| 单词 | 结构上 |
| 释义 | 〔correlation〕A causal, complementary, parallel, or reciprocal relationship, especially a structural, functional, or qualitative correspondence between two comparable entities:相互关联：一种互为因果的、互相补充的、平行或互惠的关系，尤指结构上、功能上数量上两个可比方面之间的相应关系：〔cladding〕A protective or insulating layer fixed to the outside of a building or another structure.覆面：固定到一座建筑物或其它结构上的保护层或绝缘层〔shroud〕A similar supporting line for a smokestack or comparable structure.烟囱或类似结构上一种相似支撑绳〔construe〕To analyze the structure of (a clause or sentence).作句法分析：对（从句或句子）作结构上的分析〔system〕A group of physiologically or anatomically complementary organs or parts:系统：一组生理或结构上互补器官或部分：〔parallel〕In its mathematical usageparallel is an absolute term— two lines either do or do not intersect—and as such does not admit of qualification as to degree.Some grammarians have arguedthat this restriction should apply as well to nontechnical uses of the word.According to this logic,one may not sayThe two roads have been made more parallel, except perhaps as a loose way of saying what is rendered more precisely by expressions such asmore nearly parallel. Like the analogous objection that has been made to the comparison ofequal, the point betrays a misconception about the relation between mathematical concepts and their ordinary-language equivalents.Applied to objects in the world,parallel can only denote a rough approximation to a geometric ideal. A pair of rails or parked cars cannot be truly parallel in the mathematician's sense of the termbut only more or less so,just as a road or shelf cannot be truly straight in the geometric sensebut nonetheless may be described as very straight or relatively straight.The grammarians' compunctions make even less sense when applied to metaphorical uses ofparallel, as inThe difficulties faced by the Republicans are quite parallel to those that confronted the Democrats four years ago, in which the intended meaning has nothing to do with the possibility of intersectionbut instead suggests the structural correspondence of two distinct situations.In this sense, parallelism is clearly a matter of degreeand the wordparallel can be modified accordingly. See Usage Note at equal ,perfect ,unique 在数学用法中，parallel 是一个绝对的表达法—— 两条线要么相交，要么就不相交——它既没有限定性也没有程度差别。一些语法学家曾提出，这种限制也应该适用于该词在非科技方面的用法，按照这种逻辑，人们不能说这两条路已被修得更加平行了， 除非作为用例如更接近于平行 这样的表达方法更精确地表示的东西的不够精确的说出方法。 象对equal 的比较所做的类似反对一样， 这个观点使数学概念与普通用语中等价词之间的关系引起误解。当运用到世间的实物时，parellel 仅能指与几何理想状态大致接近的状况。 一对铁轨或停放的车辆不可能按数学家对于这个术语的理解来真正地相互并行，而不过是大致平行而已，正如公路和架子不可能是真正几何意义上的笔直，但仍可被描绘成很直的或相对而言的笔直。在用到parallel 的比喻用法时，语法学家的不安就更显得意义不大了， 例如：共和党人所面临的重重困难与四年前民主党人遇到的困难十分相似， 在这句话中，该词的引申意义与相交的可能性毫无关系，然而它暗指了两种不同情况结构上的一致。在此意义上，相似性明显是程度的问题，相应地，parallel 一词也能被其它词限定修饰了。 参见 equal,perfect,unique〔kiosk〕The lowly kiosk where one buys a newspaper or on which one posts advertisements is like a child in a fairy tale who though raised by humble parents is really the descendant of kings.The wordkiosk was originally taken into English ultimately from Turkish, in which its sourceköshk meant "pavilion.” The open structures referred to by the Turkish word were used as pavilions and summerhouses in Turkey and Persia.The first recorded use ofkiosk in English (1625) has reference to these Middle Eastern structures, which Europeans imitated in their own gardens and parks. In France and Belgium,where the Turkish word had also been borrowed,their wordkiosque was applied to something lower on the scale, structures resembling these pavilions but used as places to sell newspapers or as bandstands. England borrowed this lowly structure from Franceand reborrowed the word,which is first recorded in 1865with reference to a place where newspapers are sold.用来购买报纸或张贴广告的普通的凉亭好像是神话故事中尽管由地位低下的父母抚养但确实是国王后代的儿童一样，单词kiosk 收入英文的起源最早是土耳其语， 土耳其语中它的出处koshk 意为“大帐篷”。 在土耳其语中开敞的建筑物用来作为土耳其和波斯的帐篷和凉亭。英语中最早记录的kiosk 的使用（1625年）参照于欧洲人在他们自己的花园和公园中仿制的中东式建筑。 在法国和比利时，这个土耳其语单词也被借用，它们的单词kiosque 适用于结构上类似于这些凉亭，但规模上比较矮，用作卖报纸的场所或室外音乐台的建筑。 英国从法国引进了这种普通建筑，并且重新引入了这个单词，它的最早记载是在1865年，与卖报纸的场所有关〔unifoliolate〕Compound in structure but having a single leaflet, as the leaf of a citrus plant.（复叶）具一小叶的：结构上是复合的，但有单一小叶，如柑橘类植物的叶子〔constructive〕Of or relating to construction; structural.结构的：构筑的或与构筑有关的；结构上的〔cure〕remedy a structural defect. 补救结构上的缺陷 〔wire〕A usually pliable metallic strand or rod made in many lengths and diameters, sometimes clad and often electrically insulated, used chiefly for structural support or to conduct electricity.金属丝，金属线：有各种长度和直径的通常易弯的金属制的线或条，有时有包层、通常绝缘，主要用于结构上的支撑或输送电流〔loose〕Not compact or dense in arrangement or structure:不紧密的：安排上或结构上不紧密的或不密集的：〔papery〕Resembling paper, as in thickness or texture.如纸的：如在厚薄或结构上像纸一样的〔blemish〕 Defect denotes a serious functional or structural shortcoming: Defect 意味严重的功能或结构上的不足： 〔honeycomb〕Something resembling this structure in configuration or pattern.蜂窝状物：在外形或结构上类似这种构造的东西〔descent〕Development in form or structure during transmission from an original source.发展：演化的过程中在形式或结构上的发展〔feathery〕Resembling or suggestive of a feather, as in form or lightness.似羽毛的：结构上或轻度上象羽毛的，使人联想起羽毛的〔idiom〕The specific grammatical, syntactic, and structural character of a given language.特别语言现象：某种语言中特别的语法、句式和结构上的特点〔xeromorphic〕Of or relating to any of the structural adaptations characteristic of xerophytes, such as water-storing stems or leaves.旱生植物的：在形态结构上具有旱生植物特性的或与其相关的，如贮水的茎杆或叶子〔backpack〕A knapsack, often mounted on a lightweight frame, that is worn on a person's back, as to carry camping supplies.背包：一种背在背上的通常安装在轻量结构上的背包，用来带一些野营的必需品〔geranial〕A structural isomer of citral that is obtained from the oxidation of geraniol.香叶醛：由香叶醇氧化得到的柠檬酸的结构上的同质异构体〔drum〕Something resembling a drum in shape or structure, especially a barrellike metal container or a metal cylinder wound with cable, wire, or heavy rope.鼓状物：形状或结构上象鼓的东西，尤指桶状金属容器或缠满电缆、电线或粗绳的金属圆柱〔hologamous〕Of or relating to an organism whose germ cells morphologically resemble its somatic cells.全配子的：属于或有关体细胞和胚细胞结构上相似的有机体的〔superficial〕A cursory inspection of the house failed to reveal its structural flaws. 对房子粗略的检查未能发现它结构上的问题 〔attic〕From Attic story [story of a building enclosed by one decorative structure placed above another, much taller decorative structure, usually involving the Attic order, an architectural order having square columns of any of the basic five orders] 源自 Attic story [房屋中紧挨装饰结构的一层，位于另一较高装饰结构上，通常包括古典式样，即五个基本柱式都是方形柱的式样] 〔kinin〕Any of various structurally related polypeptides, such as bradykinin, that act locally to induce vasodilation and contraction of smooth muscle.激肽：一种结构上相关的多肽，例如缓激肽，能够局部地导致血管扩张和平滑肌的收缩〔branch〕The central meaning shared by these nouns is "something resembling or structurally analogous to a limb of a tree": 这些名词的中心意思都是“象或结构上类似于树枝的东西”： 〔monstrous〕Deviating greatly from the norm in appearance or structure; abnormal.畸形的：外表上或结构上十分不正常的；畸形的〔diverticulum〕A pouch or sac branching out from a hollow organ or structure, such as the intestine.憩室，支囊，膨部：从肠之类的中空器官或结构上分支出来的袋或囊〔Byzantine〕Of or belonging to the style of architecture developed from the fifth centurya.d. in the Byzantine Empire, characterized by a central dome resting on a cube formed by four round arches and their pendentives and by the extensive use of surface decoration, especially veined marble panels, low relief carving, and colored glass mosaics. 具有拜占庭风格的：公元 5世纪在拜占庭帝国发展起来的建筑风格的，这种建筑风格的主要特征是在由四个圆拱及其三角穹隆形成的立方体结构上有一中心圆顶，且在建筑物表面上大量装饰，特别是在大理石方格上镂出纹理、塑出低度浮雕以及用彩色玻璃镶嵌 |
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