| 单词 | 血液 |
| 释义 | 〔circulation〕Movement in a circle or circuit, especially the movement of blood through bodily vessels as a result of the heart's pumping action.循环：沿环形或回路运动，尤指血液在心脏泵压作用下沿身体内血管的流动〔neutropenia〕An abnormal decrease in the number of neutrophils in the blood.嗜中性白血球减少症：血液中嗜中性白血球数目不正常减少的症状〔myoglobin〕The form of hemoglobin found in muscle fibers, having a higher affinity for oxygen than hemoglobin of the blood.肌红蛋白：在肌肉纤维中常见的血红蛋白的形式，有比血液中的血红素更高的氧亲合性〔immunodiagnosis〕Diagnosis of disease based on antigen-antibody reactions in the blood serum. Also called serodiagnosis 免疫性处方，免疫性诊断：根据血液中血清的抗原抗体反应的疾病处方 也作 serodiagnosis〔vuln〕To wound (oneself) by biting at the breast. Used of the pelican, which was once believed to feed its young with its blood, as a heraldic motif and symbol of Christ.咬伤胸部：咬伤（某人的）胸部。用于指鹈鹕，其曾被认为以自身其血液喂食子女，作为基督的纹章主题和象征〔hyperuricemia〕Excess uric acid in the blood, as in gout.高尿酸血症：血液中尿酸含量过高，例如痛风〔afflux〕A flow to or toward an area, especially of blood or other fluid toward a body part:流向：流向或汇入某个区域的流动物，特指流向身体某个部位的血液或其他液体：〔sanguine〕Perhaps one has wondered what the connection betweensanguinary, "bloodthirsty,” and sanguine, "cheerfully optimistic,” could be. The connection can be found in medieval physiology with its notion of the four humors (blood, bile, phlegm, and black bile).These four body fluids were thought to determine a person's temperament,or distinguishing mental and physical characteristics.Thus, if blood was the predominant humor, one had a ruddy face and a disposition marked by courage, hope, and a readiness to fall in love.Such a temperament was calledsanguine, the Middle English ancestor of our wordsanguine. The sources of the Middle English word were Old Frenchsanguin and Latin sanguineus, the source of the French word. Both the Old French and Latin words meant "bloody,” "blood-colored,”Old Frenchsanguin having the sense "sanguine in temperament" as well. Latinsanguineus in turn was derived from sanguīs, "blood,” just as English sanguinary is. The English adjectivesanguine, first recorded in Middle English before 1350, went on to refer simply to the cheerfulness and optimism that accompanied a sanguine temperament,no longer having any direct reference to medieval physiology.也许有人对sanguinary （“嗜血的”）和 sanguine （“愉快乐观的”）两词之间的联系感到不解。 这种联系可以追溯到中世纪生理学中四种体液的概念（多血质型、胆汁型、黏液型和抑郁型）。这四种体液被认为可决定人的性格，或者能区分出精神和肉体上的特征。因此，如果血液是最主要的体液，一个人就应有红润的脸庞和以勇敢、充满希望、易于陷入情网为特征的性情。这种性情被称为sanguine ， 也就是我们sanguine 一词的中世纪英语的原形。 中世纪英语中该词源于古法语sanguin 一词和拉丁文 sanguineus （法语词的来源）。 在古法语和拉丁文中，该词意思都是“流血的”、“血色的”，古法语sanguin 还含有“生性乐天派的”之意。 拉丁文的sanguineus 也是由 sanguis （“血的”）而来，正如英语中的 sanguinary 一词。 英语形容词sanguine 最初记载于1350年以前的中古英语中， 演化为仅指伴随乐天派性情而具有的愉快和乐观之义，与中世纪生理学没有直接联系〔autacoid〕An organic substance, such as a hormone, produced in one part of an organism and transported by the blood, lymph, or sap to another part of the organism where it exerts a physiologic effect on that part.内分泌物，内分泌素：有机生物的一部分产生的有机物质，如激素，由血液、淋巴或体液运输至有机生物的另一部分并对该部分施加生理效应〔hemorrhoid〕from haimorrhoos [flowing with blood] 源自 haimorrhoos [和血液一起流动] 〔bloodworm〕The freshwater larvae of certain midges that are red as a result of the high hemoglobin content of their blood.血蚁：某些蚊子的水生幼虫，因其血液中血色素较高而使身体呈红色〔hemophilia〕Any of several hereditary blood-coagulation disorders in which the blood fails to clot normally because of a deficiency or an abnormality of one of the clotting factors. Hemophilia, a recessive trait associated with the X-chromosome, is manifested almost exclusively in males.血友病：遗传性血凝病中的任何一种，由于某个凝血因子的功能丧失或紊乱而造成血液不能正常地凝结成块。作为与Ｘ染色体相关联的隐性性状，血友病几乎全都出现在男性患者身上〔hyperglycemia〕The presence of an abnormally high concentration of glucose in the blood.血糖过多症，高血糖症：血液中葡萄糖不正常的高浓度〔uncontaminated〕uncontaminated blood; an uncontaminated island paradise.干净血液；未被污染的天堂般的岛屿〔lymph〕A clear, watery, sometimes faintly yellowish fluid derived from body tissues that contains white blood cells and circulates throughout the lymphatic system, returning to the venous bloodstream through the thoracic duct. Lymph acts to remove bacteria and certain proteins from the tissues, transport fat from the small intestine, and supply mature lymphocytes to the blood.淋巴：一种清澈、呈水状的，有时微黄的液体，从身体组织中产生，内含白血球并在淋巴系统内循环，通过胸导管返回静脉血中。淋巴的作用是把细菌和某些蛋白质从组织中清除掉，从小肠中输送脂肪，并为血液提供成熟的淋巴细胞〔properdin〕A natural protein in human blood serum that participates in the body's immune response by working in conjunction with the complement system.备解素，血清灭菌蛋白：血清中与防御素协同参与身体的免疫反应的人体血液的天然蛋白〔reagin〕An antibody found in the blood of individuals having a genetic predisposition to allergies such as asthma and hay fever.反应素：个体血液中的一种抗体，可以对诸如气喘病和光粉热这些变态反应产生预先的基因处理〔hyperventilation〕Abnormally fast or deep respiration, which results in the loss of carbon dioxide from the blood, thereby causing a fall in blood pressure, tingling of the extremities, and sometimes fainting.强力呼吸：不正常的快呼吸或深呼吸，其结果是血液中失二氧化碳，从而导致血压降低，手脚颤动，有时还会晕倒〔plasmin〕A proteolytic enzyme in plasma that dissolves fibrin and other blood clotting factors. Also called fibrinolysin 血纤维蛋白溶酶：血浆中能溶解血纤维蛋白和其它凝固血液的因素的蛋白水解酶 也作 fibrinolysin〔eosinophilia〕An increase in the number of eosinophils in the blood.嗜曙红白血球增多：血液中嗜曙红白血球数量的增加〔excretion〕The act or process of discharging waste matter from the blood, tissues, or organs.排泄：从血液、组织或器官中分离废物的动作或过程〔lifeblood〕Blood regarded as essential for life.生命之血：被看作是生命之所在的血液〔Breathalyzer〕A trademark used for a device that detects and measures alcohol in expired air so as to determine the concentration of alcohol in a person's blood. This trademark, often used attributively, sometimes occurs in print in lowercase:呼气测醉器：通过检测和测量呼出空气中的酒精含量，来确定某人血液中的酒精浓度的一种仪器的商标。该商标名常用作定语，有时用小写体印出：〔hypocalcemia〕An abnormally low concentration of calcium in the blood.低钙血症，血钙过低：血液中不正常的低钙浓度〔hematinic〕Acting to increase the amount of hemoglobin in the blood.血红素的：起增加血液中血红蛋白数量作用的〔macrocytosis〕The presence of macrocytes in the blood.巨红血球症：血液中存在巨红血球的症状〔hyperlipemia〕An excess of fat or lipids in the blood. Also called hyperlipidemia 高脂血：血液中脂肪或油脂过度 也作 hyperlipidemia〔basophilia〕An abnormal stippling of red blood cells with basic staining granules.嗜碱细胞增多症：在红色血液细胞中带有碱性染色颗粒的不正常的症状〔bacteremia〕The presence of bacteria in the blood.菌血症：血液中细菌的存在〔ischemia〕haima [blood] haima [血液] 〔hemorrhage〕Excessive discharge of blood from the blood vessels; profuse bleeding.出血（尤指大出血）：血液从血管中大量排出；大量流血〔hypercapnia〕An increased amount of carbon dioxide in the blood as a result of hypoventilation.血炭酸过多症：由于换气过度的结果导致血液中炭酸量增加〔plasmapheresis〕A process in which plasma is taken from donated blood and the remaining components, mostly red blood cells, are returned to the donor.血浆除去法：从捐献者的血液中提取血浆，将剩余的成份，大多数是红血球，返还给献血者的一种方法〔lung〕Either of two spongy, saclike respiratory organs in most vertebrates, occupying the chest cavity together with the heart and functioning to remove carbon dioxide from the blood and provide it with oxygen.肺：大多数脊椎的物的两个海绵状的，囊状的呼吸器官，它和心脏一起占据胸腔，作用是从血液中排出二氧化碳和使血液吸收氧气〔sanguinolent〕sanguīs sanguin- [blood] sanguīs sanguin- [血液] 〔schistosome〕Any of several chiefly tropical trematode worms of the genusSchistosoma, many of which are parasitic in the blood of human beings and other mammals. Also called bilharzia ,blood fluke 血吸虫：几种主要的热带吸虫类血吸虫 ，寄生于人体和其它哺乳动物的血液中 也作 bilharzia,blood fluke〔aminoacidemia〕A condition in which excessive amounts of amino acids are present in the blood.胺基酸过多：血液中含有的胺基酸过多的状态〔circulate〕blood circulating through the body.血液在身体内循环〔filaria〕Any of various slender, threadlike nematode worms of the superfamily Filarioidea that are parasitic in vertebrates and are often transmitted as larvae by mosquitos and other biting insects. The adult form lives in the blood and lymphatic tissues, causing inflammation and obstruction that can lead to elephantiasis.丝虫：丝虫科一种细长丝状蠕虫，寄生在脊椎动物体内并通常被蚊子和其它咬人昆虫以幼虫的方式传播。成虫寄生在血液或淋巴组织中，导致可以引发象皮病的肿痛发炎和障碍物〔Sacramentarian〕One who regards the consecrated bread and wine of the Eucharist as only the metaphorical, and not the physical, body and blood of Jesus.圣礼象征主义论者：认为圣餐面包和酒只是象征性的而非耶稣的真正身躯和血液的人 |
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