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释义 〔scarab〕A scarabaeid beetle, especiallyScarabaeus sacer, regarded as sacred by the ancient Egyptians. 金龟子科甲虫:金龟子科甲虫,尤指圣甲虫 被古代埃及人认作神物 〔where〕Whenwhere is used to refer to a point of origin, the prepositionfrom is required: Where did she come from? When it is used to refer to a point of destination,the prepositionto is generally superfluous: Where is she going? ( preferable toWhere is she going to? ). When it is used to refer to the place at which an event or a situation is located,the use ofat is widely regarded as regional or colloquial: Where is the station? (not Where is the station at? ). The idiomatic phrasewhere it's at, widely used in the 1960's to refer to "the current state of things,” is now largely pass?, except when used for stylistic effect: 当where 被用来指起源方面时, 介词from 就需要用上: 她从哪里来? 当它被用来指目的地时,介词to 就通常是多余的: 她要去哪里? ( 比起她要向哪里去? 更可取)。 当它被用来指事件所发生的场合或一种局面形势所处的地方时,使用at 则被广泛认作是地区性的或口语化的: 车站在哪里? (而不是 车站位于什么地方? )。 惯用语短语where it's at 在20世纪60年代广泛被用来指“事情的当前状态”,现已很大程度上过时了, 除非当我们用它来加强文体效果: 〔self〕tissues no longer recognized as self.不再认作是本体的组织〔interpret〕interpreted his smile to be an agreement; interpreted the open door as an invitation.把他的微笑理解成首肯;将敞开的大门认作为邀请〔readership〕The readers of a publication considered as a group.读者群:被认作一个整体的某出版物的读者群〔fatherly〕Of, like, or appropriate to a father:父亲般的:是、像或认作是父亲的:〔signage〕Signs considered as a group.标志总称:被认作一组的标志〔belting〕Belts considered as a group.带:被认作一组的带子〔classic〕An artist, author, or work generally considered to be of the highest rank or excellence, especially one of enduring significance.文豪,大艺术家,经典作品:被认作最高水平的或优秀的艺术家、作家和作品,尤指有持久意义的〔vocable〕A word considered only as a sequence of sounds or letters rather than as a unit of meaning.无意词:仅被认作为是一系列声音或字母而非有意义的单元的词〔woodchuck〕The woodchuck goes by several names in the United States.The most famous of these isgroundhog, under which name all the legends about the animal's hibernation have accrued.In the Appalachian Mountains the woodchuck is known as awhistle pig. The wordwoodchuck is probably a folk etymology of a New England Algonquian word—that is, English-speaking settlers "translated" the Indian word into a compound of two words that made sense to them in light of the animal's habitat.土拨鼠在美国有好几个名字。最有名的是groundhog, 在这个名字中关于动物冬眠的传奇已经出现了。在阿巴拉契亚山脉,土拨鼠被认作whistle pig 。 woodchuck 这个词可能是新英格兰阿尔贡金语中民间起源的语汇──就是说, 讲英语的殖民者的把这个印度语单词根据这种动物的习性“翻”成了两个字的合成词,以使其有意义〔biography〕Biographies considered as a group, especially when regarded as a genre.传记体文学:被认作一组的传记,尤指被认作一种体裁〔beggary〕Beggars considered as a group.乞丐们:被认作一组的乞丐〔squirearchy〕The landed gentry considered as a group or class.地主阶层,乡绅:被认作一组或一阶层的拥有土地的士绅〔purty〕Purty is probably the most common American example of metathesis, a linguistic process in which two adjacent sounds are reversed in order.Metathesis in English often involves the consonantr and a vowel, since the phonetic properties ofr are so vowellike. For example,the wordthird used to be thrid, and bird, brid. By the same process,Englishpretty often came to be realized as purty in regional speech. Most such words stabilized because of the influence of printing and the resultant standardized spelling,butpurty for pretty has survived in regional American dialects. Purty 可能是美国换位词最普遍的一个例子, 换位是两个相邻的音在顺序上调换位置的语法过程。英语中的换位经常包括辅音r 和一个元音, 因为r 的语音属性是非常像元音的。 举个例子来说,单词third 过去曾是 thrid 及 bird和brid。 具有同样的过程,英语单词pretty 在区域性语言中常被渐渐地认作 purty。 大部分这样的单词固定下来是因为印刷的影响以及由此而产生的标准化拼写,但是代替pretty 的 purty 却在美国区域性的方言中存在下来了 〔nebbish〕A person regarded as weak-willed or timid.窝囊废:认作为胆小,温顺的人〔kind〕To this may be added a word of caution to American writers:despite the existence of ample literary precedent forthese kind of films, the construction has been so thoroughly stigmatized by native grammariansthat its use would have to be reckoned indiscreet, if not strictly incorrect.关于这一点也许可以给美国作家加上一句警告:尽管有大量的像these kind of films 一样的文学上的先例存在, 这一结构已被本国的语法专家彻底否定掉,以至于它的用法即使不认为是严格的错误,也会被认作不慎重〔book〕Something regarded as a source of knowledge or understanding.知识之库:被认作知识或智力来源的东西〔negation〕The opposite or absence of something regarded as actual, positive, or affirmative.不存在:被认作为事实的,积极的或肯定的事物的反义词或缺乏〔virus〕Any of various simple submicroscopic parasites of plants, animals, and bacteria that often cause disease and that consist essentially of a core of RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein coat. Unable to replicate without a host cell, viruses are typically not considered living organisms.病毒:各种动物、植物和细菌的简单亚微观寄生虫之一,常引起疾病,主要由核糖核酸或脱氧核糖酸的一个核组成,周围有蛋白质包围。离开寄主细胞不能复制本身,病毒通常不被认作为是生物体
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