| 单词 | 脱氧核糖核酸 |
| 释义 | 〔semiconservative〕Of or designating the replication of a nucleic acid molecule, especially DNA, by separation of the two original strands of the molecule so that each acts as a template on which a new, complementary strand is laid down.半保留的：通过分开原来的两部分以使每一部分都掺入到一新的整体中，并作为形成缺失部分的样板的核酸分子的复制的或由之指派的，尤指脱氧核糖核酸的〔mutation〕The process by which such a sudden structural change occurs, either through an alteration in the nucleotide sequence of the DNA coding for a gene or through a change in the physical arrangement of a chromosome.突变，变种：突变发生的过程，是通过基因的脱氧核糖核酸密码的核苷酸顺序的改变或者通过染色体内部的物理重新排列〔cytosine〕A pyrimidine base, C4H 5N 3O, that is an essential constituent of RNA and DNA. 胞核嘧啶：一种嘧啶碱基，C4H 5N 3O，是核糖核酸和脱氧核糖核酸的基本成分 〔pseudogene〕A segment of DNA resembling a gene but lacking a genetic function.假遗传因子：DNA（脱氧核糖核酸）的一部分，类似于遗传因子但没有其遗传功能〔virion〕A complete viral particle, consisting of RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein shell and constituting the infective form of a virus.病毒粒子：一整个病毒粒子，由被蛋白质外壳包围的核糖核酸或脱氧核糖核酸组成，并构成一个病毒的传染形式〔parvo〕A parvovirus.细小病毒，小脱氧核糖核酸病毒〔Watson〕American biologist who with Francis Crick proposed a spiral model, the double helix, for the molecular structure of DNA. He shared a 1962 Nobel Prize for advances in the study of genetics.沃森，詹姆斯·杜威：(生于 1928) 美国生物学家，与法朗西斯·克里克共同提出了脱氧核糖核酸分子结构的双螺旋模型。由于其在基因研究上的进展于1962年与人分享诺贝尔奖〔Wilkins〕British biophysicist. He shared the 1962 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine for advances in the study of DNA.威尔金斯，莫里斯·休·弗雷德里克：(生于 1916) 英国生物物理学家。他因推进了脱氧核糖核酸的研究而获1962年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖〔herpesvirus〕Any of a group of DNA-containing animal viruses that form characteristic inclusion bodies within the nuclei of host cells and cause diseases such as chickenpox, infectious mononucleosis, herpes simplex, and shingles.疱疹病毒：一种含有脱氧核糖核酸的动物病毒之一，可在寄主细胞核内形成明显的内含物实体，因而引起如水痘、传染性单核细胞增多症，单纯性疱疹和带状疱疹〔poxvirus〕Any of a group of DNA-containing viruses, including those that cause smallpox, cowpox, and other poxlike diseases in vertebrates.痘病毒：一组含脱氧核糖核酸的病毒，包括那些在脊椎动物中引起天花、牛痘以及其他类似疾病的病毒〔DNA〕A nucleic acid that carries the genetic information in the cell and is capable of self-replication and synthesis of RNA. DNA consists of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix and joined by hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases adenine and thymine or cytosine and guanine. The sequence of nucleotides determines individual hereditary characteristics.脱氧核糖核酸：一种在细胞中带有基因信息的核酸，能够自行复制并合成核糖核酸，DNA由两个核甙酸长链组成，这两个核甙酸链交结成一个双螺旋体〔thymine〕A pyrimidine base, C5H 6N 2O 2, that is an essential constituent of DNA. 胸腺碱：一种属于脱氧核糖核酸重要成分的嘧啶碱C5H 6N 2O 2 〔parvovirus〕Any of a group of small viruses that contain DNA in an icosahedral protein shell and cause disease in many vertebrates, especially mammals such as dogs and cattle.小脱氧核糖核酸病毒：一类在二十面体蛋白外壳中含有脱氧核糖核酸的小病毒中的任一种，在许多脊椎动物，尤其是狗和牛等哺乳动物中引起疾病〔exonuclease〕Any of a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of single nucleotides from the end of a DNA or RNA chain.核酸外切酶：从脱氧核糖核酸链或核糖核酸链的末端催化单核苷酸水解的一种酶〔dATP〕One of the two purine nucleotides that are used to synthesize DNA.脱氧腺苷三磷酸：用来合成脱氧核糖核酸的两个嘌呤核苷酸之一〔nonchromosomal〕nonchromosomal DNA.不涉及染色体的脱氧核糖核酸〔antisense〕Of or relating to a nucleotide sequence that is complementary to a sequence of messenger RNA. When antisense DNA or RNA is added to a cell, it binds to a specific messenger RNA molecule and inactivates it.反义的：补充信使核糖核酸序列的核苷酸序列的，或与其相关的。反义脱氧核糖核酸或反义核糖核酸加入细胞时，会绑住特定的信使核糖核酸分子并阻止信使核糖核酸分子活动〔polymerase〕Any of various enzymes that catalyze the formation of polynucleotides of DNA or RNA using an existing strand of DNA or RNA as a template.聚合酶：一种催化脱氧核糖核酸或核糖核酸的多聚核苷酸生成的酶，它利用一段既成的脱氧核糖核酸或核糖核酸作为核酸的模子〔Pulmozyme〕A trademark used for the drug dornase alfa.百慕时：α脱氧核糖核酸酶药剂的商标〔muton〕The smallest unit of DNA at which a mutation can occur; a nucleotide.突变子：能够产生巨变的脱氧核糖核酸的最小单位；一个核苷酸〔dTTP〕One of the two pyrimidine nucleotides that are used to synthesize DNA.脱氧胸腺嘧啶三磷酸：用来合成脱氧核糖核酸的两个嘧啶核苷酸之一〔dCTP〕One of the two pyrimidine nucleotides that are used to synthesize DNA.脱氧胞苷三磷酸：用来合成脱氧核糖核酸的两个嘧啶核酸之一〔genomics〕The study of all of the nucleotide sequences, including structural genes, regulatory sequences, and noncoding DNA segments, in the chromosomes of an organism.基因组：对所有核苷酸序列的研究，包括生物染色体中的结构基因、调节序列和未编码的脱氧核糖核酸节段〔polyoma〕A small form of the papovavirus that contains DNA and is associated with the formation of various tumors in rodents. Also called polyoma virus 名瘤病毒：一种乳头多瘤空泡病毒的较小形态，含有脱氧核糖核酸，和啮齿目动物的各种肿瘤的形成有关 也作 polyoma virus〔prophase〕The first stage of meiosis, constituted by a series of events that include DNA replication, the synapsis of homologous chromosomes, crossing over, the formation of chiasmata, and contraction of the chromosomes.前期阶：减数分裂的第一个阶段，由一系列的事件组成，包括脱氧核糖核酸的复制，同种染色体结合、交叉，染色体形成以及染色体的收缩〔adenovirus〕Any of a group of DNA-containing viruses that cause conjunctivitis and upper respiratory tract infections in humans.腺病毒：导致人类结合腺类及上呼吸道感染的一组含有脱氧核糖核酸的病原体〔Crick〕British biologist who with James D. Watson proposed a spiral model, the double helix, for the molecular structure of DNA. He shared a 1962 Nobel Prize for advances in the study of genetics.克里克，弗朗西斯·亨利·康普顿：(生于 1916) 英国生物学家，他与詹姆士·D.沃森一起为脱氧核糖核酸的分子结构提出了双螺旋这种螺旋模型。他因在遗传学研究方面的进展而获得1962年诺贝尔奖〔dGTP〕One of the two purine nucleotides that are used to synthesize DNA.脱氧胞苷三磷酸：用来合成脱氧核糖核酸的两个嘌呤核苷酸之一〔nucleosome〕Any of the repeating subunits of chromatin, consisting of a DNA chain coiled around a core of histones.核小体：染色质反复的从属单位，由盘绕在组蛋白核的脱氧核糖核酸链条构成〔cosmid〕A hybrid vector that has been spliced with plasmid DNA for cloning large genes or gene fragments.黏粒，装配型质粒：为合成的遗传媒介，结合克隆大基因或大基因碎片的质粒脱氧核糖核酸载体〔mitomycin〕Any of a group of antibiotics produced by the soil actinomyceteStreptomyces caespitosus that inhibit DNA synthesis and are used against bacteria and cancerous tumor cells. 自力霉素：任何一组由土壤放线菌类尖状链菌霉 产生的抗生物质，它抑制脱氧核糖核酸形成，用来抗菌及抗癌症肿瘤细胞 〔prokaryote〕An organism of the kingdom Prokaryotae, constituting the bacteria and cyanobacteria, characterized by the absence of a nuclear membrane and by DNA that is not organized into chromosomes.原生物核：原生物王国的组织，它组成细菌和藻青菌，其特点是缺乏一个核细胞膜以及没有组织成染色体的脱氧核糖核酸〔guanine〕A purine base, C5H 5ON 5, that is an essential constituent of both RNA and DNA. 鸟嘌呤：一种嘌呤碱，分子式为C5H 5ON 5，为核糖核酸和脱氧核糖核酸的主要组成部分 〔deoxyribonuclease〕DNase.DNase，脱氧核糖核酸酶〔genotoxin〕A chemical or other agent that damages cellular DNA, resulting in mutations or cancer.基因毒素：损害细胞脱氧核糖核酸的化学制剂或其它制剂，会引发突变或癌症〔base〕One of the purines (adenine and guanine) or pyrimidines (cystosine, thymine, and uracil) that occurs attached to the sugar component of DNA or RNA.碱基：嘌呤（腺嘌呤和鸟嘌呤）或嘧啶（胸嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和尿嘧啶）的一种，附着在脱氧核糖核酸或核糖核酸的糖分子上〔DNase〕An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of DNA.脱氧核糖核酸酶：一种催化DNA水解的酶〔transposon〕A segment of DNA that is capable of moving to a new position within the same or another chromosome, plasmid, or cell and thereby transferring genetic properties such as resistance to antibiotics.转位子：一种脱氧核糖核酸片断，它能够移到同一个或另一个染色体、质体或细胞上的新位置，并转录各种基因的特性，如对抗菌体的抵抗力〔palindrome〕A segment of double-stranded DNA in which the nucleotide sequence of one strand reads in reverse order to that of the complementary strand.回文结构：含有双股脱氧核糖核酸的一部分，其中的核苷酸系列的一股颠倒顺序来读取即为互补的一股 |
| 随便看 |
|
英汉汉英双解词典收录301015条英汉双解翻译词条，可根据汉字查询相应的英文词汇，基本涵盖了全部常用汉字的英文读音、翻译及用法，是英语学习及翻译工作的有利工具。