| 单词 | 芭芭拉 |
| 释义 | 〔invade〕"The principal of the trusts could not be invaded without trustee approval"(Barbara Goldsmith)“未经受托人同意，受托的原则不被侵犯”(芭芭拉·哥尔德史密斯)〔Hepworth〕British sculptor best known for herSingle Form (Memorial to Dag Hammarskjöld) at the United Nations Plaza in New York City. 赫普沃思，芭芭拉：(1903-1975) 英国雕刻家，以纽约市联合国大厦前的《独影（纪念戴各·哈马啥尔德）》 而著名 〔Bush〕First Lady of the United States (since 1989) as the wife of President George Bush. She has been active in promoting literacy.布什，芭芭拉：(生于 1925) 美国第一夫人（自1989年），乔治·布什总统的夫人。她曾积极促进消除文盲的活动〔underclass〕"America can no longer afford racism and a neglect of the underclass"(Lance Morrow)"Divorced women and their children are becoming a new underclass"(Barbara Fisher Williamson)“美国已无法再承受种族歧视和忽视穷人所带来的损失”(兰斯·莫罗)“离婚妇女和她们的孩子正在形成新的社会最低层”(芭芭拉·费希尔·威廉逊)〔seamy〕"seamy tales of aberrant sexual practices, messy divorces, drug addiction, mental instability, and suicide attempts"(Barbara Goldsmith)“有关于异常的性行为、混乱的离婚、药物的沉溺、精神错乱和有自杀倾向的肮脏故事”(芭芭拉·哥尔德史密斯)〔Tuchman〕American historian who won a Pulitzer Prize forThe Guns of August (1962) and for Stilwell and the American Experience in China (1971). 图克曼，芭芭拉·韦尔特海默：(1912-1989) 美国历史学家，因其作品《八月枪口》 （1962年）和 《史迪威和美国人在中国的经历》 （1971年）而荣获普利策奖 〔McClintock〕American genetic botanist. She won a 1983 Nobel Prize for discovering that genes are mobile within the chromosomes of a plant cell.麦克林托克，芭芭拉：(生于 1902) 美国遗传植物学家，她因发现基因存活于植物细胞的染色体内而获得1983年诺贝尔奖〔Walters〕American television newscaster and reporter. After working for the National Broadcasting Company (1963-1976), she joined the American Broadcasting Company (1976-1979) and became the first woman to anchor the nightly news on network television.华特丝，芭芭拉：美国电视新闻广播员以及记者。1963至1976年间为国家广播公司工作，随后加入美国广播公司（1976-1979年）并成为第一位主持电视网夜间新闻的女性〔extrinsic〕"How is it possible to write about Frank Sinatra in a manner that suggests his music is in some way extrinsic to him?” (Barbara Grizzuti Harrison).What isextraneous comes from without and is inessential or irrelevant: “以把音乐和弗兰克·新纳特拉分开的方式，怎么可能去写关于他的文章呢？ （芭芭拉·格里朱迪·哈里森）。Extraneous 是指无本质联系或无关的： 〔substitute〕"Fantasies are more than substitutes for unpleasant reality"(Barbara Grizzuti Harrison)“幻想的意义并不仅仅在于作为失意的现实的替代物”(芭芭拉·格里族提·哈里森)〔utilize〕A number of critics have remarked thatutilize is an unnecessary substitute for use. It is true that many occurrences ofutilize could be replaced by use with no loss to anything but pretentiousness, for example, in sentences such asBarbara utilized (prefer used ) questionable methods in her analysis or We hope that many commuters will continue to utilize (prefer use ) mass transit after the bridge has reopened. Bututilize can mean "to find a profitable or practical use for.” Thus the sentenceThe teachers were unable to use the new computers might mean only that the teachers were unable to turn the computers on, whereasThe teachers were unable to utilize the new computers suggests that the teachers could not find ways to employ the computers in instruction. 一些批评家认为utilize 只是 use 的一个不必要的替换词。 在许多情况下utilize 可以被 use 替代，除了矫饰的风格被去掉之外意思上没有任何减损， 例如：Barbara utilized ( used 更可取） questionable methods in her analysis（芭芭拉在她的分析中用了一些有争议的方法） 或者 We hope that many commuters will continue to utilize ( use 更可取） mass transit after the bridge has reopened（我们希望许多乘公共汽车上下班者在桥重新开通之后仍旧使用公共交通）。 但是utilize 可指“为…找到一种有益的或实用的用途”。 因而下面这句话The teachers were unable to use the new computers（老师们不会使用新电脑） ，有可能指只有这些老师不会打开计算机， 而The teachers were unable to utilize the new computers（老师不会运用新计算机） 暗示了那些老师在指导时不知道如何利用电脑 〔underpin〕"the public awareness that must underpin a sustained and concerted development effort for Africa and its youth"(Barber B. Conable)“必须支持为非洲及非洲青年提供持续一致的发展努力的大众意识”(芭芭拉B.科纳伯)〔option〕"had optioned for a film several short stories about two policemen"(Barbara Goldsmith)“为一部影片选择了几篇关于两位警察的短篇小说”(芭芭拉·哥尔德史密斯)〔Ward〕British economist, conservationist, and writer whose works on ecology and political economy includeSpaceship Earth (1966) and Progress for a Small Planet (1980). 沃德，芭芭拉：(1914-1981) 英国经济学家、自然资源保护论者、作家，其关于生态保护和政治经济学方面的著作包括《地球飞船》 （1966年）和 《一个小行星的发展》 （1980年） |
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