| 单词 | 罗马人 |
| 释义 | 〔Hanno〕Carthaginian political leader who opposed the policy of conquest during the Second Punic War (218-201). After Hannibal's defeat (202) Hanno negotiated a treaty with the Romans.汉诺：迦太基政治领袖，在第二次布匿战争（公元前218年-公元前201年）期间反对征服政策，在汉尼拔被击败（公元前202年）之后，汉诺同罗马人签定了和约〔Adzharia〕A region of southeast European U.S.S.R. bordering on the Black Sea and Turkey. Colonized by the Greeks in the fourth and fifth centuriesb.c. , it was ruled by the Romans and the Turks before its acquisition by Russia in 1878. 阿杰利亚：苏联欧洲东南部一区域，毗邻黑海和土耳其。公元前 4,5世纪为希腊殖民地，后被罗马人和土耳其人统治，1878年后被俄罗斯占领 〔be〕"To be a Christian was to be a Roman"(James Bryce)“如果是个基督徒就等于是个罗马人”(詹姆斯·布赖斯)〔obsidian〕after Obsius , a Roman who supposedly discovered it or a similar mineral 源自 奥伯西斯 ，一个罗马人，他被认为发现这种东西或与之相似的矿物 〔Southampton〕A borough of south-central England on an inlet of the English Channel opposite the Isle of Wight. Founded on the site of Roman and Saxon settlements, it has long been a major port, especially for passenger ships. Population, 208,800.南安普敦：英格兰中南部地区的一个市镇，临英吉利海峡中的一个海湾，面对怀特岛。建立在罗马人与萨克森人居住地的遗址上，长期以来都是一个重要港口，尤其对客轮而言。人口208,800〔Strabo〕Greek geographer and historian whose great work,Geography, is the only extant text that describes the people and countries known to the Greeks and Romans during the reign of Augustus. 斯特拉博：希腊地理学家，历史学家，他的伟大著作《地理》 ，是现存的唯一的于奥古斯都统治时期描绘希腊人与罗马人所知的人民和国家的作品 〔Masada〕An ancient mountaintop fortress in southeast Israel on the southwest shore of the Dead Sea. Ina.d. 73, after a two-year siege, members of the Zealot Jewish sect committed mass suicide rather than surrender to the Romans. 梅察达：古代以色列东南部、死海西南岸的一个山头堡垒。公元 73年，经过历时两年的被围困后，吉拉德犹太教派成员集体自杀，未向进攻的罗马人投降 〔Ituraea〕An ancient country of northeast Palestine. The area was first inhabited by Arabians and later passed to Judea and Rome.伊特利尔：巴勒斯坦东北部的一个古国。这一地区最先是阿拉伯人居住，后来迁入了犹太人和罗马人〔Arminius〕German hero who led the defeat of three legions of Romans in the Teutoburger Wald (a.d. 9), thereby liberating the Germans from Roman rule. 阿米尼乌斯：德国英雄，（公元 9年），在其率领下在条顿堡加森林击败罗马人的三个军团，因而将德国人从罗马统治下解放出来 〔Gascony〕A historical region and former province of southwest France. Settled originally by Basque peoples, it was conquered by the Romans and later by the Visigoths and Franks. A new wave of Basque invaders from south of the Pyrenees established the duchy of Vasconia in the sixth centurya.d. In 1052 Gascony passed to the duchy of Aquitaine, and after serving as a major battlefield during the Hundred Years' War, it finally became part of the French royal domain in 1607. 格斯肯尼：一历史地区，昔时法国西南部一省。最早巴斯克人在此定居，被罗马人征服，后来又被西哥特人和法兰克人征服。来自比利牛斯山南部的一支新的巴斯克人侵略者在公元后 6世纪建立了维斯可尼亚公国。在1502年，格斯肯尼被转给亚奎丹公国，在百年战争中以一个主要战场出现，最后于1607年成为法国领土的一部分 〔Trier〕A city of southwest Germany on the Moselle River near the Luxembourg border. Settled by the Treveri, an eastern Gaulish people, it was an important commercial center under the Romans and later as part of the Holy Roman Empire. The city was under French control from 1797 until 1815. Population, 94,190.特里尔：德国西南部的一个城市，位于摩泽尔河畔，靠近卢森堡边界。该市是高卢东部的一个民族——特维希人建立的，在罗马人统治时期是重要的商业中心，后来成为神圣罗马帝国的一部分。该市在1797年至1815年一直被法国控制。人口94,190〔Pella〕An ancient city of Greek Macedonia. It was the capital of Macedonia from the fourth century to 168b.c. , when the territory was conquered by the Romans. 培拉：古希腊马其顿一古城，它从4世纪至公元前 168年被罗马人征服为止一直是马其顿王国的首都 〔Normandy〕A historical region and former province of northwest France on the English Channel. Part of ancient Gaul, the region was successively conquered by the Romans, Franks, and Norse; passed to England after the Norman Conquest (1066) and during the Hundred Years' War (1337-1453); and was restored to France in 1450. Its beaches were the focal point of Allied landings on D-day (June 6, 1944) in World War II.诺曼底：英吉利海峡的历史地区，以前为法国西北一个省。古代高卢的一部分，这一地区相继被罗马人，弗兰克人和诺斯人征服，诺曼人征服(1066年）后和英法百年战争期间(1337-1453年）归属英格兰，于1450年归还法国。二战中联军登陆(1944年6月6日）地点即为诺曼底海滩〔Ticino〕A river, about 248 km (154 mi) long, of southern Switzerland and northern Italy flowing generally southward to the Po River. Hannibal defeated the Romans along the banks of the river in 218b.c. 提契诺河：位于瑞士南部和意大利北部的一条流程约248公里(154英里）的河流，大致向南流入波河。公元前 218年汉尼拔沿这条河流打败了罗马人 〔Fens〕A lowland district of eastern England west and south of the Wash. Early attempts by the Romans to drain the area were abandoned by Anglo-Saxon times. Modern-day reclamation of the Fens began in the 17th century.芬斯：东英格兰西部和瓦士湾南部的一片低地，早期被罗马人夺取并排水而在盎格鲁-撒克逊时期被遗弃，现在开垦利用的芬斯是从17世纪开始的〔sibyl〕One of a number of women regarded as oracles or prophets by the ancient Greeks and Romans.女预言家：被古希腊人和罗马人认为是神使或预言家的一群女子中的一个〔Sousse〕A city of northeast Tunisia on an inlet of the Mediterranean Sea. Founded in ancient times by the Phoenicians, it was an important city under the Romans and Carthaginians and later under the Arabs (9th-11th centuries) and the French (19th-20th centuries). Population, 69,530.苏萨：突尼斯东北部的一个城市，位于地中海的一个海湾沿岸。远古时代时腓尼基人创建，是一个重要的城市，先是处于罗马人与迦太基人的统治之下，后被阿拉伯人（9世纪至11世纪）和法国人（19世纪至20世纪）控制。人口69,530〔Genoa〕A city of northwest Italy on theGulf of Genoa, an arm of the Ligurian Sea. An ancient settlement, Genoa flourished under the Romans and also enjoyed great prosperity during the Crusades. Today, it is Italy's chief port and a major commercial and industrial center. Population, 760,300. 热那亚：意大利西北的一座城市，濒临利古里亚海的一个港湾热那亚湾 。作为一个古老的聚居地，热那亚在罗马人统治下繁盛起来，并在十字军东征期间聚敛了大量财富。今天，它是意大利的主要港口和重要的商业、工业中心。人口760,300 〔Huelva〕A city of southwest Spain near the Gulf of Cádiz and the Portuguese border. Founded by Carthaginians, it was colonized by the Romans, who built a still-used aqueduct to supply water to the settlement. Population, 137,453.韦尔瓦：西班牙西南部一城市，靠近加的斯湾，临近葡萄牙边境。它由迦太基人初建，后处于罗马殖民统治下，罗马人建了一条用于住宅供水的高架渠，至今仍在使用。人口137,453〔Palestine〕A historical region of southwest Asia between the eastern Mediterranean shore and the Jordan River roughly coextensive with modern Israel and the West Bank. Occupied since prehistoric times, it has been ruled by Hebrews, Egyptians, Romans, Byzantines, Arabs, and Turks. A British League of Nations mandate oversaw the affairs of the area from 1920 until 1948, when Israel declared itself a separate state and the West Bank territory was awarded to Jordan. Israel occupied the Jordanian area west of the Jordan River in 1967. In November 1988 the Palestine Liberation Organization under Yasir Arafat declared its intention of forming an Arab state of Palestine, probably including the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and the Arab sector of Jerusalem.巴勒斯坦，“圣地”：历史上西南亚的一个地区，位于地中海东岸和约旦河之间，大致相当于现在的以色列和约旦河西岸。从史前时代开始，它曾被希伯来人、埃及人、罗马人、拜占庭人、阿拉伯人和土耳其人统治。从1920年到1948，大布列颠民族联盟委任监管这一区事务，当时以色列宣称独立并且约旦河西部地区划归约旦。1967年以色列占领了约旦该地区领土。1988年11月，巴勒斯坦解放组织在亚瑟、阿拉法特的领导下宣布了它们建立一个巴勒斯坦的阿拉伯国家的意向，可能包括约旦河西岸、加沙走廊以及耶路撒冷的阿拉伯部分〔Rennes〕A city of northwest France north of Nantes. It was an important Gallo-Roman town and became capital of Brittany in 1196. Population, 117,234.雷恩：法国西北部的一城市，位于南特以北。它曾是高卢罗马人的一个重要城镇，1196年成为布列塔尼的首府。人口117,234〔Iceni〕An ancient Celtic tribe of eastern Britain who under Queen Boudicca fought unsuccessfully against the Romans abouta.d. 60. 爱西尼人：不列颠岛东部的一个古老的凯尔特部落，公元前 60年，在布第卡女王的率领下与罗马人作战，但以失败告终 〔Regulus〕Roman general and politician who was captured by the Carthaginians (255). Giving his word to return to Carthage, he was sent to Rome to negotiate a peace treaty but instead convinced the Romans to reject the Carthaginian terms. He subsequently returned to Carthage, where he died in prison.雷古卢斯，马库斯·阿蒂留斯：(卒于 250) 罗马将军和政治家，被迦太基人俘虏（公元前255年）许诺重新回到迦太基后，他被送到罗马去谈判一个和平条约。但他反而说服罗马人拒绝了迦太基人的条款。他随后回到了迦太基，死于狱中〔Barcelona〕A city of northeast Spain on the Mediterranean Sea. Founded by the Carthaginians, it prospered under the Romans and Visigoths, fell to the Moors in 713, and was taken by Charlemagne's Frankish troops in 801. It has long been a center of Catalan separatism and of anarchic, socialist, and syndicalist movements. Population, 1,770,296.巴塞罗那：西班牙东北部临地中海的一个城市，由迦太基人建立，罗马人和西哥特人统治时一度繁荣，于713年落于摩尔人手中，801年又被查理曼尼的法兰克军队接管。曾长时间成为加泰罗尼亚分离主义和无政府主义，社会主义、工联主义运动的中心。人口1,770,296〔Palmyra〕An ancient city of central Syria northeast of Damascus. Said to have been built by Solomon, it prospered under the Romans because of its location on the trade route from Egypt to the Persian Gulf. The city was partially destroyed by the emperor Aurelian after a people's revolt ina.d. 273. 帕尔迈拉：叙利亚中部一古城，位于大马士革东北。据说是所罗门所建，由于它位于从埃及到波斯湾的贸易路线上，在罗马人的控制下兴盛起来。在公元 273年的一次人民暴动之后该城被奥列利安罗马皇帝部分毁坏 〔Umbria〕A region of central Italy in the Apennines. Occupied by the Umbrians in ancient times, it later fell to the Etruscans and then the Romans (c. 300b.c. ). After passing to various powers, Umbria came under the control of the papacy in the 16th century and joined the kingdom of Sardinia in 1860. 翁布里亚：亚平宁半岛意大利中部的一个寺区。在古代被翁布里亚人占领，后来被伊特鲁利亚人，然后是罗马人（约公元前 300年）占领。翁布里亚在经历很多次政权移转以后，在16世纪由教皇国控制，于1860年加入撒丁尼亚尼亚王国 〔amphora〕A two-handled jar with a narrow neck used by the ancient Greeks and Romans to carry wine or oil.双耳陶瓶：一种双柄细颈瓶，古希腊罗马人用它盛酒或油〔Galicia〕A region and ancient kingdom of northwest Spain on the Atlantic Ocean south of the Bay of Biscay. Exploited by the Romans for its mineral resources, it later became a Goth kingdom and a stronghold of the Moors.加利西亚：西班牙西北部一区域和古王国，位于大西洋上的比斯开湾南部。因罗马人前来开发利用其矿产资源，后来成为高斯王国和穆尔斯的大本营〔Linz〕A city of northern Austria on the Danube River west of Vienna. Originally a Roman settlement, it was a provincial capital of the Holy Roman Empire in the late 15th century. Population, 199,910.林茨：奥地利北部一城市，位于维也纳西部多瑙河畔。原为罗马人的拓居地，15世纪后期为神圣罗马帝国的首府。人口199,910〔tribe〕from Latin tribus [division of the Roman people] 源自 拉丁语 tribus [罗马人的一个分支] 〔Achaea〕An ancient region of southern Greece occupying the northern part of the Peloponnesus on the Gulf of Corinth. The cities of the region banded together in the early third centuryb.c. to form the Achaean League, which defeated Sparta but was eventually beaten by the Romans, who annexed Achaea in 146 b.c. and later gave the name to a province that included all of Greece south of Thessaly. 亚加亚：希腊南部古代一地区，包括伯罗奔尼撒北部在科林斯湾的地区。该地区的城市在公元前 3世纪早期组成亚加亚联盟。这个联盟击败了斯巴达，然而最终被罗马击败。罗马人在 公元前 146年吞并了亚加亚，后来以此命名包括塞萨利以南全部希腊的一个省 〔decussate〕from decussis [the number ten, intersection of two lines (from the Romans' use of X for the numeral 10), a ten-as coin] 源自 decussis [十这个数，（罗马人所用数字10)是两线交叉而成的，10的创造] 〔Pict〕One of an ancient people of northern Britain. They remained undefeated by the Romans and in the ninth century joined with the Scots to form a kingdom later to become Scotland.皮克特人：英国北部的古代民族之一，罗马人一直未能征服他们，9世纪时他们与苏格兰人联合建立了王国，后成为苏格兰〔Messenia〕An ancient region of southwest Greece in the Peloponnesus on the Ionian Sea. It fought a series of wars against Sparta c. 736 to 371b.c. The Romans conquered the area in 146 b.c. 迈森尼亚：古希腊西南部的一个地区，位于伯罗奔尼撒半岛上，爱奥尼亚海沿岸。该地区从公元前 736年至371年曾发生过与斯巴达的一系列战争。 公元前 146年罗马人征服了这一地区 〔Lincoln〕A borough of eastern England northeast of Nottingham. Located on the site of Roman, Saxon, and Danish settlements, it was first chartered in 1157. Population, 75,900.林肯：英国东部诺丁汉东北一自治城市，位于罗马人、萨克森人和丹麦人拓居地的遗址，1157年首次获得特许。人口75,900〔Villach〕A city of southern Austria on the Drava River southwest of Vienna. Originally a Roman settlement, it is an industrial and transportation center with thermal mineral springs. Population, 52,692.菲拉赫：奥地利南部一城市，位于维也纳西南的德拉瓦河。原为罗马人聚居地，它是拥有温泉的工业和交通中心。人口52,692〔Pistoia〕A city of north-central Italy northwest of Florence. Settled by Romans in the 6th centuryb.c. , it was an important banking center in the 13th century a.d. and came under the influence of Florence in the 14th century. Population, 83,600. 皮斯托：意大利中北部的一座城市，位于佛罗伦萨西北部。公元前 6世纪罗马人设立， 公元 13世纪该城为重要的金融中心，14世纪受佛罗伦萨管治。人口83,600 〔Piedmont〕A historical region of northwest Italy bordering on France and Switzerland. Occupied by Rome in the 1st centuryb.c. , it passed to Savoy in the 11th century and was the center of the Italian Risorgimento after 1814. 皮埃蒙特区：意大利西北一历史地区，与法国和瑞士接壤。公元前 1世纪时，被罗马人占领，11世纪被萨伏伊王室统治，1814年后成为意大利复兴运动的中心 〔Toledo〕also [tô-lĕ"Yô] A city of central Spain near the Tagus River south-southwest of Madrid. It fell to the Romans in 193b.c. and was later the capital of the Visigoth kingdom (534-712). As a Moorish capital (712-1031) it was a center of Arab and Hebrew learning. Population, 57,778. 也作 [tô-lĕ"Yô] 托莱多：西班牙中部临塔哥斯河的一座城市，位于马德里西南偏南。公元前 193年陷落到罗马人手中，后来成为西哥特王国的首都(534-712年）。作为摩尔人的首都(712-1031年），它是阿拉伯和伯莱学术的中心。人口57,778 〔Scarborough〕A municipal borough of northeast England on the North Sea north of Hull. Site of a Bronze Age village and a fourth-centurya.d. Roman signaling tower, it is a noted seaside resort. Population, 43,300. 斯卡伯勒：英格兰东北部一市区，位于赫尔北部的北海海岸，曾为青铜器时代的村落及公元 4世纪罗马人的信号塔，现在是著名的海滨旅游胜地。人口43,300 |
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