| 单词 | 给出 |
| 释义 | 〔ephemeris〕A table giving the coordinates of a celestial body at a number of specific times during a given period.星历表：一张给出一定时期内一个天体在一些特定时间的坐标的表〔drudge〕"Out here on the Chesapeake,they call it ‘drudging for arsters,’”says Charles Kuralt in his bookOn the Road with Charles Kuralt. The standard English verbdredge is pronounced with a centralized vowel by Chesapeake Bay oyster fishermen, yielding drudge. Drudge in turn has been picked up by city dwellers on the Delmarva Peninsula;a survey of some young people from Baltimore revealed thatthey did not even know that there was a standard English verbdredge. Kuralt gives the regional pronunciation a whimsical folk etymology with the standard meaning ofdrudge, "to do tedious, menial, or unpleasant work,” observing, "Whatever you do for a living, it's not as hard as ‘drudging for arsters.’”在切萨皮克湾那边，他们把它称之为“为捕虾做苦工，”查尔斯·库洛特在他的与查尔斯·库洛特同游 一书中谈及。 标准英语动词dredge ，在发音时其元音被切萨皮克湾捕虾渔民发成中元音，随后产生 drudge。 Drudge 又被德尔马瓦半岛一城市居民吸收；对来自巴尔的摩的一部分年轻人的调查表明，他们甚至不知道有一个标准英语动词dredge 。 对具有标准含义的drudge “做单调、卑贱或无趣工作”，库洛特给出了一个稀奇古怪的民俗语源， 他说道，“无论你以何谋生，再没有比捕虾做的工更苦的了”〔depose〕To give a deposition; testify.宣誓证明：宣誓后给出证词；证明〔memory〕After a few minutes' recollection she produced the answer.经过几分钟的回想，她给出了答案。〔outline〕To give the main features or various aspects of; summarize:概述：给出…的主要特征或…的各个方面；概括：〔opinion〕A judgment based on special knowledge and given by an expert:鉴定，专家的意见：在专门知识的基础上专家所给出的判断：〔logogriph〕A word puzzle, such as an anagram or one in which clues are given in a set of verses.字谜：用字出的谜语，如变位字或通过一系例诗句给出线索的谜〔respond〕To give as a reply; answer.应答；回答：作为一个答复给出；回答〔creationism〕The position that the account of the creation of the universe given at the beginning of the Bible is literally true.特创论，创世论：认为《圣经》篇首给出的创造宇宙的叙述是真实无误的学说〔witness〕One who furnishes evidence.证人：给出证据的人〔threaten〕To give signs or warning of; portend.预示：给出征兆或警告；预示〔smack〕To give an indication; be suggestive. Often used withof : 暗含：给出暗示；暗示。常与of 连用： 〔waybill〕A document giving details and instructions relating to a shipment of goods.运货单：给出有关船运细节和要求的文件〔rebut〕To present opposing evidence or arguments.驳斥：出示给出相反的证据或论据〔bespeak〕To be or give a sign of; indicate.See Synonyms at indicate 说明，指示：表示或给出指示；说明 参见 indicate〔veto〕An official document or message from a chief executive stating the reasons for rejection of a bill.否决理由书：由主行政官给出的一份官方文件或者咨文，表明反对议案的原因〔presentee〕One to whom something is given.受赠者，收礼者：某物被给出的人〔argue〕To give evidence of; indicate:给出…证据；指出：〔feel〕"gives such disparate pictures . . . a crazily convincing documentary feel"(Stephen King)“给出这样绝望的画面…一种疯狂而又有说服力的纪实感”(斯蒂芬·金)〔pledger〕One who makes or gives a pledge.抵押者：作出或给出抵押的人〔compensation〕Something, such as money, given or received as payment or reparation, as for a service or loss.赔偿：作为支付或补偿给出或接受的某物（例如金钱），如对服务或损失〔spare〕To give or grant out of one's resources; afford:提供：给出或耗尽某人的资源；付出：〔induction〕Presentation of material, such as facts or evidence, in support of an argument or a proposition.引证：给出支持论点或观点的材料，如事实或证据〔tell〕To give evidence; inform:告诉：给出证据；通知：〔dare〕The auxiliary forms are used primarily in present tense questions, negations, imperatives, and conditional clauses.These forms differ subtly in meaning from the main verb formsin that they emphasize the attitude or involvement of the speakerwhile the main verb forms present a more objective situation.ThusHow dare she take the exam without ever once coming to class? expresses indignation at the student's action, whereasHow did she dare to take the exam without ever once coming to class? is a genuine request for information. Whendare is used as a transitive verb meaning "challenge,” only main verb forms are possible andto is required: 助动词形式主要用于一般现在时疑问句、否定句、祈使句和条件从句中。这些形式和实义动词形式的意思有细微的差别，即他们强调说话者的态度和参与，而实义动词形式给出一个较客观的形势。因此她怎么敢从未上过课就参加考试呢? 表示对该学生行为的愤怒， 然而她从未上过课怎么敢参加考试呢? 是一真实的信息需求， 当dare 用作及物动词意指“挑战”时， 只能是实义动词形式而且要接to ： 〔dispense〕To prepare and give out (medicines).配（药）：准备并给出（药）〔arbitrate〕Latin arbitrārī arbitrāt- [to give judgment] 拉丁语 arbitrārī arbitrāt- [给出判决] 〔circumstantiate〕To set forth or verify with circumstances; give detailed proof or description of.用细节来陈述或证明；给出详细的证明或描述〔fourth〕A tone four degrees above or below a given tone in a diatonic scale.第四音级：自然音阶中高于或低于一给出音调四度的音调〔witness〕One who can give a firsthand account of something seen, heard, or experienced:目击者，见证人：能够给出有关看到、听到或经历的事件的第一手描述的人：〔display〕To give evidence of; manifest.证明：给出…的证据；表明〔mirror〕Something that faithfully reflects or gives a true picture of something else.镜子（比喻义）：能真实反映另外事物的情况和给出一个真实的画面的物体〔distort〕To give a false or misleading account of; misrepresent.曲解，歪曲，误传：给出假象或使人迷惑的原因；误传〔retouch〕To give or make retouches.给出或做出润饰或修正〔shape〕Something, such as a mold or pattern, used to give or determine form.式样：用来给出或确定形式的某物，例如模子或式样〔upgrade〕To exchange a possession for one of greater value or quality; trade up.以旧货换高价新货：换回比所给出的财物价值或质量更高的东西；以一物折价换进同类中较贵的事物〔rebid〕To offer a revised bid for (a contract).改叫：对（某契约）给出一个更改价钱〔caterpillar〕It seems that the larvae of moths and butterflies are popularly seen as resembling other, larger animals.Consider the Italian dialect wordgatta, "cat, caterpillar"; the German dialect termtüfelskatz, "caterpillar" (literally "devil's cat"); the French wordchenille, "caterpillar" (from a Vulgar Latin diminutive, .canīcula, of canis, "dog"); and last but not least,our own wordcaterpillar, which appears probably to have come through Northern French from the Old French termchatepelose, meaning literally "hairy cat.”Our wordcaterpillar is first recorded in English in 1440 in the formcatyrpel. Catyr, the first part of catyrpel, may indicate the existence of an English word.cater, meaning "tomcat,”otherwise attested only incaterwaul. Cater would be cognate with Middle High German kater and Dutch kater. The latter part ofcatyrpel seems to have become associated with the word piller, "plunderer.” By giving the variant spelling -ar, Johnson's Dictionary set the spelling caterpillar with which we are familiar today. 似乎蛾子和蝴蝶的幼虫经常会被看成与其它较大动物相似。意大利方言中gatta， 一字，“猫，毛虫”； 日耳曼方言中tüfelskatz 一字“毛虫”（直译为“邪恶的猫”）； 法语词chenille， “毛虫”（来自民间拉丁语小词缀， canicula， 源自 canis ，是“狗”的意思）； 最后但并非不重要的一点，英语中caterpillar 一词， 可能是来源于从法国北部传来的古法语词汇chatepelose， 字面意思是“多毛的猫”。caterpillar 一字于1440年最早记录在英语中， 以catyrpel的形式出现。 Catyr是 catyrpel 的第一部分， 可能指明英语词cater 的存在， 意指“雄猫”，否则只能存在于caterwaul一词中。 Cater可能与中世纪高地德语 kater 和荷兰语 kater 有关。 catyrpel 一词的后一部分似乎与 piller 一词有关，意思是“强盗”。 约翰逊的词典 给出了不同的拼写- ar， 从而形成了我们今天所熟悉的 caterpillar 〔poke〕Apig in a poke is concealed in a sack from the buyer. The nounpoke —meaning a bag or sack—dates from the 14th century in English. In many parts of Scotlandpoke means a little paper bag for carrying purchases or a cone-shaped piece of paper for an ice-cream cone. TheOxford English Dictionary gives similar forms in other languages: Icelandicpoki, Gaelic poc or poca, and French poche. Pouchand pocket are undoubtedly cognates. 一只袋子里的猪 被藏于一只麻袋中而不让买主看到。 poke 这个名词——意为一个包或袋子——在英语中可追溯到14世纪。 在苏格兰的许多地方，poke 指用来携带商品的一个小纸包或用来包冰淇淋卷的一张锥形纸片。 牛津英语词典 给出了该词在其它语言中的近似形式： 冰岛语中的poki ，盖耳语中的 poc 或 poca 和法语中的 poche。 Pouch和 pocket 无疑是同源词 〔example〕provided an illustration of the word in context;在上下文中给出这个词的例证； |
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