| 单词 | 言语 |
| 释义 | 〔impertinence〕An impertinent act or statement.无礼的举动或言语〔acrimony〕Bitter, sharp, ill-natured animosity, especially as it is exhibited in speech or behavior.刻薄，激烈：尖锐，严厉的恨意，尤指表现在言语或行为上〔bombast〕 Rant, used chiefly of speech,emphasizes turgidity and violence of style: Rant 主要用于言语，强调浮夸而强烈的语言： 〔TelePrompTer〕"With[the President], an old hand at reading from the teleprompter, the gestures nearly always matched the rhetoric" (Boston Globe)"Although he was cheered loudly by most delegates, leftist hecklers and a faulty teleprompter gave him some anxious moments"(Chicago Tribune)“与［总统］， 一个阅读读稿机的老手，姿势几乎总能与言语匹配” (波士顿环球)“尽管他赢得了大多数选民的热烈掌声，但左派的责难和错误百出的读稿机使他经历了一段焦虑的时刻。(芝加哥论坛报)〔barrage〕An overwhelming, concentrated outpouring, as of words:连续质问：有压倒之势的、集中的倾泻，如言语：〔interjection〕A sudden, short utterance; an ejaculation.插话：突然的、短暂的言语；突然说出的激动言语〔idiocy〕A foolish or stupid utterance or deed.蠢话，蠢事：愚蠢的言语或笨拙的行为〔ejaculatory〕Relating to or constituting a sudden, brief utterance; exclamatory.突然说出的，叫喊的：关于或组成突然说出的简短言语的；叫喊的〔ejaculation〕A sudden, short exclamation, especially a brief, pious utterance or prayer.突然说出：突然说出的简短言语，尤指简短殷切的祈祷〔bitchery〕Malicious remarks or spiteful behavior:恶毒的言语，恶意的行为：〔utterance〕The power of speaking; speech:口才：说话的能力；言语：〔bombast〕 Claptrap is insincere, empty speech or writing: Claptrap 指言语或文字不诚恳、空洞： 〔glossolalia〕Fabricated and nonmeaningful speech, especially such speech associated with a trance state or certain schizophrenic syndromes.捏造的空话：捏造的无意义的言语，尤指恍惚或精神分裂综合症状态下的言语〔encomium〕from Greek enkōmion (epos) [(speech) praising a victor] 源自 希腊语 enkōmion (epos) [（言语）赞美胜利者] 〔infer〕Inference, on the other hand, is the activity performed by a reader or interpreter in deriving conclusions that are not explicit in what is said: 而推论则是读者或阐释者的一种活动，他们推断出的结论是言语中没有明确表达出来的： 〔gravitas〕A serious or dignified demeanor:（行动或言语的）严肃或认真：严肃或是庄严的举止行为：〔abuse〕Insulting or coarse language:谩骂：侮辱性的或粗俗的言语：〔mentalese〕A hypothetical language in which concepts and propositions are represented in the mind without words.精神语言，内心语言：将观念及主张不透过言语而在心中表达的虚无语言〔confuse〕confused effusiveness with affection.把言语的吐露误解为故意的炫耀〔tongue〕The act or power of speaking:谈话，言语：说话的行为或力量：〔nonstandard〕The termnonstandard was introduced by linguists and lexicographers to describe usages and language varieties that had previously been labeled with terms such as vulgar and illiterate. Nonstandardis not simply a euphemism but reflects the empirical discoverythat the varieties used by low-prestige groups have rich and systematic grammatical structuresand that their stigmatization more often reflects a judgment about their speakersrather than any inherent deficiencies in logic or expressive power.Note, however, that the use of nonstandard forms is not necessarily restricted to the communities with which they are associated in the public mind.Many educated speakers freely use forms such ascan't hardly or ain't I to set a popular or informal tone. · Some dictionaries use the termsubstandard to describe forms, such asain't, associated with uneducated speech, while reservingnonstandard for forms such as irregardless, which are common in writingbut are still regarded by many as uneducated.Butsubstandard is itself susceptible of disparaging interpretation, and most linguists and lexicographers now use onlynonstandard, the practice followed in this Dictionary.词条nonstandard 被语言学家和词典编辑人引进用来描述以前已被词条，例如 vulgar 和 illiterate归类的用法和语言种类。 Nonstandand不只是委婉的说法， 而且反映了凭经验得到的发现：被具有权威的群体所用的语种有丰富而且系统的语法结构，而且这些误解被轻蔑描绘更经常地反映了对其说话者的判断，而不是对任何天生的逻辑和表达力的缺乏。然而，要注意，非标准语形式的运用并不必要限制于在公众心目中与其所联系的团体。许多受过教育的说话者自由地用这些形式如can't hardly 或者 ain't I 说流行或非正式的句子。 有些字典用substandard 来描述此类形式， 如ain't， 并与未受教育的言语相联系， 而同时保留nonstandard 用来形容 irregardless 这一类形式， 这些形式普遍用于写作中，但仍被许多人认为是未受教育的用法。但是substandard 本身很容易引起贬低含义的翻译， 大多数语言学家和词典编辑现在只用nonstandard， 在此词典后边有练习〔gesture〕An act or a remark made as a formality or as a sign of intention or attitude:姿态，表示：作为礼节或意图、态度的标志的动作或言语：〔lingual〕A sound, such as (t), (l), and (n), that is pronounced with the tongue and other organs of speech.舌音：用舌和其他言语器官发出的音；如（t），（l）和（n）〔gruff〕Curt denotes usually rude briefness and abruptness of speech: Curt 含有简短无礼，言语生硬的意思： 〔scandalmonger〕One who spreads malicious gossip.传播丑闻者：散布恶意中伤言语的人〔affectation〕A particular habit, as of speech or dress, adopted to give a false impression.矫情：给人以错觉的某一特定习惯，例如言语或服饰的习惯〔affectation〕These nouns refer to personal behavior assumed for effect.Anaffectation is an artificial habit, as of speech or dress, that is often adopted in imitation of an admired person and that can be identified by others as being unnatural: 这些名词都表示假装以求效果的个人行为。对于affection ，是指一种不自然的言语或服饰习惯， 通常是模仿所崇拜的人物或模仿被他人认为是反常的事物： 〔emotionalist〕One whose conduct, thought, or rhetoric is governed by emotion rather than reason, often as a matter of policy.感情主义者：行为、思想或言语受情感而非理智控制的人，通常指政策方面〔glib〕The central meaning shared by these adjectives is "being, marked by, or engaging in ready but often insincere or superficial discourse": 这些形容词共同的中心意义是：“用有准备但常常不诚实或轻浮的言语的，具有其特征的或与其有关的”： 〔prose〕Ordinary speech or writing, without metrical structure.散文体：普通的言语或写作，没有韵律结构〔blaspheme〕phēmē [speech] * see bhā- 2phēmē [言语] * 参见 bhā- 2〔suffice〕No words will suffice to convey my grief.没有言语能够表达我的悲伤〔phrase〕from Greek [speech, diction, phrase] 源自 希腊语 [言语；词语，短语] 〔voluble〕Marked by a ready flow of speech; fluent.See Synonyms at talkative 健谈的，流利的：以言语快而著称的；流利的 参见 talkative〔speech〕Something spoken; an utterance.说出的话；言语〔read〕She read a different meaning into what he had said.她从他的言语中读出了不同的含义〔malaprop〕"She's as headstrong as an allegory on the banks of the Nile" and "He is the very pineapple of politeness" are two of the statements from the mouth of Mrs. Malapropthat helped her name become synonymous with ludicrous misuse of language.Mrs. Malaprop, a character in Richard Brinsley Sheridan's playThe Rivals, produced in 1775, consistently uses language malapropos,that is, inappropriately.The wordmalapropos comes from the French phrase mal à propos, made up ofmal, "badly,” à, "to,” and propos, "purpose, subject,” and literally means "badly to the purpose,” or "inappropriate.” The Rivals was a popular play, and Mrs. Malaprop became enshrined in a common noun,first in the formmalaprop and later inmalapropism, which is first recorded in 1849.Perhaps that is what Mrs. Malaprop fearedwhen she said "An aspersion upon my parts of speech" and "If I reprehend any thing in this world,it is the use of my oracular tongue,and a nice derangement of epitaphs!”“她与尼罗河堤岸上的寓言一样顽固”和“他正是礼貌的菠萝”是从马勒普罗太太嘴里说出的两句话。她的这张嘴使她的名字成为荒唐地错用语言的代名词。1775 年，理查德·布林斯利·夏里丹写成了剧本情敌 ，马勒普罗太太就是这剧中的一个人物。 她不断地误用词语，即遣词造句不当。单词malapropos 来源于法语短语 mal _ propos， 构成是mal， “坏地”， _ “对于”和 propos， “目的，目标”结合起来，意指“对于目标不适当地”或“不恰当的”。 情敌 是一部很受欢迎的戏剧， 马勒普罗太太逐渐演变成一个大家都接受的名词。这个名词一开始的形式是malaprop ， 后来变成malapropism， 最早的记载是在1849年。可能使马勒普罗太太最为担心的，是当她说“对我部分言语所进行的诽谤”和“如果我还对这个世界上的任何事物能理解的话，那就是我玄妙的言语运用，以及墓志铭上那美妙的错乱!”〔invective〕Denunciatory or abusive expression or discourse.咒语：谴责的或谩骂的措词或言语〔invective〕Of, relating to, or characterized by denunciatory or abusive language.辱骂的：属于、关于或以谴责的或谩骂的言语为特征的〔magniloquent〕Lofty and extravagant in speech; grandiloquent.言语傲慢的和夸大的；夸张的 |
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