| 单词 | 脊椎动物 |
| 释义 | 〔splanchnopleure〕A layer of embryonic cells formed in vertebrates by association of part of the mesoderm with the endoderm and developing into the wall of the viscera.胚脏壁，脏腑层：通过中胚层和内胚层联结而形成的脊椎动物的胚胎细胞层，并发展成内脏〔head〕The uppermost or forwardmost part of the body of a vertebrate, containing the brain and the eyes, ears, nose, mouth, and jaws.头部：脊椎动物身体的最高部或最前部，包括大脑、眼睛、耳朵、鼻子、嘴巴和下颌〔pronate〕To turn or rotate (a limb) so that the inner surface faces down or back. Used of a vertebrate animal.使（手，前肢等）掌面向下：转或旋（四肢）使其内侧表面朝下或朝后。用来指脊椎动物〔belly〕The underside of the body of certain vertebrates, such as snakes and fish.腹部：某些脊椎动物身体的下部，如蛇和鱼〔digit〕A corresponding part in other vertebrates.手指，足趾：其它脊椎动物相对应的部位〔giardia〕Any of various flagellated, usually nonpathogenic protozoa of the genusGiardia that may be parasitic in the intestines of vertebrates including human beings and most domestic animals. 贾第鞭毛虫属：一种鞭毛形通常是无致病原因的原生动物属贾第虫属 ，可能寄生在脊椎动物体内（包括人和大部分家禽） 〔parvovirus〕Any of a group of small viruses that contain DNA in an icosahedral protein shell and cause disease in many vertebrates, especially mammals such as dogs and cattle.小脱氧核糖核酸病毒：一类在二十面体蛋白外壳中含有脱氧核糖核酸的小病毒中的任一种，在许多脊椎动物，尤其是狗和牛等哺乳动物中引起疾病〔brachial〕Of, relating to, or resembling the arm or a similar or homologous part, such as the foreleg, wing, or other forelimb of a vertebrate:臂的：属于、有关或类似于臂及臂的类似物或同源物，如脊椎动物的前腿、翅膀或其他前肢的：〔endoskeleton〕An internal supporting skeleton, derived from the mesoderm, that is characteristic of vertebrates and certain invertebrates.骨骼：体内支撑的骨骼，由中胚层而来的，是脊椎动物及某些无脊椎动物所特有的特性〔spermatophore〕A capsule or compact mass of spermatozoa extruded by the males of certain invertebrates and primitive vertebrates and directly transferred to the reproductive parts of the female.精子包囊，精包：某些雄性无脊椎动物或低级脊椎动物射出的直接进入雌性生殖系统中的精子囊或紧密的精子团〔nephron〕Any of the numerous filtering units of the vertebrate kidney that remove waste matter from the blood.肾单位：脊椎动物肾内能将废物从血液中清除的无数个能起过滤作用的单位的任何一个〔clavicle〕One of the bones of the pectoral girdle in many vertebrates.胸带骨：许多脊椎动物的胸带骨中的一块〔flesh〕The soft tissue of the body of a vertebrate, covering the bones and consisting mainly of skeletal muscle and fat.肌肉组织：脊椎动物身体主要由骨骼肌和脂肪构成的软组织，覆在骨骼上〔epidermis〕An integument or outer layer of various invertebrates.表皮皮层：非脊椎动物最外层的皮层〔squamosal〕Of or relating to the thin, platelike part of the human temporal bone or to a corresponding part in other vertebrates.鳞状骨的：人体内暂时性骨头上薄薄的盘状物或与之有关的，或者其他脊椎动物相应的类似特征的〔coracoid〕A beak-shaped bone articulating with the scapula and sternum in most lower vertebrates, such as birds and reptiles.喙突：大多数低等脊椎动物（如鸟类和爬行动物）的一块喙状骨头，有关节与肩板及胸骨相连〔myc〕Any of a group of vertebrate oncogenes whose product, a DNA binding protein, is thought to promote the growth of tumor cells.真菌：脊椎动物致瘤基因的一种，其产物去氧糖核酸结合性蛋白质被认为促使了肿瘤细胞的生长〔batrachian〕Of or relating to vertebrate amphibians without tails, such as frogs and toads.无尾两栖脊椎动物：无尾的脊椎两栖类的，如青蛙和蟾蜍〔toe〕One of the digits of a vertebrate.趾：脊椎动物的足趾中的一个〔somatopleure〕A complex sheet of embryonic cells in craniate vertebrates, formed by association of part of the mesoderm with the ectoderm and developing as the internal body wall.胚体壁：颅骨脊椎动物中一层复杂的胚体细胞，由部分中胚层及外胚层联合组成，形成身体内壁〔tapeworm〕Any of various ribbonlike, often very long flatworms of the class Cestoda, that lack an alimentary canal and are parasitic in the intestines of vertebrates, including human beings.绦虫：任一种绦虫纲的带状且通常较长的扁虫，没有消化道。寄生在包括人类在内的脊椎动物的肠腔内〔milt〕The spleen of certain vertebrate animals, such as cows or pigs.脾脏：某些脊椎动物的脾脏，如牛或猪的〔fetus〕The unborn young of a viviparous vertebrate having a basic structural resemblance to the adult animal.胎：基本结构与成年动物相似的胎生脊椎动物未出生的幼子〔cryptosporidium〕A protozoan of the genusCryptosporidium that is an intestinal parasite in humans and other vertebrates and sometimes causes diarrhea that is especially severe in immunocompromised individuals. 隐性芽胞虫菌：隐性芽胞虫菌属 的原生动物，是在人类和其它脊椎动物肠部的寄生虫，有时候会引起腹泻，在免疫功能不足的人身上会特别严重 〔interclavicle〕A bone located in front of the sternum and between the clavicles in certain vertebrates, such as reptiles and amphibians.间锁骨：某些脊椎动物，如爬行动物和两栖动物，胸骨前和锁骨间的一块骨头〔pes〕A foot or footlike part, especially the foot of a four-footed vertebrate.脚，足：脚或类似脚的部位，尤其指四足脊椎动物的足〔midgut〕The middle section of the digestive tract in a vertebrate embryo from which the ileum, jejunum, and portions of the duodenum and colon develop. Also called mesenteron 中肠：脊椎动物胚胎中消化道的中间部分，回肠、空肠、部分十二指肠和节肠均属此部位 也作 mesenteron〔hemoglobin〕The iron-containing respiratory pigment in red blood cells of vertebrates, consisting of about 6 percent heme and 94 percent globin.血红蛋白：脊椎动物红血细胞中一种含铁的呼吸色素，由大约6%的血红素和94%的球蛋白组成〔mesonephros〕The second of the three excretory organs that develop in a vertebrate embryo, becoming the functioning kidney in fish and amphibians but replaced by the metanephros in higher vertebrates. Also called Wolffian body 中肾：在脊椎动物胚胎内发育而成的三对排泄器官中的第二对，作为功能肾存在于鱼类和两栖类体内，但在更高级的脊椎动物中则发育成后肾 也作 Wolffian body〔somite〕A segmental mass of mesoderm in the vertebrate embryo, occurring in pairs along the notochord and developing into muscles and vertebrae.体节：脊椎动物胚胎中胚层中的体节物质，沿脊索成对出现，后生长成肌肉或脊椎〔blood〕The fluid consisting of plasma, blood cells, and platelets that is circulated by the heart through the vertebrate vascular system, carrying oxygen and nutrients to and waste materials away from all body tissues.血液：由血浆、血细胞和血小板组成的液体，由心脏驱动在脊椎动物的血管系统里循环，血液可将氧气和营养物质输送到全身的细胞组织中，并排放无用物质〔skeleton〕The hard external supporting and protecting structure in many invertebrates, such as mollusks and crustaceans, and certain vertebrates, such as turtles; exoskeleton.骨干：许多非脊椎动物身体外部起支持和保护作用的结构，例如软体动物和甲壳纲的动物，另外还包括一些脊椎动物，例如海龟；外骨骼〔ectoderm〕The outermost of the three primary germ layers of an embryo, from which the epidermis, nervous tissue, and, in vertebrates, sense organs develop.外胚层：胚胎最初三层胚层中的最外一层，由此发育成为表皮、神经组织和脊椎动物的感觉器官〔tibia〕A corresponding bone in other vertebrates. Also called shinbone 类似于胫骨：其它脊椎动物身上相对应的骨 也作 shinbone〔morphology〕the morphology of a cell; the morphology of vertebrates.细胞形态学；脊椎动物的形态学〔vomer〕A thin flat bone forming the inferior and posterior part of the nasal septum and dividing the nostrils in most vertebrates.犁骨：形成鼻中隔膜下后部的一块薄而平的骨头，在大多数脊椎动物中分开鼻孔〔otolith〕One of many minute calcareous particles found in the inner ear of certain lower vertebrates and in the statocysts of many invertebrates.耳石：某些低等脊椎动物的内耳和许多无脊椎动物的平衡囊中的细小石灰质微粒〔Marsh〕American paleontologist noted for his study of vertebrate fossils found in the northwestern United States.马什，奥斯尼尔·查尔斯：(1831-1899) 美国古生物学家，因研究美国西北部发现的脊椎动物的化石而著名〔tongue〕The fleshy, movable, muscular organ, attached in most vertebrates to the floor of the mouth, that is the principal organ of taste, an aid in chewing and swallowing, and, in human beings, an important organ of speech.舌，舌头：绝大多数脊椎动物具有的连接于嘴巴下端的多肉、能动、强壮的器官。它是主要的味觉器官，咀嘴和吞食的辅助器官，对于人类，它还是重要的语言器官〔triploblastic〕Having three germ layers. Used of the vertebrate embryo.三重胚的：具有三层原胚层的。用于脊椎动物的胚胎 |
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