| 单词 | 自然 |
| 释义 | 〔Osborn〕American paleontologist who was president (1908-1935) of the American Museum of Natural History in New York City.奥斯本，亨利·费尔菲尔德：(1857-1935) 美国古生物学家，纽约市美国自然历史博物馆馆长(1908-1935年）〔Donatello〕Italian sculptor renowned as a pioneer of the Renaissance style with his natural, lifelike figures, such as the bronze statueDavid. 多那太罗：意大利雕塑家，是文艺复兴风格的先驱者，以其生动自然、形象逼真的人物像著名，代表作有青铜雕像《大卫象》 〔mineral〕Any of various natural substances, as:自然物质的一种，如：〔ossification〕The natural process of bone formation.成骨：骨头形成的自然过程〔metagalaxy〕The assemblage of all galaxies; the entire physical universe.总星系：所有星系的总称；整个自然宇宙〔fit〕Proper describes what is harmonious, either by nature or because it accords with reason, custom, or propriety: Proper 描写的是因与伦理、风俗或礼仪相符而和谐的或是自然的： 〔nonpersistent〕Having a short life or existence under natural conditions:非持久的：在自然的条件下有很短的生命或存在时间很短的：〔shed〕To lose by natural process:脱落：通过自然演化过程失去：〔strip〕To clear of a natural covering or growth; make bare:清除：清除自然覆盖物或生长物；使光秃：〔Prakrit〕prākṛta- [natural, vulgar, vernacular] prākṛta- [自然的，通俗的，方言] 〔inconsequent〕Proceeding without a natural or logical sequence; haphazard:不切题的：没有按一个自然的或逻辑的程序去进行的；偶然的：〔life〕Actual environment or reality; nature.世事：实际的环境或现实；自然〔wetland〕A lowland area, such as a marsh or swamp, that is saturated with moisture, especially when regarded as the natural habitat of wildlife:湿地：一块浸满了水的低地，如沼泽或湿地，尤其指它被当作野生动物的自然居住区时：〔geography〕The physical characteristics, especially the surface features, of an area.地形，地貌：某一地区的自然特征，尤指地表特点〔fantastic〕Fanciful applies to a character, nature, or design strongly influenced by imagination, caprice, or whimsy: Fanciful 指人物、自然或图案受想象、幻想或奇想强烈影响： 〔sculpture〕Ridges, indentations, or other markings, as on a shell, formed by natural processes.刻纹：通过自然过程形成的条纹、刻纹或者其它标记，如在贝壳上〔bioregion〕An area constituting a natural ecological community with characteristic flora, fauna, and environmental conditions and bounded by natural rather than artificial borders.生物区域：形成自然生态群落的区域，有其特征植物区系、动物区系以及环境条件，通常有非人为的自然边界〔physics〕from phusis [nature] * see bheuə- 源自 phusis [自然] * 参见 bheuə- 〔Erigena〕Irish-born theologian and philosopher who sought to reconcile Neo-Platonism and Christian belief in his principal work,On the Division of Nature (862-866). 埃里金纳，约翰·斯科图斯：(810?-877?) 出生于爱尔兰的神学家与哲学家，曾试图在他的主要著作《论自然的区分》 （862-866年）中使新柏拉图主义与基督教信仰相结合 〔apprehend〕These verbs are compared as they denote perception of the nature and significance of something.在意指对自然及某些事物的感知时，这些动词作比较。〔true〕Conforming to the definitive criteria of a natural group; typical:纯粹的，纯种的：符合自然群体的明确标准的；典型的：〔aesthete〕One who cultivates an unusually high sensitivity to beauty, as in art or nature.审美家：对诸如艺术及自然之美具有异乎寻常高敏感度的人〔contemporary〕He is an adherent of the theories of Sigmund Freud and had a concomitant belief in the efficacy of psychoanalysis. 他是西格蒙·弗洛伊德学说的信徒，自然也就相信解析的功效 〔alkali〕Any of various soluble mineral salts found in natural water and arid soils.可溶性无机盐：在自然水体和干旱的土壤中所含可溶性无机盐中的一种〔connate〕"In the wilderness, I find something more dear and connate than in streets and villages"(Ralph Waldo Emerson)“在野外，我发现了一些比街道和山庄更可爱和自然的东西”(拉尔夫·沃尔多·埃默森)〔apatite〕A natural, variously colored calcium fluoride phosphate, Ca5F(PO 4) 3, with chlorine, hydroxyl, or carbonate sometimes replacing the fluoride. It is a source of phosphorus for plants and is used in the manufacture of fertilizers. 磷灰石：一种自然的，多色的钙氟化物磷酸盐，Ca5F(PO 4) 3，其氟化物成分有时被氯，羟基或碳酸盐所取代。它是植物的一种磷肥并用来制造化肥 〔kind〕from Old English gecynde [natural] * see genə- 源自 古英语 gecynde [自然的] * 参见 genə- 〔stearoptene〕The portion of a natural essential oil that separates out as a white, crystalline solid on cooling or standing.玫瑰蜡：自然香精油经过冷却和沉淀分离出的白色晶状固体部分〔physic〕from phusis [nature] * see bheuə- 源自 phusis [自然] * 参见 bheuə- 〔gravity〕The natural force of attraction exerted by a celestial body, such as Earth, upon objects at or near its surface, tending to draw them toward the center of the body.重力：天体如地球，所施加的自然吸引力，如地球，对处于或接近其表面的物体有将它们拉向其中心的趋势〔pitch〕Any of various natural bitumens, such as mineral pitch or asphalt.树脂，自然沥青：某种自然的沥青，如矿石沥青或树脂〔untaught〕Not acquired by instruction; natural.自然的：并非通过教导获得的；自然的〔naturalism〕Factual or realistic representation, especially:自然，现实：事实的或现实的表现，尤其是〔trashed〕Expressions for intoxication are among those that best showcase the creativity of slang. The boundless inventiveness in expressing the ordinary in not-so-ordinary ways led Walt Whitman to describe slang as"an attempt of common humanity to escape from bald literalism, and express itself illimitably.” Colloquial and slang expressions meaning "intoxicated" can fill several pages in slang thesauruses. Most fall into a few general groups. Common are expressions that originally meant "damaged, badly affected by something,” such as trashed, smashed, crocked, blitzed, hammered, wasted, messed up, and blasted. Cooking terms are also common, such as baked, fried, and boiled (said to have been coined at Princeton University in the 1920s). Terms relating to liquids or being filled are a natural source of metaphors for filling oneself up with drink or drugs: sloshed, oiled, tanked, and loaded are but a few. Some terms are not easily classified or have origins that are not fully clear, such as tight (first appearing in the 1830s), plastered (first appearing around 1912), blotto (perhaps from blot, first appearing in 1917), and stoned (apparently taken from such expressions as stone-drunk, stone-cold, and first appearing as stone in 1945). Most current terms for "intoxicated" are not very old, as one expects of slang terms generally; of those in the lists above, blotto, crocked, fried, loaded, plastered, tanked, tight, and oiled are recorded in the first half of the 20th century, and of these only tight and oiled are known to have existed before then. 表示喝醉的词语充分体现了俚语的创造性。用非同寻常的方式创造极为寻常的俚语，其间蕴藏了无限创造空间，华尔特·惠特曼将俚语描述为“让平常心从文字束缚中逃离，并随性表达出来” 。表示“喝醉的，酒醉的”的口语以及俚语的表达方式，可以填满俚语同义词的数页空间。大多数俚语可归入几个分类。许多常见俚语的原意为“被破坏的，受某物负面影响”，如 trashed、smashed、crocked、blitzed、hammered、wasted、messed up 以及 blasted 。烹饪词汇也很普遍，如 baked、fried 和 boiled （据说由普林斯顿大学于20世纪20年代创造）。与液体或注入有关的词语是隐喻表示过多饮酒或吸毒而形成的自然来源： sloshed、oiled、tanked 和 loaded 只是其中少数例子。有些词语不易界定其类别或其原意较不清楚，如 tight （首次出现于19世纪30年代）、 plastered （首次出现于1912年）、 blotto （可能源自 blot ，首次出现于1917年）以及 stoned （显然来自词语 stone-drunk和stone-cold ，并于1945年首次以 stone 的形式出现）。正如大家对俚语的普遍看法，大多数表示“喝醉的，酒醉的”的现行词语都较新；在如上所列词汇中， blotto、crocked、fried、loaded、plastered、tanked、tight 和 oiled 首次见载于19世纪中叶，只有 tight 和 oiled 是所知早于那个时期 〔Hudson〕British naturalist and writer whose works includeThe Purple Land that England Lost (1885) and Green Mansions (1904). 哈得孙，威廉·亨利：(1841-1922) 英国自然学家和作家，其作品包括《英国失去的那片紫土地》 （1885年）和 《绿厦》 （1904年） 〔regimen〕The systematic procedure of a natural phenomenon or process.自然情态：自然的现象或过程的系统的进程〔brim〕The rim or uppermost edge of a hollow container or natural basin.边沿，边缘：浅底容器或自然盆地的边缘或最上边〔relation〕A logical or natural association between two or more things; relevance of one to another; connection:关系：两个或更多的事物之间逻辑或自然的联系；相互的关联；联系：〔pumpkin〕Any of several other vines of the genusCucurbita, especially C. maxima or C. moschata, bearing large pumpkinlike squashes. 任一种南瓜 属的其它蔓生植物，尤指果实大而像南瓜的 自然种笋瓜 或 自然种南瓜 〔virgin〕Existing in native or raw form; not processed or refined.原始的：以自然的或原始的形式存在的；未进化或精炼的 |
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