| 单词 | 葡萄糖 |
| 释义 | 〔gluconeogenesis〕The formation of glucose, especially by the liver, from noncarbohydrate sources, such as amino acids and the glycerol portion of fats.糖质新生：葡萄糖的形成，尤指通过肝脏从非碳水化合物如氨基酸和丙三醇中形成〔saccharate〕A salt or an ester of saccharic acid.蔗糖酸盐：含葡萄糖的盐或酯〔hypoglycemia〕An abnormally low level of glucose in the blood.低血糖症：血液中葡萄糖不正常地低含量〔laminarin〕A polymer of glucose that is the principal storage product of brown algae.海带多糖：葡萄糖的多聚物，是褐藻的主要贮藏产物〔glycolysis〕The ATP-generating metabolic process that occurs in nearly all living cells by which carbohydrates and sugars, typically glucose, are converted in a series of steps to pyruvic acid.糖酵解：磷酸酯衍生物代谢过程，发生于几乎所有活细胞，通过这一过程，碳水化合物和糖、典型的如葡萄糖，经过一系步骤转化成乳酸〔invertase〕An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose. Also called saccharase ,sucrase 转化酶：催化蔗糖水解为葡萄糖和果糖的一种酶 也作 saccharase,sucrase〔phosphorylase〕An enzyme that catalyzes the production of glucose phosphate from glycogen and inorganic phosphate.磷酸化酶：一种催化从糖原和无机磷酸盐中产生葡萄糖磷酸盐的酶〔glucose〕A monosaccharide sugar, C6H 12O 6, occurring widely in most plant and animal tissue. It is the principal circulating sugar in the blood and the major energy source of the body. 葡萄糖：一种单糖，C6H 12O 6，广见于大多数动植物组织。它是血液中基本的循环糖和人体等主要能量来源 〔paramylum〕A carbohydrate resembling starch that is composed of glucose and forms the reserve foodstuff of certain algae.副淀粉，类淀粉，裸藻淀粉：一种类似淀粉的碳氢化合物，由葡萄糖构成并保留了某些藻类植物的营养成分〔glycogenolysis〕The biomedical breakdown of glycogen to glucose.肝糖水解，糖原分解作用：糖原转化成葡萄糖的生物医理分解〔metformin〕A oral antidiabetic agent, C4H 11N 5, that decreases glucose production by the liver and lowers plasma glucose levels. 二甲双胍：口服抗糖尿病药剂，C4H 11N 5，减少由肝生成的葡萄糖并降低血糖含量 〔Cori〕Czechoslovakian-born American biochemist. She shared a 1947 Nobel Prize with her husband,Carl Ferdinand Cori (1896-1984), and Bernardo A. Houssay for discovering the intermediate steps in glycogen-glucose conversion. 考瑞，格尔蒂·德肋撒·拉德尼茨：(1896-1957) 捷克斯洛伐克裔的美国生化学家。她与其丈夫卡尔·弗弟南德·科里 （1896-1984年）和波那多·A·华塞因发现糖原转化为葡萄糖的中间过程而同获1947年诺贝尔奖 〔dexamethasone〕A synthetic glucocorticoid used primarily in the treatment of inflammatory disorders.地塞米松：主要用于治疗人体机能失调的一种合成葡萄糖酸〔amygdalin〕A glycoside, C20H 27NO 11, commonly found in seeds and other plant parts of many members of the rose family, such as kernels of the apricot, peach, and bitter almond, which breaks down into hydroeyanic acid, benzaldehyde, and glucose. 苦杏仁素：一种糖苷，C20H 27NO 11，通常出现在植物种籽、蔷薇科植物的其它部分中，如杏、桃、苦杏仁的核中，可分解成水解酸、苯甲醛和葡萄糖 〔hyperglycemia〕The presence of an abnormally high concentration of glucose in the blood.血糖过多症，高血糖症：血液中葡萄糖不正常的高浓度〔dextran〕Any of a group of long-chain polymers of glucose with various molecular weights that are used in confections, in lacquers, as food additives, and as plasma volume expanders.葡聚糖：一组葡萄糖长链多聚物，分子量不同，用于糖果剂，或做食品添加剂，也可用作血浆体积膨胀剂〔insulin〕A polypeptide hormone secreted by the islets of Langerhans and functioning in the regulation of the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats, especially the conversion of glucose to glycogen, which lowers the blood glucose level.胰岛素：一种胰岛分泌的多肽激素，作用于碳水化合物和脂肪新陈代谢的调节系统，特别作用于葡萄糖向降低血糖的糖原转化的过程〔maltase〕An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of maltose to glucose.麦芽糖酶：一种用以催化麦芽糖水解成葡萄糖的酶〔lactase〕An enzyme occurring in certain yeasts and in the intestinal juices of mammals that is capable of splitting lactose into glucose and galactose.乳糖酶：一种能将乳糖分解成葡萄糖和半乳糖的酶，它存在于某些酵母或哺乳动物的体液中〔glucoside〕A glycoside, the sugar component of which is glucose.葡糖苷：一种苷，葡萄糖的一糖成份〔hypoglycemic〕Lowering the concentration of glucose in the blood:降低血液中葡萄糖浓缩度的：〔hexose〕Any of various simple sugars, such as glucose and fructose, that have six carbon atoms per molecule.己糖：每个分子中有六个碳原子的几种初级的单糖之一，如葡萄糖和果糖〔cerebroside〕Any of various lipid compounds containing glucose or galactose and glucose, and found in the brain and other nerve tissue.脑苷脂：发现于脑和其他神经组织的一种含有葡萄糖或半乳糖和葡萄糖的脂类化合物〔hydrolysis〕Decomposition of a chemical compound by reaction with water, such as the dissociation of a dissolved salt or the catalytic conversion of starch to glucose.水解作用：通过与水反应分解一种化学合成物，比如盐水的解析，或淀粉向葡萄糖的催化转变〔cellulose〕A complex carbohydrate, (C6H 10O 5) n, that is composed of glucose units, forms the main constituent of the cell wall in most plants, and is important in the manufacture of numerous products, such as paper, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and explosives. 纤维素：一种复杂的碳水化合物， (C6H 10O 5) n，由葡萄糖分子组成，是大部分植物细胞壁的主要成分，在许多产品生产如纸张、织物、药物和炸药中起着重要作用 〔epinephrine〕A hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla that is released into the bloodstream in response to physical or mental stress, as from fear or injury. It initiates many bodily responses, including the stimulation of heart action and an increase in blood pressure, metabolic rate, and blood glucose concentration. Also called adrenaline 肾上腺素：肾上腺髓质分泌的荷尔蒙，由于肉体或精神的压力，如恐惧或受伤，而进入血液。它激发很多生理反应，包括刺激心脏活动，升高血压， 增加新陈代谢频率和血液中葡萄糖的浓度 也作 adrenaline〔glycogen〕A polysaccharide, (C6H 10O 5) n, that is the main form of carbohydrate storage in animals and occurs primarily in the liver and muscle tissue. It is readily converted to glucose as needed by the body to satisfy its energy needs. Also called animal starch 肝糖：糖原，(C6H 10O 5) n，构成碳水化合物贮存在动物体组织中的主要形式，主要存在于肝和肌肉，可备来转化成葡萄糖以补充身体所需能量 也作 animal starch〔glucosamine〕An amino derivative of glucose, C6H 13NO 5, that is a component of many polysaccharides and is the basic structural unit of chitin. 胺基葡萄糖，葡糖胺：葡萄糖的胺基衍生物，C6H 13NO 5，是很多多糖的组成成分和几丁质的基本结构单位 〔burn〕To metabolize (glucose, for example) in the body.代谢：体内的新陈代谢（例如葡萄糖）〔dextrose〕The dextrorotatory form of glucose, C6H 12O 6·H 2O, found naturally in animal and plant tissue and derived synthetically from starch. Also called dextroglucose 右旋糖：葡萄糖的右旋形式，C6H 12O 6·H 2O，在动、植物组织中自然存在并可由淀粉人工合成 也作 dextroglucose〔lactose〕A disaccharide, C12H 22O 11, found in milk, that may be hydrolyzed to yield glucose and galactose. 乳糖：一种双糖，分子式为，它存在于牛奶中C12H 22O 11，在水中水解时产生葡萄糖或蔗糖 |
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