| 单词 | 计算机 |
| 释义 | 〔defragment〕To reorganize (a computer file) to eliminate fragmentation.磁盘碎片重组：重新整理（计算机文件）来清除碎片〔Mauchly〕American physicist and inventor who helped develop ENIAC (Electronic Numeral Integrator and Calculator), the first electronic computer (1946).莫克利，约翰·威廉：美国物理学家与发明家，协助开发第一台计算机（1946）——ENIAC（电子数字积分器和计算器）〔backspace〕The key on a typewriter or computer keyboard used for backspacing.退格键：打字机或计算机键盘上用于退格的键〔literate〕For most of its long history in English,literate has meant only "familiar with literature,” or more generally, "well-educated, learned";it is only during the last hundred years that it has also come to refer to the basic ability to read and write.Its antonymilliterate has an equally broad range of meanings: anilliterate person may be incapable of reading a shopping list or perhaps may only be unable to grasp an allusion to Shakespeare or Keats.The termfunctional illiterate is often used to describe a person who can read or write to some degree, but below a minimum level required to function in even a limited social situation or job setting.More recently, the meanings of the wordsliteracy and illiteracy have been extended from their original connection with reading and literature to any body of knowledge. For example, "geographic illiterates" cannot identify the countries on a map,and "computer illiterates" are unable to use a word-processing system.None of these uses ofliteracy or illiteracy are incorrect, but it might be preferable to use another word in instances where the context does not make the meaning clear.在英语悠久的历史中，literate 大部分时期只表示“精通文学的”或更概括一些， 指“受过良好教育的，有学问的”；仅仅是在上个世纪它才开始表示读和写的基本能力。它的反义词illiterate 有着同样广泛的意义： 一个illereare 的人也许连张购物单都不会读， 或许只是不理解莎士比亚或济慈的典故。functional illiterate 一词用于描写一个具有一定程度的读写能力， 但还不到甚至在一个有限的社会环境或工作环境中运用语言所须的最低水平。最近，literacy 和 illiteracy 这两词的含义已经从它们原先与阅读和文学的联系扩展到与任何一种知识的联系。 例如，一个“地理盲”不会在地图上寻找国家，而一个“计算机盲”不会使用文字信息处理系统。literacy 和 illiteracy 的这些用法都是正确的， 但是当上下文可能导致意义混淆时还是用其它词更好一些〔ISO〕An organization, the International Organization for Standardization, that sets standards in many businesses and technologies, including computing and communications.国际标准组织：一组织，称为国际标准组织，制定许多企业及科技的标准，包括计算机及通讯〔gamer〕One who plays a game, especially a role-playing or computer game.角色扮演者：玩角色扮演游戏或计算机游戏〔PostScript〕A trademark used for an object-oriented computer language for describing the appearance and layout of documents, used to print high-resolution text and graphics.PostScript语言：为面向对象的计算机语言使用的商标，用于描述档的形状和格式，用以打印高清晰度的文本和图形〔doubleword〕Two computer words considered as a single storage entity.双字元：作为一个存储单位的两个计算机字〔filename〕A name given to a computer file to distinguish it from other files, often containing an extension that classifies it by type.文件名：为区别计算机文件所给的名称，通常包括可以区分其类型的副档名〔fry〕"a power surge to the computer that fried a number of sensitive electronic components"(Erik Sandberg-Diment)“计算机电源波动烧毁了一些敏感的电子元器件”(埃里克·桑德伯格—迪芒)〔architecture〕the architecture of the federal bureaucracy; the broad architecture of a massive novel; computer architecture.联邦行政系统的结构；小说的庞大结构；计算机结构〔access〕The verbaccess is well established in its computational sense "to obtain access to (data or processes),” as inThis program makes it considerably easier to access files on another disk. In recent years it has come to be used in nontechnical contexts with the more general sense of "to obtain access to (goods or information), usually by technological means,”as inYou can access your cash at any of 300 automatic tellers throughout the area. This example was judged unacceptable by 82 percent of the Usage Panel.动词access 的计算机意义上“存取（数据或程序）”已被人们广为接受， 如这个程序使从另一磁盘上获得文件大为简便了。 近几年它已被运用于非技术领域，从而有更广泛的意义“通常是通过科技手段来取得（货物或信息），”如你可以通过使用整个地区的300个自动取款机中任何一个取得现金。 但这种用法被百分之八十二的用法使用小组成员认为是不可取的〔tractor〕A toothed mechanism that automatically advances perforated continuous-form paper through a computer printer.拉纸器：一种有齿的机械装置，可自动使通过计算机打印机的打孔的连页形纸张前进〔Turing〕English mathematician whose works explored the possibility of computers and raised fundamental questions about artificial intelligence. During World War II he contributed to the allied victory by helping to decipher the German Enigma codes.杜林，亚伦·梅西松：英国数学家，其著作探讨了计算机的可能性，提出了有关人工智能的基本问题。二战时，他帮助破译德国密码，为盟军的胜利作出了贡献〔motherboard〕The main board of a computer, usually containing the circuitry for the central processing unit, keyboard, and monitor and often having slots for accepting additional circuitry.母板，主板：计算机的主板，通常包括中央处理器电路元件、键盘电路元件和显示器电路元件，并且还包括接受其他电路元件的插槽〔touchpad〕A pointing device consisting of a soft pad sensitized to finger movement or pressure and used especially on laptop computers as an alternative to a mouse.触垫：由对指触或指压敏感的软垫构成的指示设备，尤其用于笔记型计算机以替代鼠标〔computerdom〕The world of computers and those who use them.计算机王国：计算机使用者的世界或者计算机的世界〔CAD〕Computer-aided design.计算机辅助设计〔macro〕A single instruction in programming language that results in a series of instructions in machine language.宏，宏指令：计算机编程语言中的单一指令，可以在机器语言中形成一系列指令〔stereolithography〕A three-dimensional printing process that makes a solid object from a computer image by using a computer-controlled laser to draw the shape of the object onto the surface of liquid plastic.立体平板印刷：立体印刷工艺，通过使用计算机控制的激光，把物体的形状绘制到液态塑料表面，从而把计算机图像制成实心物体.〔Spackle〕A trademark used for a powder to be mixed with water or a ready-to-use plastic paste designed to fill cracks and holes in plaster before painting or papering. This trademark often occurs in lowercase in print:"In the Sierra . . . the snow generally is the consistency of spackle" (San Francisco Chronicle). It also occurs as a verb in various contexts: "Two young men quietly spackled and whitewashed the walls . . . for an exhibition" (New York Times). "Support compensates, underpins, retrofits, translates, spackles, patches and reinforces" (Computerworld). The trademark has also generated a derivative noun: 斯百克填料：一种涂料粉的商标，用水或即用石膏泥与粉末合成，用以在作画或裱纸前填补石膏上的裂缝或洞眼。该商标印刷时通常以小写字母排印：“在塞拉…雪花通常都是斯百克填料组成的” （旧金山年鉴）。该词同时也在各种文本中以动词出现： “两个年轻人静静地抹墙并把墙刷白…为了展览” （纽约时报）。 “支持可以补偿、巩固、翻新、转化、填补、修补和加强” （计算机世界）。此商标还派生出一名词： 〔accumulator〕A register or electric circuit in a calculator or computer, in which the results of arithmetical and logical operations are formed.储蓄器，累加器，加法器：计算机或计算器中得出数学或逻辑运行结果的寄存器或电路〔program〕Such a procedure coded for a computer.程序：为计算机编码的程序〔GIF〕A service mark used for a raster-based color graphics file format, often used on the World Wide Web to store graphics.计算机图形文件格式：一种行业标志，用于以网格为基础的彩色图形文件格式中，常用于在万维网上储存图片〔enable〕enabled the computer's modem; enable a nuclear warhead.激活计算机的调制解调器；激活一个核弹头〔ALGOL〕An algebraic computer language for solving primarily mathematical and scientific problems using algorithms.算法语言：一种使用算法来解决首要的数学和科学问题的代数计算机语言〔cracker〕One who makes unauthorized use of a computer, especially to tamper with data or programs.偷用计算机者：未经允许使用他人计算机的人，主要是为了篡改数据或程序〔workstation〕An area, as in an office, outfitted with equipment and furnishings for one worker, often including a computer or computer terminal.工作站：为一个工作者装备了设备和家俱一个区域，如在办公室里，经常包括计算机或计算机终端〔utilize〕A number of critics have remarked thatutilize is an unnecessary substitute for use. It is true that many occurrences ofutilize could be replaced by use with no loss to anything but pretentiousness, for example, in sentences such asBarbara utilized (prefer used ) questionable methods in her analysis or We hope that many commuters will continue to utilize (prefer use ) mass transit after the bridge has reopened. Bututilize can mean "to find a profitable or practical use for.” Thus the sentenceThe teachers were unable to use the new computers might mean only that the teachers were unable to turn the computers on, whereasThe teachers were unable to utilize the new computers suggests that the teachers could not find ways to employ the computers in instruction. 一些批评家认为utilize 只是 use 的一个不必要的替换词。 在许多情况下utilize 可以被 use 替代，除了矫饰的风格被去掉之外意思上没有任何减损， 例如：Barbara utilized ( used 更可取） questionable methods in her analysis（芭芭拉在她的分析中用了一些有争议的方法） 或者 We hope that many commuters will continue to utilize ( use 更可取） mass transit after the bridge has reopened（我们希望许多乘公共汽车上下班者在桥重新开通之后仍旧使用公共交通）。 但是utilize 可指“为…找到一种有益的或实用的用途”。 因而下面这句话The teachers were unable to use the new computers（老师们不会使用新电脑） ，有可能指只有这些老师不会打开计算机， 而The teachers were unable to utilize the new computers（老师不会运用新计算机） 暗示了那些老师在指导时不知道如何利用电脑 〔Ada〕A programming language, based on Pascal and developed for the U.S. Department of Defense.ADA语言：一种计算机的程序语言，以帕斯卡语言为基础，为美国国防部设计〔breed〕a new breed of politician; a new breed of computer.与众不同的政治家；新型的计算机〔spod〕One who spends an inordinate amount of time exchanging remarks in computer chatrooms or participating in discussions in newsgroups or on bulletin boards.灌水：花费过量的时间，在计算机聊天室内与人交谈，或在新闻组或公告牌上参与讨论的人〔desirable〕a desirable job in the film industry; a home computer with many desirable features.在电影业中称心的工作；有许多理想的性能的家庭计算机〔byte〕A sequence of adjacent bits operated on as a unit by a computer.字节：计算机中作为一个单位处理的一系列相邻的位〔telnet〕telnetted from her work computer to her university account.用她的计算机远程登录到大学账号〔Gopher〕A protocol for the storage and retrieval of text on a computer network using a TCP/IP protocol.因特网双向沟通界面：在计算机网络上利用网络通讯协议来储存及恢复计算机内容的通讯协议〔glitch〕a computer glitch; a navigational glitch; a glitch in the negotiations.计算机故障；航海事故；谈判障碍〔key〕To enter (data) into a computer by means of a keyboard.键入：用键盘把（信息）输入计算机〔Internet〕An interconnected system of networks that connects computers around the world via the TCP/IP protocol.因特网：经由传输控制/网络通讯协议连结全世界计算机的网络内部连接系统〔imagesetter〕A typesetting device that produces very high-resolution output directly from a computer file, as for camera-ready copy.影像设定：可以自计算机文件直接产生非常高分辨率输出的排版设备，如待印制的副本 |
| 随便看 |
|
英汉汉英双解词典收录301015条英汉双解翻译词条，可根据汉字查询相应的英文词汇，基本涵盖了全部常用汉字的英文读音、翻译及用法，是英语学习及翻译工作的有利工具。