| 单词 | 西西里 |
| 释义 | 〔Palermo〕A city of northwest Sicily, Italy, on the Tyrrhenian Sea. Founded by Phoenicians c. eighth centuryb.c. , it later became a Carthaginian military base and was conquered by Rome in 254-253. The Arabs held the city from a.d. 831 until 1072, when it became capital of the independent kingdom of Sicily (until 1194). Population, 699,691. 马勒莫城：意大利西西里西北部城市，濒临第勒尼安海。腓尼基人建城于公元前 8世纪，后来它成为迦太基人的一个军事基地并于254-253年被罗马人征服。从 公元 831到1072年，阿拉伯人控制该城，当时它成为西西里独立王国的首都（直到1194年）。人口699,691 〔Mafia〕A secret terrorist organization in Sicily, operating since the early 19th century in opposition to legal authority:黑手党：意大利西西里的一个秘密恐怖组织，起源于19世纪早期对合法当局的反抗：〔Bourbon〕French royal family descended from Louis I, Duke of Bourbon (1270?-1342), whose members have ruled in France (1589-1793 and 1814-1830), Spain (1700-1868, 1874-1931, and since 1975), and Naples and Sicily (1734-1860).波旁家族：法国王室家族路易一世，波旁公爵（1270？-1342年），其家族曾统治过法国（1589-1793和1814-1830年），西班牙（1700-1868，1874-1931，和自1975以后），及那不勒斯和西西里（1734-1860年）〔Sicily〕An island of southern Italy in the Mediterranean Sea west of the southern end of the Italian peninsula. It was colonized from the 8th centuryb.c. by Greeks, who displaced the earlier Phoenician settlers. The next conquerors were Carthaginians, who in turn were conquered by Romans in the 3rd century b.c. After a succession of other rulers the island came under the control of the Normans in the 11th century a.d. and formed the nucleus of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, consisting of Sicily and southern Italy. The island continued to change hands until a later kingdom was conquered by Giuseppe Garibaldi in 1860 and became part of unified Italy. 西西里：意大利南部一岛屿，位于意大利半岛南端以西的地中海。从公元前 8世纪起成为希腊殖民地，希腊人赶走了早期定居在此的腓尼基人。迦太基人成为下一个征服者，他们在 公元前 3世纪又被罗马人所征服。在经过其他人相继统治之后， 公元 11世纪该岛被置于诺曼人管辖之下，并形成了两西西里王国的核心部分，由西西里和意大利南部组成。该岛继续多次易手，直到1860年朱森珀·加里波第征服了最后一个王国为止，它成为统一后的意大利的一部分 〔Corfu〕An island of Greece in the Ionian Islands off the northwest coast of the mainland. Settled c. 700b.c. , the island was controlled by Rome, Byzantium, Sicily, Venice, and Great Britain before being ceded to Greece in 1864. 科孚岛，科塞拉：爱奥尼亚群岛中的一个希腊岛屿，与大陆的西北部相望，大约公元前 700年时开始有人定居，1864年割让给希腊前曾被罗马·拜占庭西西里、威尼斯和大不列颠统治过 〔sirocco〕A hot, humid south or southeast wind of southern Italy, Sicily, and the Mediterranean islands, originating in the Sahara Desert as a dry, dusty wind but becoming moist as it passes over the Mediterranean.西罗科风：吹过意大利南部、西西里以及地中海诸岛的炎热而闷湿的南风或东南风，是发源于撒哈拉沙漠的干燥多尘的风，但是在经过地中海的过程中变得湿润〔Agathocles〕Sicilian despot and tyrant of Syracuse (317-289).阿加索克利斯：西西里暴君，锡拉库萨（公元前317-289年）的独裁者〔Charybdis〕A whirlpool off the Sicilian coast, personified as a ship-devouring sea monster and located opposite the cave of Scylla.卡律布狄斯漩涡：西西里海岸附近的一个漩涡，位于希拉洞穴的对面，被拟人化为一个吞噬船只的海怪〔Ragusa〕A city of southeast Sicily, Italy, south-southwest of Messina. It is a manufacturing and food-processing center. Population, 53,000.拉古萨：意大利西西里东南部一城市，位于墨西拿市西南偏南。为制造业和食品加工业中心。人口53,000〔Chalcis〕An ancient city of southeast Greece on the western coast of Euboea. It was a prosperous trading center after the eighth centuryb.c. , establishing outposts in Italy, Syria, Sicily, and mainland Greece. 哈尔基斯城：希腊东南部一座位于奥尔比亚西海岸的古城。公元前 8世纪后为繁华的贸易中心，曾在意大利、叙利亚、西西里和希腊大陆建立前哨军事基地 〔Garibaldi〕Italian general and nationalist who led 1,000 volunteers in the capture of Sicily and Naples (1860). His conquest led to the formation of the kingdom of Italy (1861).加里波第，朱森珀：(1807-1882) 意大利将军和民族主义者，曾率领1,000名自愿者占领西西里和那不勒斯（1860年）。他的征服导致了意大利王国的成立（1861年）〔Stromboli〕An island of southern Italy in the Lipari Islands off northeast Sicily in the Tyrrhenian Sea. Its active volcano, 926.6 m (3,038 ft) high, erupted violently in 1930 and 1966.斯特龙博利：西西里东北部，第勒尼安海利帕里群岛的一个意大利南部岛屿，岛上的活火高达926.6米(3,038英尺），曾在1930年和1966年猛烈喷发〔Silesia〕A region of central Europe primarily in southwest Poland and northern Czechoslovakia. Settled by Slavic peoples c.a.d. 500, the region was long contested by various states and principalities. After World War I Silesia was partitioned among Germany, Poland, and Czechoslovakia. Much of the Czechoslovakian section passed to Germany and Poland after the signing of the Munich Pact in 1938. Germany occupied Polish Silesia from 1939 to 1945, and after World War II Poland annexed most of German Silesia. Upper Silesia, in southern Poland, is an important industrialized area. 西里西亚：欧洲中部一地区，主要位于波兰西南部和捷克斯洛伐克北部。公元 500年斯拉夫民族在此定居，长期以来各国和各公国都对该地区进行争夺。第一次世界大战以后，西里西亚被德国、波兰和捷克斯洛伐克分割。1938年慕尼黑条约签订以后，捷克斯洛伐克所占的那部分归入德国和波兰。1939年至1945年德国占领了波兰属西里西亚，第二次世界大战后波兰合并了大部分德属西西里亚。波兰南部的 上西里西亚 是一个重要的工业区 〔Gela〕A city of southern Sicily, Italy, on the Mediterranean Sea. Founded c. 688b.c. by Greek colonists from Crete and Rhodes, it reached the height of its prosperity in the fifth century b.c. The dramatist Aeschylus lived here. Population, 74,789. 格拉：意大利西西里南部一城市，位于地中海上，由来自克里特岛和罗得岛的希腊殖民者于公元前 688年建立，在 公元前 5世纪为最繁荣时期。戏剧家阿奇里斯居住于此。人口74,789 〔Duquesne〕French naval commander who in 1676 defeated the combined Spanish and Dutch fleets off the coast of Sicily.迪凯纳侯爵，亚伯拉罕：(1610-1688) 法国海军司令，于1676年在西西里附近海域击败西班牙与荷兰联合舰队〔lard〕"The history of Sicily was larded with treachery"(Mario Puzo)“西西里的历史中充满了欺骗”(马里奥·普佐)〔Domenichino〕Italian painter of the baroque eclectic school who is noted for his religious and mythological works, including several frescoes of Saint Cecilia.多米尼琪罗：以宗教神话作品著名的意大利巴洛克中庸派画家。著作有圣·西西里亚教堂的数幅壁画〔Vittoria〕A city of southeast Sicily, Italy, west of Ragusa. Wine and olive oil are produced here. Population, 50,220.维多利亚：意大利西西里东南一城市，位于拉古萨西部。盛产酒和橄榄油。人口50,220 |
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