| 单词 | 脸庞 |
| 释义 | 〔deface〕face [face] * see face face [脸庞] * 参见 face〔swerve〕eyes that never once swerved from her face;一刻不离她脸庞的眼睛；〔smile〕"Tom saw a smile of contempt pass over the young curate's features" (Henry Kingsley).Agrin is a broad smile that exposes the teeth; often it is a spontaneous expression of mirth, good humor, approval, or triumph: “汤姆看到一丝鄙视的表情闪过牧师的脸庞” （亨利·金斯利）。Ggrin 是一种面积较大的微笑，露出牙齿； 通常它表示一种自然的欢乐、心情愉快、同意或胜利的感情： 〔elderly〕"a venerable-looking man, with white hair and beard and a face of great sagacity" (Samuel Butler).“他白发银须，脸庞睿智，看起来德高望重” （塞缪尔·巴特勒）。〔lapidary〕a face with lapidary features.轮廓鲜明的脸庞〔mold〕the oval mold of her face.她椭圆形的脸庞〔sanguine〕Perhaps one has wondered what the connection betweensanguinary, "bloodthirsty,” and sanguine, "cheerfully optimistic,” could be. The connection can be found in medieval physiology with its notion of the four humors (blood, bile, phlegm, and black bile).These four body fluids were thought to determine a person's temperament,or distinguishing mental and physical characteristics.Thus, if blood was the predominant humor, one had a ruddy face and a disposition marked by courage, hope, and a readiness to fall in love.Such a temperament was calledsanguine, the Middle English ancestor of our wordsanguine. The sources of the Middle English word were Old Frenchsanguin and Latin sanguineus, the source of the French word. Both the Old French and Latin words meant "bloody,” "blood-colored,”Old Frenchsanguin having the sense "sanguine in temperament" as well. Latinsanguineus in turn was derived from sanguīs, "blood,” just as English sanguinary is. The English adjectivesanguine, first recorded in Middle English before 1350, went on to refer simply to the cheerfulness and optimism that accompanied a sanguine temperament,no longer having any direct reference to medieval physiology.也许有人对sanguinary （“嗜血的”）和 sanguine （“愉快乐观的”）两词之间的联系感到不解。 这种联系可以追溯到中世纪生理学中四种体液的概念（多血质型、胆汁型、黏液型和抑郁型）。这四种体液被认为可决定人的性格，或者能区分出精神和肉体上的特征。因此，如果血液是最主要的体液，一个人就应有红润的脸庞和以勇敢、充满希望、易于陷入情网为特征的性情。这种性情被称为sanguine ， 也就是我们sanguine 一词的中世纪英语的原形。 中世纪英语中该词源于古法语sanguin 一词和拉丁文 sanguineus （法语词的来源）。 在古法语和拉丁文中，该词意思都是“流血的”、“血色的”，古法语sanguin 还含有“生性乐天派的”之意。 拉丁文的sanguineus 也是由 sanguis （“血的”）而来，正如英语中的 sanguinary 一词。 英语形容词sanguine 最初记载于1350年以前的中古英语中， 演化为仅指伴随乐天派性情而具有的愉快和乐观之义，与中世纪生理学没有直接联系〔smirch〕"their tough, hostile faces, smirched by the grime and rust"(Henry Roth)“他们生硬、敌视、沾满污垢和铁锈的脸庞”(亨利·罗斯) |
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