有两种或更多音值的一个书面字母或几个字母的组合，如英语字母a 〔pada〕A unit of Sanskrit poetic meter consisting of a series of light and heavy syllables in any of various set combinations.句脚，句足：梵文诗歌音步的单位，由多种不同固定组合中的轻重音节系列组成〔nonet〕A combination of nine instruments or voices.九重奏（或唱）：九种乐器或声音的组合〔bouillabaisse〕A combination of various different, often incongruous elements:大杂烩：多种不同，通常是不调和元素的一种组合：〔octave〕Two tones eight diatonic degrees apart that are sounded together.八度和音：两个相差八度的音的和声组合〔miscellaneous〕The centerpiece is a luxuriant arrangement of assorted garden flowers. 中间部分是由不同的园林花卉构成的华丽组合 〔exocentric〕Of or relating to a group of syntactically related words, none of which is functionally equivalent to the function of the whole group. For example, none of the words in the phraseon the table is an adverb, yet they combine to form a phrase having adverbial function. 外向结构的，离心结构的：一群在语句构造上有关的字的或是与其相关的，其中的每一个字在功能上皆与该群文字整体的功能不相同，举例而言，on the table 词组中的文字都不是副词，可是它们所组合起来的词组却有副词的功能 〔constellation〕a constellation of demands ranging from better food to improved health care; a constellation of feelings about the divorce.一系列从更好的食物到改善保健的不同要求；离婚情感的组合 |
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