| 单词 | 蟾蜍 |
| 释义 | 〔toadeater〕[Originally referring to a charlatan's helper who ate (or pretended to eat) poisonous toads so that his employer could display his prowess in expelling the poison] [原来这个词是指江湖医生的助手，他吃下（或假装吃下）有毒的蟾蜍，这样他的主人就可以展示他的驱毒能力] 〔toady〕A toady is not a pleasant individual,and the origin of the word makes being a toady even less pleasant.Toady is obviously derived from the word toad. The-y suffix can have diminutive force, and the earliest recorded sense (around 1690) oftoady (now obsolete), "a little or young toad,” illustrates this force. The sense we know has nothing to do with baby toadsbut rather with the practice of certain quacks or charlatans who claimed that they could cast out poison.Toads were thought to be poisonous,so these charlatans would have an attendant eat a toad or pretend to eat oneand then remove the poison from the attendant.Such an attendant is obviously a type of person who would do anything,and thustoadeater (first recorded 1629) was the perfect name for a flattering, fawning parasite. Toadeater and the verb derived from it, toadeat, influenced the sense of the noun and verb toad and the noun toady, so that both nouns could mean "sycophant"and the verbtoady could mean "to act like a toady to someone.” 拍马者并不是一个讨人喜欢的人，这个词的来源使做拍马者这种作法更加不令人喜欢。Toady 很显然是从 toad 这个词衍生而来。 后缀-y 可以有一种指小的效力， Toady 这个词最早有记载(1690年左右）的含义“一只小或幼年蟾蜍”（现已废弃）正说明了这种效力。 我们现在知道的含义与年幼的蟾蜍没有什么关系，而与某些宣称能够驱毒的冒牌医生或江湖郎中的某些做法有关。当时人们认为蟾蜍有毒，所以这些江湖朗中会叫一个手下人吃下一只蟾蜍或假装吃下一只蟾蜍，然后把毒物从他的手下人身体中驱除出去。很明显，这样一个帮手是一种什么事都会做的人，这样，用toadeater （最早记载于1629年）这个词来称呼奉承拍马的寄生者是再合适不过了。 Toadeater 和从它衍生而来的动词 toadeat 影响了作为名词或动词的 toad 和作为名词 toady 的含义， 于是二个名词都可以理解为“拍马者”的意思，而动词toady 有“在某人面前象一个拍马者一样行动”的意思 〔salientian〕An amphibian of the order Salientia (formerly Anura or Batrachia), which includes the frogs and toads. Also called anuran 无尾目动物：无尾目（以前作无尾蛙类或无尾两栖类）的两栖动物，包括青蛙和蟾蜍 也作 anuran〔toadstone〕A stone once worn as a charm and believed to have been formed in the body of a toad.蟾蜍石：以前作为护身符戴的，认为是在蟾蜍体内形成的石头〔bufotenine〕A poisonous hallucinogenic alkaloid, C12H 16N 2O, obtained from the skin glands of toads of the genus Bufo or from some mushrooms. 蟾蜍色胺，蟾蜍碱，蟾毒配基：有毒的致幻生物碱，C12H 16N 20，从 蟾蜍属 的各类蟾蜍皮腺或某些蘑菇中提取 〔amplexus〕The copulatory embrace of frogs and toads, during which the male fertilizes the eggs that are released by the female.抱合，拥抱：青蛙、蟾蜍交配时的拥抱，与此同时雄性使雌性排出的卵受精〔batrachotoxin〕Greek batrakhos [frog] 希腊语 batrakhos [青蛙，蟾蜍] 〔batrachian〕Of or relating to vertebrate amphibians without tails, such as frogs and toads.无尾两栖脊椎动物：无尾的脊椎两栖类的，如青蛙和蟾蜍〔toad〕Any of numerous tailless amphibians chiefly of the family Bufonidae, related to and resembling the frogs but characteristically more terrestrial and having a broader body and rougher, drier skin.蟾蜍：各种无尾，主要是蟾蜍科两栖动物中的任何一种，与蛙类有亲缘关系，外表相近，但蟾蜍明显地更有陆地性，身体更宽更粗糙，皮肤更干燥〔anuran〕From New Latin Anura [order of frogs and toads] 源自 新拉丁语 Anura [青蛙与蟾蜍目] |
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