| 单词 | 肖像 |
| 释义 | 〔likeness〕A pictorial, graphic, or sculptured representation of something; an image.相片，肖像：模仿某物的绘画、图片或雕像；肖像〔graphic〕a lifelike portrait;栩栩如生的肖像；〔pique〕The portrait piqued her curiosity.这幅肖像引起她的好奇〔panoply〕a portrait of the general in full panoply.身着盛装的将军的肖像〔portrait〕Abbr. por.A likeness of a person, especially one showing the face, that is created by a painter or photographer, for example.缩写 por.肖像，肖像画：如由画家或摄影师创作的个人的画像或照片，例如脸部〔Brady〕American pioneer photographer who was famous for his portraits and was appointed official Union photographer of the Civil War in 1861.布雷迪，马修B.：(1823-1896) 美国摄影先驱，因其肖像摄影而闻名，在1861年美国内战中被指定为官方摄影协会成员〔effigy〕A likeness or image, especially of a person.肖像：模拟画或肖像，特别是指人〔head〕A portrait or representation of a person's head.头像：一个人物头部的肖像或艺术作品〔Murillo〕Spanish painter of genre scenes, portraits, and religious subjects, such asImmaculate Conception (1668). 牟利罗，巴托洛米奥·埃斯特巴：(1617-1682) 西班牙风俗、肖像和宗教题材的画家，比如《圣灵怀胎》 1668 〔Gainsborough〕British portrait and landscape painter. His masterpieces includeThe Blue Boy and The Harvest Wagon (both c. 1770). 根兹伯罗，托马斯：(1727-1788) 英国肖像与风景来画家。他的代表品，包括《忧郁的男孩》 和 《丰收马车》 （都完成于1770年） 〔Beaux〕American artist who excelled in portraits, especially those of women and children.博阿，塞西莉亚：(1863-1942) 美国艺术家，擅长肖像画，特别是女人和孩子的肖像〔Davidson〕American sculptor best remembered for his vigorous portrait busts of Woodrow Wilson, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Albert Einstein, among others.戴维斯，约（瑟夫）：(1883-1952) 美国雕刻家，因创作力旺盛的肖像而最被人们纪念，其中有伍德罗·威尔森、富兰克林·D·罗斯福和阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦〔iconoclast〕An iconoclast can be unpleasant company,but at least the modern iconoclast only attacks such things as ideas and institutions.The original iconoclasts destroyed countless works of art.Eikonoklastēs, the ancestor of our word, was first formed in Medieval Greek from the elements eikōn, "image, likeness,” and -klastēs, "breaker,” fromklan, "to break.” The images referred to by the word are religious images,which were the subject of controversy among Christians of the Byzantine Empire in the 8th and 9th centuries, when iconoclasm was at its height.Those who opposed images did not, of course, simply destroy them, although many were demolished;they also attempted to have the images barred from display and veneration.During the Protestant Reformationimages in churches were again felt to be idolatrous and were once more banned and destroyed.It is around this time thaticonoclast, the descendant of the Greek word, is first recorded in English (1641), with reference to the Greek iconoclasts.In the 19th centuryiconoclast took on the secular sense that it has today, as in "Kant was the great iconoclast" (James Martineau).亵渎偶像者可能令人生厌，但至少现代的偶像毁坏者只是攻击思想和制度这类东西。最初的偶像破坏者却毁掉了无数的艺术作品。Eikonoklastes 最早见于中世纪希腊语，是我们现代词的前身，由 eikon 意为“图象，相象”和 -klastes 意为“毁坏者”组成， 它又来源于klan “打碎”的意思。 此词所说的肖像是指宗教的肖像，8至9世纪当毁坏偶像主义在拜占庭帝国盛行时，宗教偶像成为基督教徒中争执的焦点。反对宗教肖像的人尽管销毁了不少画像，但这并不是他们唯一的形式，他们也试图禁止偶像展览和偶像崇拜。在新教改革时期，教堂里的宗教画像再次被认为是盲目崇拜而遭到禁止和毁灭。正是在这一时期iconoclast 一词开始作为希腊语的衍生词在英语中出现， 第一次记录于1641年。到19世纪，iconoclast 一词开始有了现代的含意， 比如在“康德是一位伟大的传统叛逆者”（詹姆士·马提诺）〔Johnson〕American painter known for his genre scenes, such asOld Kentucky Home, and portraits of notable contemporaries. 约翰逊，伊斯曼：(1824-1906) 美国画家，以其风俗画著称，如《肯塔基州老家》 及同时代名人的肖像等 〔Delaroche〕French portrait and mural painter whose eclectic works combined elements of the classical and romantic schools.德拉·洛奇，希波利特·保罗：(1797-1856) 法国肖像和壁画画家，其广泛的作品兼容了古典主义和浪漫主义因素〔Whistler〕American painter whose subtle coloring and tonal harmony were influenced by musical aesthetics and Japanese art. His works include a portrait of his mother, entitledArrangement in Grey and Black (1872). 惠斯勒，詹姆斯·艾博特·麦克尼尔：(1834-1903) 一位美国画家，他的精细微妙的色彩及色调的和谐，受音乐美学和日本艺术的影响。他的作品包括一幅他母亲的肖像，标题为《艺术家的母亲》 （1872年） 〔take〕To put down an image, a likeness, or a representation of by or as by drawing, painting, or photography:绘画，照相：通过或仿佛通过绘画、油画或摄影记录下…的一个形象、肖像或象征：〔portraitist〕A person who makes portraits, especially a painter or photographer.肖像画家，人像摄影师：肖像制作者，尤指肖像画家或人像摄影师〔imagery〕Representative images, particularly statues or icons.像：代表其它物品的图象，特别指塑像或肖像〔tiki〕A wooden or stone image of a Polynesian god.玻利尼西亚的一个神的木制或石制肖像〔iconic〕Of, relating to, or having the character of an icon.肖像的，与肖像有关的，具有肖像特点的〔John〕British painter whose portraits, as of George Bernard Shaw (1914) and Thomas Hardy (1923), offer unflattering characterizations.约翰，奥古斯都·埃德温：(1878-1961) 英国画家，其肖像画提供了写实逼真的人物刻画，如乔治·萧伯纳(1914年）及托玛斯·哈代(1923年）的肖像〔represent〕The central meaning shared by these verbs is "to render or present a realistic image or likeness of": 这些动词共有的中心意思是“提供或呈现…逼真的肖像或画像”： 〔courtly〕courtly furniture and pictures.庄严的家具和肖像〔Copley〕American Loyalist painter who did portraits of John Hancock and Paul Revere before departing for England when the American Revolution seemed imminent.科普利，约翰·辛格尔顿：(1738-1815) 美国画家，亲英而反对美国独立，在美国独立革命逼近时离开美国前往英国，在此之前曾为约翰·汉考克及保罗·里维尔画过肖像〔Nadar〕French photographer known for his aerial views of Paris and his portraits of figures in the arts, including Edouard Manet and Charles Baudelaire.纳达：法国摄影家，因其拍摄的巴黎空中照片和艺术人物的肖像，包括爱多艾德·马奈和查尔斯·波德莱尔，而闻名〔Smibert〕Scottish-born American painter known for his portraits of colonists and for designing Faneuil Hall in Boston (1742).斯米伯特，约翰：(1688-1751) 苏格兰裔美国画家，以其为殖民者人物画的肖像和设计波士顿法纽伊尔大殿(1742年）而出名〔speaking〕a speaking likeness.栩栩如生的肖像〔Madison〕First Lady of the United States (1809-1817) as the wife of President James Madison. She earlier served as White House hostess for the widowed Thomas Jefferson. During the British invasion of Washington, D.C. (1814), she heroically carried important government papers and a portrait of George Washington to safety.麦迪逊，多尔雷·佩恩·托德：(1768-1849) 美国的第一夫人(1809-1817年），詹姆士·麦迪逊总统之妻。早期她替丧妻的托马斯·杰弗逊担当白宫的女主人。英军入侵华盛顿特区的时候(1814年），她曾英勇地将一些重要的政府文件及一幅乔治·华盛顿的肖像转移到安全的地方〔approximate〕sketched an approximate likeness of the suspect.勾画出嫌疑者的大致肖像 |
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