| 单词 | 缅因州 |
| 释义 | 〔Muskie〕American politician. A Democratic U.S. senator from Maine (1958-1980), he also served as U.S. secretary of state (1980-1981).马斯基，埃德蒙·西克斯图斯：(生于 1914) 美国政治家，来自缅因州的美国民主党议员(1958-1980年），曾担任过美国国务卿(1980-1981年）〔alack〕“'Las and fearful alack—nobody can make such high claims for the people then living in Maine"(John Gould)“啊呀！真可怕！——那时竟无人能为生活在缅因州的人提出这样高的要求”(约翰·古尔德)〔Androscoggin〕A river of northeast New Hampshire and southwest Maine flowing about 253 km (157 mi) to the Kennebec River near the Maine coast.安德罗斯科金河：美国新罕布什尔州东北缅因州西南部一河流，流程约253公里（157英里）注入缅因州海岸附近的肯纳贝克河〔Acadia〕A region and former French colony of eastern Canada, chiefly in Nova Scotia but also including New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Cape Breton Island, and the coastal area from the St. Lawrence River south into Maine. During the French and Indian War (1755-1763) many Acadians migrated or were deported by the British to southern territories, including Louisiana, where their descendants came to be known as Cajuns.阿卡迪亚：加拿大东部一地区，曾是法国殖民地。主要位于新斯科舍省，也包括新不伦斯瑞克、爱德华王子岛、开普布瑞顿岛以及圣劳伦斯河南部到缅因州的河岸地区。 在法国和印第安人的战争中（1755-1763年），很多阿卡迪亚人移居到或被英国迁入南方殖民地，其中包括路易斯安那州，在此他们的后代被称为阿卡迪亚人〔submarine〕The long sandwich featuring layers of meat and cheese on a crusty Italian roll goes by a variety of names.Submarine, sub, and hero are widespread terms, not assignable to any particular region.Most of the localized terms are clustered in the northeast United States,where the greatest numbers of Italian Americans live.Jane Stern, having studied the great variety of American names for this sandwich, finds that upstate New Yorkers call it abomber, while speakers downstate refer to awedge. In the Delaware Valley,including Philadelphia and southern New Jersey,the sandwich is called ahoagie. In Italian restaurants in New England the menu is likely to include agrinder. Speakers in Miami use the nameCuban sandwich and in Maine,Italian sandwich, but in the southern Midwest, according to Stern, the nameItalian is common, with both Italian and Italian sandwich recapturing the authentic nationality of the sandwich. In New Orleansthe same sandwich is called apoor boy and is likely to be offered in a most un-Italian version featuring fried oysters.在意大利长圆面包上放上几层肉和干酪而做成的长三明治，已有好几个名称。Submarine，sub 以及 hero 是使用最为广泛的名称， 而并非哪个地区的专用。这种三明治的大多数地方性名称集中于美国东北部地区，那里是居住意裔美国人最多的地方。简·斯特恩在对这种三明治的各种美国名称进行研究后发现，纽约州北部的居民称之为bomber（轰炸机） ， 而纽约州南部的居民称之为wedge（楔形物） 。 在特拉华河谷，包括费城和新泽西南部，这种三明治叫做hoagie 。 在新英格兰的意大利饭馆的菜单上，它称为grinder 。 迈阿密人则使用古巴三明治 这个名称， 而缅因州人使用意大利三明治 这个名称。 依据斯特恩的研究，在中西部的南部，人们普遍使用Italian（意大利式） 这一名称，或者就叫它 意大利式 ，或者称之为 意大利三明治 。这两个名称都反映了该三明治的原产国。 在新奥尔良，相同的三明治又叫做可怜的男孩 ， 而其做法绝对是非意大利式的，因为当中夹有牡蛎〔Reed〕American politician. A U.S. representative from Maine (1877-1899), he twice served as Speaker of the House (1889-1891 and 1895-1899).里德，托马斯·布雷克特：(1839-1902) 美国政治家，作为来自缅因州的众议员(1877-1899年） ， 他两次出任众议院议长(1889-1891和1895-1899年）〔Biddeford〕A city of southwest Maine on the Saco River southwest of Portland. The first permanent settlement was established in 1630. Population, 20,710.比迪福德：美国缅因州西南部一城市，位于波特兰市西南的索科河畔。最早的永久居民点建于1630年。人口20,710〔Saco〕A river, about 169 km (105 mi) long, rising in the White Mountains of northeast-central New Hampshire and flowing southeast through Maine to the Atlantic Ocean.索科河：发源于美国新罕布什尔州中部偏东南的怀特山脉的一条河，流程约169公里（合105英里），向东南流经缅因州注入大西洋〔oquassa〕A freshwater trout(Salvelinus oquassa) found in the Rangeley Lakes in western Maine. 蓝背红点鲑：一种淡水鲑（缅因红点鲑 红点鲑属） 见于美国缅因州西部兰吉利湖 〔oquassa〕After Lake Oquassa , a lake of western Maine 源自 奥奎萨 ，缅因州西部一湖泊 〔Blaine〕American politician. A U.S. representative (1863-1876) and senator (1876-1881) from Maine, he was U.S. secretary of state (1881 and 1889-1892) and lost the 1884 presidential election to Grover Cleveland.布莱恩，詹姆斯·吉莱斯皮：(1830-1893) 美国政治家，美国众议院议员（1863-1876年）和参议员（1876-1881年），来自缅因州，曾任美国国务卿（1881和1889-1892年），1884年竞选总统时败于格罗弗·克利夫兰〔Katahdin〕A mountain, 1,606.7 m (5,268 ft) high, of north-central Maine. It is the highest elevation in the state and the northern terminus of the Appalachian Trail.卡塔丁山：美国缅因州中北部的一座山，海拔1,606.7米（5,268英尺），是缅因州最高峰和阿帕拉契山脉的最北端〔Portland〕A city of southwest Maine on an arm of the Gulf of Maine south of Lewiston. Settled c. 1632, it became a commercial center in the 17th century and was state capital from 1820 to 1832. It is the largest city in the state. Population, 64,348.波特兰：美国缅因州西南部一城市，位于刘易斯顿以南的缅因湾的海湾中。该城建于公元1632年，在17世纪成为商业中心，1820年到1832年为缅因州州府。该市是缅因州最大的城市。人口64,348〔summercater〕Since the Civil War Mainehas been a favorite vacation spot for New Englanders and tourists from farther away.Predictably, certain words in the lexicon of Maine betray a wry Yankee impatience with these outsiders and city folks who come up to Maine only for summer relaxation.Along the coast the summerresident is called asummercater; inland, the word for a nonresident issport. Or the Maine native may merely refer collectively to folksfrom away. Much Maine real estate is designatednonresident — that is, it is set aside for these summer residentson whom Maine's economy is so dependent.自从南北战争结束以后，缅因州成为新英格兰人和更远处的游客们最钟爱的度假胜地。可以预料到，缅因州词汇中有一些单词流露出扭曲的美国式的不耐烦-对这些夏季来缅因州休闲的外来者和城里人。在海滨的夏季，居民被称作度夏的人 ； 而在内陆，表示非居民的词是sport（爱运动的人） 。 或者缅因州的居民干脆统称这些人为from away（远地来的） 。 缅因州的许多房地产是为了非居民 —— 就是说，专为这些夏季住民保留，缅因州的经济很大程度上依赖于他们〔Waterville〕A city of southern Maine north of Augusta. Settled in 1754, it is a trade and manufacturing center and the seat of Colby College (founded 1813). Population, 17,173.沃特维尔：美国缅因州南部城市，在奥古斯塔以北。1754年有人定居，是贸易和制造业中心，并是科尔比大学（建于1813年）所在地。人口17,173〔from〕Not native to Maine.非土生于缅因州的〔Malecite〕A Native American people inhabiting the St. John River valley in New Brunswick and northeast Maine. The Malecite helped form the Abenaki confederacy in the mid-18th century.马莱西特：居住于加拿大新不伦瑞克省的圣约翰河谷和美国缅因州东北部的一支美洲土著人。在18世纪中期，马莱西特人曾帮助建立起阿伯纳基联邦〔Abenaki〕Any of various Native American peoples formerly inhabiting northern New England and southeast Canada, with present-day populations in Maine and southern Quebec.阿贝内基族：原居住于新英格兰北部和加拿大东南部的美国土著民族，包括现居住在缅因州和魁北克州南部的人〔Penobscot〕A Native American people inhabiting Penobscot Bay and the Penobscot River valley in Maine. The Penobscot, who joined the Abenaki confederacy in the mid-18th century, are represented in the Maine legislature by a nonvoting delegate.佩诺布斯科特人：居住在美国缅因州的佩诺布斯科特湾和佩诺布斯科特河河谷一带的北美印第安人，18世纪中叶加入阿贝那基联盟，是缅因州立法委中一个无投票表决权的代表〔Dearborn〕American soldier and politician who fought in the American Revolution and later represented Maine in the U.S. Congress (1793-1797).迪尔波恩，亨利：(1751-1829) 美国军人和政治家，曾参加美国独立革命战争，后代表缅因州在美国国会任职(1793-1797年）〔grant〕One of several tracts of land in New Hampshire, Maine, and Vermont originally granted to an individual or a group.赠予地：新罕布什尔州，缅因州和佛蒙特州几块授予个人或团体的土地中的一块〔hosey〕Children in New England, especially in the Boston area,use the expressionI hosey when they are choosing sides for a game. TheBoston Globe asked readers about it in late 1987 and received responses from Boston; Belmont, Massachusetts; New Hampshire; and Maine.Its users agree that it is a children's expressionbut are unsure of its origin—some think that it derives from a pronunciation ofchoose with a heavy Irish brogue. Another possible origin of the expression is French-Canadianchoisir, "to choose.” 新英格兰，特别是波士顿地区的孩子们在进行一种游戏时，用我加入 表示选择加入哪一边来分组。 波士顿环球 杂志在1987年后半年时就此用语向其读者进行征询， 得到了波士顿地区、马萨诸塞州贝尔蒙特地区、新罕布什尔州及缅因州的读者的响应。此语使用者同意此语为孩童用语这一说法，但都不能确定其来源。有些读者认为其来自choose 这一词的带有浓重爱尔兰土腔的发音。 另一可能的词源是加拿大法语中choisir 一词“选择” 〔Missouri〕A state of the central United States. It was admitted as the 24th state in 1821. Under Spanish control from 1762 to 1800, the area passed to the United States through the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. Organized as a territory in 1812, Missouri's application for admission as a slaveholding state in 1817 sparked a bitter controversy over the question of extending slavery into new territories. The Missouri Compromise of 1820 provided for the admission of Maine as a free state and Missouri as a slave state in the following year. Jefferson City is the capital and St. Louis the largest city. Population, 5,137,804.密苏里州：美国中部的一个州。于1821年被接受为第二十四个州。1762年到1800年，此地区处于西班牙的控制下，美国于1803年在路易斯安那购买行动中获得这一地域。1812年成为一个地区。1817年密苏里申请以蓄奴州身份加入联邦导致了关于是否将奴隶制扩大到新地区的争论。1820年的密苏里协议为次年作为自由州的缅因州和作为蓄奴州的密苏里州加入联邦铺平了道路。杰斐逊城是州首府，圣路易斯为最大城市。人口5,137,804〔Jewett〕American writer noted for novels and stories concerning her native Maine.The Country of the Pointed Firs (1896) is considered her finest work. 朱艾特，撒拉·奥恩：(1849-1909) 美国作家，以涉及她的家乡——缅因州的小说和故事而著名。《尖尖的枞树之乡》 （1896年）被评为是她最好的作品 〔Brunswick〕A town of southwest Maine on the Androscoggin River northeast of Portland. Bowdoin College (established 1794) is here. Population, 17,336.不伦瑞克：缅因州西南部，波特兰东北部安德罗斯科金河上的一城镇。鲍多因学院（建于1794年）的所在地。人口17,336〔Sanford〕A city of southwest Maine west of Biddeford. Formerly dependent on textile and clothing manufacturing, it now has diversified industries. Population, 18,020.桑福德：美国缅因州西南一城市，位于比迪福德西部，过去主要依靠纺织与制布工业，现发展有多种工业。人口18,020〔Kittery〕A town of extreme southwest Maine opposite Portsmouth, New Hampshire. The oldest town in Maine (settled c. 1623), it has long been a shipbuilding center. Population, 5,465.基特里：美国缅因州最西南端与新罕布什尔州的朴次茅斯相对的城镇，是缅因州最古老的城镇（1623年建成）。它长期是造船中心。人口5,465〔joual〕London has Cockney;Liverpool has Scouse.Certain dialects often become so famous and distinctivethat they acquire names.Such is the case with the Canadian French dialect known in Quebec and in Maine asjoual or jooal. The name, derived from a regional dialect pronunciation of the wordcheval, "horse,” is applied to the rural French patois of Quebec.Canadian opinions differ as to whetherjoual is a "language" of its own or merely a regional French characterized by nonstandard grammar and heavy borrowing from English words and word order. 伦敦有伦敦东区土话；利物浦有利物浦方言。某些方言常常变得非常著名并且有特色，以致于需要有专门的名称。这种在魁北克省和缅因州被称为joual 或 jooal 的加拿大法语方言即是如此。 这个名字来源于cheval （即“马”）一词的地区方言性发音， 它指魁北克省农村地区的法语土话。对于joual 是一种独立的“语言”，还是仅仅是一种以不正规语法及许多英语外来词和词序为特征的地域性法语，加拿大人的看法不一 〔Auburn〕A city of southern Maine on the Androscoggin River opposite Lewiston. It was settled in 1765. Population, 24,309.奥本：美国缅因州南部一城市，位于刘易斯顿对岸的安德罗斯科金河旁。建于1765 年，人口24,309〔reeling〕In the granite quarries of Maine,stones for paving were once shaped by men using small hammers calledreels. Crews of 30 men at a time would use these hammers.The resulting "shattering noise as the pieces of the granite were shaped. . . . gave Mainers a word for any sustained hubbub—reelin' ” (John Gould). Reeling can denote noise made by humans as well: She told the children to hush their reeling. 在美国缅因州的花岗石采石场，人们用叫做reels 的小锤来使石头成形以用来铺设地面。 30人将同时使用这些手锤。“在使一块块花岗石成形时的破裂声给了缅因州人一个用来形容任何持续的吵闹声的词语——reelin' ” （约翰．古德）。 Reeling 还可以表示人发出的噪声： “她让喧闹的孩子安静下来” 〔include〕New England comprises (not includes ) Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine. 新英格兰包括（不是 includes ) 康涅狄格州，罗德岛州，马萨诸塞州，佛蒙特州，新罕布什尔州和缅因州。 〔Passamaquoddy〕A Native American people formerly inhabiting parts of coastal Maine and New Brunswick along the Bay of Fundy, with present-day descendants in eastern Maine. The Passamaquoddy helped form the Abenaki confederacy in the mid-18th century.帕萨马科迪族：印第安民族，过去曾居住在美国缅因州的部分沿海地区和芬迪湾沿岸的新不伦瑞克，其现代后裔居住在美国缅因州东部。帕萨马科迪族在18世纪中期曾帮助建立过阿布纳基联盟〔Bangor〕A city of south-central Maine on the Penobscot River. Settled in 1769, it was occupied by the British during the War of 1812. Population, 33,181.班戈市：美国缅因州中南部一城市，位于佩诺布斯科特河畔。建立于1769年，在1812年的战争中被英国人占领。人口33,181〔Smith〕American politician who served as a U.S. representative (1940-1949) and senator (1949-1973) from Maine.史密斯，玛格丽特·蔡斯：(生于 1897) 美国政治家，作为缅因州的代表，1940年至1949年任美国国会众议员，1949至1973年任参议员〔Maine〕Abbr. ME,Me.A state of the northeast United States. It was admitted as the 23rd state in 1820. First explored by Europeans in 1602, the region was annexed by Massachusetts in 1652. Maine's northern boundary with New Brunswick was settled by a treaty with Great Britain in 1842. Augusta is the capital and Portland the largest city. Population, 1,233,223.缩写 ME,Me.缅因州：美国东北部的一个州，于1820年被收归为第二十三个州。最早在1602年被欧洲人开发，此地区在1652年被马萨诸塞州合并。缅因北部和加拿大新布伦瑞克省的边界于1842年和英国以条约的形式确定下来。奥古斯塔为其首府，波特兰是其最大城市。人口1,233,223〔Kennebec〕A river, about 257 km (160 mi) long, of west-central and southern Maine flowing generally south to the Atlantic Ocean.肯纳贝克河：美国缅因州中西部和北部的一条河，流程约257公里（160英里），大体向南流注入大西洋〔Augusta〕The capital of Maine, in the southwest part of the state on the Kennebec River north-northeast of Portland. A trading post was established here in 1628. Population, 21,325.奥古斯塔：美国缅因州首府，位于该州西南部，肯纳贝克河岸边，波特兰东北偏北。1628年一个贸易站建立于此，人口21,325 |
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