| 单词 | 绰号 |
| 释义 | 〔sobriquet〕An affectionate or humorous nickname.绰号：亲切的或幽默的绰号〔hick〕a nickname for Richard Richard的绰号 〔dobby〕nickname for Robert Robert的绰号 〔jockey〕nickname for John John的绰号 〔billy〕nickname for William William的绰号 〔label〕A descriptive term; an epithet.描述词：一个描述性的词语；绰号〔Paddy〕Nickname for Irish Gaelic Pádraig [Patrick] 爱尔兰盖尔语 Pádraig的绰号 [帕特里克] 〔jackanapes〕From Middle English Jack Napis [nickname of William de la Pole, Fourth Earl and First Duke of Suffolk (1396-1450)] 源自 中古英语 Jack Napis [萨福克一等公爵和四等伯爵，威廉·德·拉·波罗的绰号] 〔dobbin〕nickname for Robert Robert的绰号 〔hobby〕nickname for Robert Robert的绰号 〔Wayne〕American Revolutionary general who was involved in numerous campaigns, including the Battles of Brandywine (1777) and Monmouth (1778). His seizure of Stony Point, a British defense post (1779), displayed the tactical audacity that gave rise to his nickname.韦恩，安东尼：(1745-1796) 美国独立战争将领，参加了很多战役，包括布兰迪万河战役(1777年）和蒙茅斯战役(1778年）。他对在英军防守地斯托尼波因特的夺取中(1779年）表现了战术上的大胆，也由此博得了他的绰号〔lindy〕nickname of Charles Augustus Lindbergh 查尔斯·奥古斯都 Lindbergh的绰号〔Tony〕nickname of Antoinette Perry 安托瓦妮特 Perry的绰号〔nelly〕nickname for Helen Helen的绰号 〔epithet〕Strictly speaking,an epithet need not be derogatory,but the term is commonly used as a simple synonym for "term of abuse" or "slur,”as in the sentenceThere is no place for racial epithets in a police officer's vocabulary. This usage is accepted by 80 percent of the Usage Panel.严格来讲，绰号不应是贬义的，但此词一般用作“骂人的称呼”或“污辱”的同义词，如在下句中在一名警官的词汇中不应有粗俗的话。 这种用法被用法使用小组百分之八十的人接受〔Hymie〕nickname for Hyman Hyman的绰号 〔ninon〕nickname for Anne Anne的绰号 〔doll〕The worddoll has come up in the world, at least if up means moving from the backstairs to the nursery. Doll andDolly were originally nicknames for Dorothy. Doll, along with other names likeJill and Nan, took on the generic sense of "a mistress,” so we have Shakespeare's Doll Tearsheet and Ben Jonson's Doll Common.This association probably caused the nameDorothy to go out of use temporarily, about the time near the beginning of the 18th century when we finddoll first recorded for a child's toy. Doll came to refer to larger beings again,however, for in the latter part of the 18th century it was once more applied to women,this time to pretty, empty-headed women. Doll has gone on to more general applications,and a man can be a doll as well.单词doll 的出现就象 up ，表示从后楼梯到育儿室一样。 Doll 或Dolly 起初都是 Dorothy的绰号。 Doll 与Jill 和 Nan 一样有一个通用的意思：“主妇”， 所以我们就有莎士比亚的Doll Tearsheet和班·琼生的Doll Common。这种联系可能使Dorothy 一词在18世纪初暂时废弃， 在18世纪初我们发现把doll 指作儿童玩具的首次记载。 Doll 又进而开始指较大范围的人类，然而，18世纪后期该词更多地用来指妇女，这次是指漂亮而无头脑的女人。 Doll 现在的应用更广了，男人也可以是doll了〔fanny〕a nickname for Frances Frances的绰号 〔hob〕From Middle English Hob [a nickname for Robert] 源自 中古英语 Hob [罗伯特的绰号] 〔cynic〕A cynic may be pardoned for thinking that this is a dog's life.The Greek wordkunikos, from which cynic comes, was originally an adjective meaning "doglike,” fromkuōn, "dog.” The word was most likely applied to the Cynic philosophers because of the nicknamekuōn given to Diogenes of Sinope, the prototypical Cynic. He is said to have performed such actions as barking in public, urinating on the leg of a table, and masturbating on the street.The first use of the word recorded in English, in a work published from 1547 to 1564, is in the plural for members of this philosophical sect.In 1596 we find the first instance ofcynic meaning "faultfinder,” a sense that was to develop into our modern sense.The meaning "faultfinder" came naturally from the behavior of countless Cynics who in their pursuit of virtue pointed out the flaws in others.Such faultfinding could lead quite naturally to the belief associated with cynics of today that selfishness determines human behavior.犬儒学派成员因认为这是狗的生命而可能被赦免。希腊词kunikos 是 cynic 的来源， 最初为形容词，意思是“似狗”，源自kuon “狗”，。 这个词最适用于犬儒派哲学家，因为给犬儒主义者的鼻祖的绰号是kuon 。 据说他曾经当众吼叫，在桌腿上小便，并且在街上手淫。这个词在一本1547到1564年出版的著作里首次用英语记录下来的用法是，用作复数来指代此哲学学派的成员。1596年，我们发现cynic 的第一个意思是吹毛求疵的人的例子， 也是发展成具有我们现代意义的含义。 “吹毛吹疵的人”这个意思是从无数个以追求指摘别人缺点为美德的犬儒主义者的行为而得来。这种指摘很自然地得出与现在的犬儒主义相联系的信仰，认为自私自利决定人类行为〔name〕Cognomen is frequently used as the equivalent of a first name or a surname or often a nickname: Cognomen 通常用作与第一个名字、姓或绰号的相等物： 〔rube〕nickname for Reuben Reuben的绰号 〔cognomen〕A name, especially a descriptive nickname or epithet acquired through usage over a period of time.See Synonyms at name 绰号：名，尤指一描述性的绰号或因一段时间的习惯而得的诨名 参见 name〔cuddy〕nickname for Cuthbert Cuthbert的绰号 〔mick〕nickname for Michael Michael的绰号 〔tom〕nickname for Thomas Thomas的绰号 〔pasquinade〕after Pasquino , nickname given to a statue in Rome, Italy, on which lampoons were posted 源自 Pasquino ，意大利罗马一雕像的绰号，在其上贴有讽刺文 〔tycoon〕Business tycoons may consider themselves captains or even princes of industry,but by virtue of being calledtycoons, they have already achieved princely status,at least from an etymological point of view.Tycoon came into English from Japanese, which had borrowed the title, meaning "great prince,” from Chinese.Use of the word was intended to make the shogun,the commander in chief of the Japanese army, more impressive to foreigners (his official titleshōgun merely meant "general"). In fact, the shogun actually ruled Japan,although he was supposedly acting for the emperor.When Matthew C. Perry opened Japan to the West in 1854,he negotiated with the shogun, thinking him to be the emperor.The shogun's title,taikun, was brought back to the United States after Perry's visit.Abraham Lincoln's cabinet members usedtycoon as an affectionate nickname for the President. The word soon came to be used for business and industry leaders—perhaps at times for those who had as much right to such an impressive title as did the shogun.The word itself now has an old-fashioned sound,but when we encounter it,we should think back to the days of Commodore Perry and President Lincoln,both of whom were real tycoons in their own ways.商界大亨可能把他们自己当成是工业界的长官或甚至王子，但是因为被叫做tycoon ， 他们早已达到了王子般的地位，至少从词源学的观点来说是这样。Tycoon 由日语进入英语， 而日语的这个头衔是从汉语借来的，意思是“大王”。使用这个词是为了使幕府将军，日本军队的总指挥官给外国人以深刻的印象（他的官方头衔shogun 的意思仅仅是“将军”）。 实际上，是幕府将军统治着日本，尽管他被认为是为天皇办事。当马修·C·佩里1854年使日本向西方开放时，他和幕府将军进行了谈判，以为他就是日本天皇。幕府将军的头衔taikun ， 在佩里访问美国后带到了美国。亚伯拉罕·林肯的内阁成员把tycoon 用作总统的充满感情的绰号。 这个词很快也被用于商界和工界的领导人，也许有时这些人象幕府将军那样有权以致给人深刻的印象。这个词本身听起来有点老派，但是当我们遇到它时，我们应该回想起佩里海军准将和林肯总统的时代，他们两人以各自的方式成为真正的巨头〔doll〕nickname for Dorothy Dorothy的绰号 〔Brady〕American financier and philanthropist who gained his nickname because of his attraction to diamonds and his extravagant lifestyle.布拉德利，詹姆斯·布坎南：(1856-1917) 美国金融家和慈善家，因为其酷爱钻石和挥霍无度的生活方式而获得其绰号〔jimmy〕nickname for James James的绰号 〔surname〕A nickname or an epithet added to a person's name.别名或绰号：某人姓名的绰号或描述词〔keeshond〕probably the name Kees nickname for Cornelis [Cornelius] 可能为名字 Kees Cornelis的绰号 [科内利乌斯] 〔butch〕Probably from the male nickname Butch 可能源自男性绰号 Butch 〔bluestocking〕After the Blue Stocking Society, a nickname for a predominantly female literary club of 18th-century London 源自 Blue Stocking 社会，18世纪伦敦的主要由女子参加的文学俱乐部的绰号 〔moll〕nickname for Mary Mary的绰号 〔tommyrot〕Dialectal tommy [fool] from Tom nickname for Thomas 方言 tommy [傻瓜] 源自 Tom Thomas的绰号 〔nickname〕A descriptive name added to or replacing the actual name of a person, place, or thing.别名，绰号：加于或代替一个人、地方或物体真正名字的描述性名字〔zany〕nickname for Giovanni [John, the name of servants who act as clowns in commedia dell'arte] Giovanni的绰号 [约翰，在喜剧《戴拉》中扮演小丑的仆人的名字] |
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