| 单词 | 美国内战 |
| 释义 | 〔Pope〕American Union general in the Civil War who was defeated by Gen. Robert E. Lee at the Second Battle of Bull Run (1862).波普，约翰：(1822-1892) 美国内战时期联邦军少将，在第二次节尔溪战役中(1862年）被罗伯特·E·李将军击败〔Foote〕American naval officer who abolished (1862) liquor rations in the navy and commanded Union vessels on the upper Mississippi River during the Civil War.富特，安德鲁·赫尔：(1806-1863) 美国海军军官。他废除了海军中酒的配给(1862年）。在美国内战期间，领导联军战舰在密西西比河上游作战〔Grasse〕French naval officer who during the American Revolution commanded the French fleet in Chesapeake Bay, thereby preventing British naval forces from aiding Cornwallis at Yorktown (1781).格拉斯，弗朗索瓦·约瑟夫·保罗·德：(1722?-1788) 法国海军军官，在美国内战期间指挥在切萨皮克湾的法国舰队， 阻止了英国海军对在约克敦的康华里的支援（1781年）〔Manassas〕An independent city of northeast Virginia west of Alexandria. The Civil War Battles of Bull Run (called the Battles of Manassas by the Confederates) were fought nearby in July 1861 and August 1862. Population, 27,957.马纳萨斯：美国弗吉尼亚州东北部一座独立城市，位于亚历山德里拉的西面。1861年7月和1862年8月，此城附近发生了美国内战中的布尔朗战役（南方诸邦称为马纳萨斯战役）。人口27,957〔Crittenden〕American politician who proposed the Crittenden Compromise (1860), an unsuccessful last-minute effort to forestall the Civil War.克里坦登，约翰·约旦：(1787-1863) 美国政治家，提出了克里坦登协议(1860年），该协议是阻止美国内战爆发所作的最后努力〔federal〕Of, relating to, or loyal to the Union cause during the American Civil War.亲联邦政府的：是，（忠诚于）美国内战期间组成的联邦的或与其有关的〔Vicksburg〕A city of western Mississippi on bluffs above the Mississippi River west of Jackson. During the Civil War it was besieged from 1862 to 1863 and finally captured by troops led by Ulysses S. Grant on July 4, 1863. Population, 20,908.维克斯堡：美国密西西比州西部的一座城市，位于杰克逊西部密西西比河岸峭壁上。在美国内战中，从1862到1863年间它被围困，在1863年7月4日被尤利西斯S·格兰特领导的军队占领。人口20,908〔Lincoln〕The 16th President of the United States (1861-1865), who led the Union during the Civil War and emancipated slaves in the South (1863). He was assassinated shortly after the end of the war by John Wilkes Booth.林肯，亚伯拉罕：(1809-1865) 美利坚合众国的第十六任总统（1861-1865年），在美国内战期间领导北部联邦，并在1863年解放南方的奴隶。战争结束后不久他被约翰·威尔克斯·浦斯暗杀〔classic〕classic battlefields of the Civil War.美国内战的战场古迹〔Higginson〕American writer and soldier who led the first Black regiment in the Union Army (1862-1864). He wrote many biographies, including volumes on Henry Wadsworth Longfellow and John Greenleaf Whittier (both 1902), and edited the poetry of Emily Dickinson.希金森，托马斯·温特沃思·斯托罗：(1823-1911) 美国作家、军人，美国内战时任黑人志愿军团长（1862-1864年）。著有多部人物传记，包括亨利·华兹华斯·朗费罗和约翰·格林利夫·惠蒂埃（均为1902年），并编辑了埃米莉·狄更生的诗集〔carpetbagger〕A Northerner who went to the South after the Civil War for political or financial advantage.投机家，冒险家：美国内战后为政治或经济上的利益而去南方的北方人〔Wilmington〕A city of southeast North Carolina on the Cape Fear River south-southeast of Raleigh. Settled c. 1730, it was used as a port by blockade runners during the Civil War and is now a manufacturing and resort center and the state's largest port. Population, 55,530.威尔明顿：北卡罗来纳州东南部城市，位于开普顿菲尔河上罗利市东南偏南。1730年开始有移民，在美国内战中被偷越封锁线的人用作港口。现在是制造业和旅游业中心，也是北卡罗来纳州的最大港口。人口55,530〔Wilson〕American literary critic whose influential works includeAxel's Castle (1931), a study of the symbolist movement, and Patriotic Gore (1962), a critique of literature from the Civil War era. 威尔逊，埃德蒙：(1895-1972) 美国文学评论家。他富有影响的作品包括评析象征主义运动的《阿克瑟尔的城堡》 （1931年）和美国内战后的文学评论集 《爱国的血液》 （1962年） 〔Zouave〕A member of a group patterned after the French Zouaves, especially a member of such a unit of the Union Army in the U.S. Civil War.仿效佐阿夫兵的军队，特指美国内战中的联邦军队〔Clarksburg〕A city of northern West Virginia south-southeast of Wheeling. It was an important Union supply base during the Civil War. Population, 18,059.克拉克斯堡：美国西弗吉尼亚州的一座城市，位于惠灵的东南偏南。是美国内战时重要的联军供应基地。人口18,059〔Yorktown〕A village of southeast Virginia on the York River north of Newport News. It was the site of Cornwallis's surrender of the British forces (1781) in the American Revolution. During the Civil War Union troops occupied the town after a siege lasting from April to May 1862.约克镇：美国弗吉尼亚州东南一村庄，位于约克河河畔、纽波特斯北部。是独立战争期间英军康华利斯投降(1781年）所在地，美国内战期间，历经1862年四至五月的围城之后，联邦军队占领了约克镇〔Work〕American songwriter noted for his Union compositions during the Civil War, including "Babylon Is Fallen" (1863).沃克，亨利·克莱：(1832-1884) 美国歌曲作家，以其在美国内战中的创作的联邦军歌曲而著名，包括《巴比伦被推翻》(1863年）〔Robert〕American army engineer and parliamentary authority. He designed the defenses for Washington, D.C., during the Civil War and later wroteRobert's Rules of Order (1876). 罗伯特，亨利·马丁：(1837-1923) 美国军械师和议会掌权人，他在美国内战期间为华盛顿特区设计了防御工事，后来著有《罗伯特的治安条例》 （1876年）一书 〔gray〕A member of the Confederate Army in the Civil War.邦联士兵：美国内战中南方联盟军队的士兵〔secession〕Often Secession The withdrawal of 11 Southern states from the Union in 1860-1861, precipitating the U.S. Civil War. 常作 Secession 脱离联邦：在1860年到1861年间，美国有十一个州从联邦中脱离，引发了美国内战〔industry〕the Civil War industry; the Hemingway industry.美国内战史研究；海明威研究〔south〕South The southern part of the United States, especially the states that fought for the Confederacy in the Civil War. South 美国南方地区：美国的南方地区，尤指美国内战时为南部邦联作战的各州〔Bragg〕American Confederate general in the Civil War who was defeated in the Chattanooga Campaign (1863).布雷格，布拉克斯顿：(1817-1876) 美国内战时期南部联盟将军，在查塔努加战役时被击败（1863年）〔Channing〕American historian whose major work wasA History of the United States (six volumes, 1905-1925). The last volume, covering the Civil War, won a Pulitzer Prize (1926). 查宁，爱德华：(1856-1931) 美国历史学家，主要著作为《美国历史》 （6卷，1905-1925年）。最后一卷描写美国内战，获普利策奖（1926年） 〔Catton〕American historian and editor who wrote extensively on the Civil War and edited (1954-1959)American Heritage magazine. 凯通，（查尔斯）布鲁斯：(1899-1978) 美国历史学家及编辑，著有大量关于美国内战的作品，主编（1954-1959年）《美国遗产》 杂志 〔Winchester〕An independent city of northern Virginia west-northwest of Washington, D.C. Settled c. 1744, it was an important military base during the French and Indian War and the Civil War, in which it changed hands a number of times. George Washington began his career as a surveyor here in 1748. Population, 21,947.温切斯特市：美国弗吉尼亚州北部的一独立城市，位于华盛顿市西北偏西部。1744年开始有人移民在此，在法印战争和美国内战中是一个重要的军事基地，曾几易其主。1748年乔治·华盛顿在这里开始他的检查官生涯。人口21,947〔Quantrill〕American desperado who led a guerrilla band that sporadically supported the Confederacy during the Civil War. He is infamous for his wanton killing of war prisoners and civilians.昆特里尔，威廉·克拉克：(1837-1865) 美国暴徒，在美国内战期间，他曾领导一支游击队断断续续地支持南部联军，因其对战犯和居民的无辜滥杀而臭名昭著〔Beard〕American historian and feminist. She shared her husband Charles's economic view of history and collaborated with him onThe Rise of American Civilization (first volume 1927), in which they characterized the Civil War as the "second American Revolution,” perpetrated by Northern capitalists over Southern plantation owners for economic gain. 比尔德，玛丽·里特尔：(1876-1958) 美国历史学家和女权运动者。她赞同其丈夫查尔斯的有关历史的经济观点，于1927年两人合作出版了《美国文明的兴起》 的第一卷。在该书中她将美国内战比作北方资本家因经济目的施加于南方农园庄主的“第二次美国革命” 〔Gettysburg〕A town of southern Pennsylvania east-southeast of Chambersburg. It was the site of a major Union victory in the Civil War (July 1-3, 1863), which checked Robert E. Lee's invasion of the North. The battle and Abraham Lincoln's famous Gettysburg Address (delivered at the dedication of a cemetery here on November 19, 1863) are commemorated by a national park. President Dwight D. Eisenhower's farm, a national historic site, is also in Gettysburg. Population, 7,194.葛底斯堡：宾夕法尼亚南部钱伯斯堡东南偏东的一城镇。是美国内战（1863年7月1日－3日）中一次较重要的联邦军胜利遗址，这次胜利抑制了罗伯特·E·李对北方的入侵。建立了一座国家公园以纪念这次战役和阿伯罕姆·林肯的葛底斯堡演讲（发表于1863年11月19日在此举行的公墓落成典礼的献辞上）。德怀特·D·艾森豪威尔总统的农场，一个具有历史意义的遗址也在葛底斯堡。人口7,194〔Spotsylvania〕A village of northeast Virginia southwest of Fredericksburg. It was the site of a major but inconclusive Civil War battle (May 8-21, 1864).斯波特塞尔维那：弗莱德瑞克斯佰格西南弗吉尼亚东北部的一个村庄。它是一场重要但又不具决定意义的美国内战战役(1884年5月8至21日）的发生地点〔Brady〕American pioneer photographer who was famous for his portraits and was appointed official Union photographer of the Civil War in 1861.布雷迪，马修B.：(1823-1896) 美国摄影先驱，因其肖像摄影而闻名，在1861年美国内战中被指定为官方摄影协会成员〔doughface〕A Northerner who sided with the South in the U.S. Civil War, especially a member of Congress who supported slavery.北方议员：在美国内战中支持南方的北方人，尤指支持奴隶制的国会议员〔Lee〕American Confederate general in the Civil War. He won victories at Bull Run (1862), Fredericksburg (1862), and Chancellorsville (1863) before surrendering to Gen. Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox (1865).李，罗伯特·爱德华：(1807-1870) 美国内战时期南军将领，曾在公牛溪战役(1862年）、腓特烈斯堡战役(1862年）及钱瑟勒斯维尔战役(1863年）中大获全胜，后在阿波马托克斯向尤利西斯·S·格兰特将军投降(1865年）〔Timrod〕American poet known for his emotional works, including "Ethnogenesis" (1861). During the Civil War he was considered the poet laureate of the Confederacy.蒂姆罗德，亨利：(1828-1867) 美国诗人，以其包括《种起源》（1861年）等充满激情的作品，而闻名。美国内战期间他被认为是南部联邦的桂冠诗人〔federal〕A supporter of the Union during the American Civil War, especially a Union soldier.联邦主义者：美国内战期间联邦的支持者，特指联邦士兵〔Banks〕American politician and general who was governor of Massachusetts (1858-1861) and led the capture of Port Hudson, Louisiana (1863), during the Civil War.班克斯，内森尼尔·普伦蒂斯：(1816-1894) 美国政治家和将军，1858-1861年任马萨诸塞州州长，并于1863年在美国内战中领导了夺取路易斯安那州的哈得孙港的战斗 |
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