| 单词 | 自然选择 |
| 释义 | 〔Darwinism〕A theory of biological evolution developed by Charles Darwin and others, stating that all species of organisms arise and develop through the natural selection of small, inherited variations that increase the individual's ability to compete, survive, and reproduce. Also called Darwinian theory 达尔文学说：由达尔文和其他人改进的生物进化理论，指出所有物种生物体的起源和发展都是通过小的、遗传变异的自然选择来增加个体的能力，来竞争、生存和再生 也作 Darwinian theory〔evolution〕The theory that groups of organisms change with passage of time, mainly as a result of natural selection, so that descendants differ morphologically and physiologically from their ancestors.进化论：主要由于自然选择的结果，生物体群经历了阶段性的变化，使后代在形态和生理上都与它们的祖先有所不同的理论〔selectionist〕Of or relating to the view that evolution or genetic variation occurs chiefly as a result of natural selection.自然选择论的：认为进化和遗传变异的发生是自然选择的结果的观点的或与之相关的〔quality〕"Natural Selection, entailing Divergence of Character and the Extinction of less-improved forms" (Charles Darwin).Atrait is a single, clearly delineated characteristic, as of a person or group of people: “自然选择，特性的遗传变异和进化较慢的形式的退化” （查尔斯·达尔文）。trait 是一种单一的、清晰地描绘出的特点，如一个人或一群人的： 〔exaptation〕The utilization of a structure or feature for a function other than that for which it was developed through natural selection.联适应：非通过自然选择而发展的功能的结构或特征的利用〔selectionist〕One who holds or favors a selectionist view.自然选择论者：持有或支持自然选择论观点的人〔Darwin〕British naturalist who revolutionized the study of biology with his theory of evolution based on natural selection. His most famous works includeOrigin of Species (1859) and The Descent of Man (1871). 达尔文，查尔斯·罗伯特：(1809-1882) 英国自然学家，以自然选择为基础的进化论学说彻底改革了生物学的研究。他最著名的著作包括《物种起源》 （1859年）和 《人类的遗传》 （1871年） |
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