| 单词 | 认识 |
| 释义 | 〔introduce〕To provide (someone) with a beginning knowledge or first experience of something:使熟悉，带领：提供给（某人）某事物的初步认识或初次经历：〔anonymity〕One that is unknown or unacknowledged.匿名者，无名氏：不被认识或知道的人〔foresight〕Perception of the significance and nature of events before they have occurred.先见：在某事发生之前即对其重要性和本质的认识〔realistic〕Tending to or expressing an awareness of things as they really are:现实的：倾向于或表现出对事物真实情况的认识：〔receive〕To regard with approval or disapproval:得到肯定，评价不好：用赞许或不赞许的态度去认识：〔collegium〕"This standing firm . . . enables the college to be a community, a collegium of students and faculty working at common problems and possibilities from the shared perspective of the liberal arts"(Robert A. Spivey)“该常设机构…使这个学院成为一个共同体，一个由教师与学生组成的群体，从对人文科学的共同认识出发，解决共同的问题，探索共同的可能性”(罗伯特A.斯皮维)〔center〕According to traditional canons of usage,the verbcenter may be freely used with the prepositions on, upon, in, or at; but its use witharound is excoriated as "ungrammatical,” "illogical,” "geometrically senseless,” and "physically impossible.” But the fact that writers persist in using this phrase in sentencessuch asThe discussion centered around the need for curriculum revision (where traditionalists would require revolved around ) suggests a widespread perception that center around, for all its apparent illogicality,may sometimes represent the true nature of experience.Center may denote a variety of relations involving having, finding, or turning about a center, and the choice of a preposition depends on what is intended.There is reputable precedent for usagessuch asOur hope centered in the young sovereign; 根据传统用法，动词center 可以和介词 on，upon，in 或 at 自由连用； 但它和around 连用却被严厉指责为“不合语法”，“不合逻辑”，“几何上无意义”，“物理上不可能”。 然而事实上作家们坚持在句子里使用这个短语，比如讨论围绕修订工作的需求展开 （这里传统人士将用 rovolve around ）表明 center around 揭示了一个普遍的认识， 即尽管它明显不合逻辑，有时也会代表经验的真正特性。Center 可以指示包括拥有，发现或围绕中心转动在内的多种关系， 介词的选择取决于具体意向。用法上有著名的先例，如我们的希望集中于年轻的帝王身上； 〔acknowledge〕Probably blend of Middle English knowlechen [to acknowledge] from knowen [to know] * see know 可能混合了 中古英语 knowlechen [认识] 源自 knowen [知道] * 参见 know〔error〕The condition of having incorrect or false knowledge.失误，差错：理解或认识不正确或错误的状态〔recognition〕The act of recognizing or condition of being recognized.识别：认识的行为或被认识的情况〔hindsight〕Perception of the significance and nature of events after they have occurred.后知之明：在事情发生后对于事情的性质、重要性的认识〔nescience〕Absence of knowledge or awareness; ignorance.知识或认识缺乏；无知〔anonymity〕The quality or state of being unknown or unacknowledged.匿名，无名，姓氏不详：不被知道或认识的性质或状态〔phenomenalism〕The doctrine, set forth by David Hume and his successors, that percepts and concepts actually present in the mind constitute the sole object of knowledge, with the objects of perception themselves, their origin outside the mind, or the nature of the mind itself remaining forever beyond inquiry.现象主义：由大卫·休谟和他的继承者提出的学说，认为实际存在于人们意识中的感知和概念，连同被感知事物本身，它们在意识外的起源，或是意识本身的不可知性一同构成了人们对某一对象的认识〔method〕"For she and I were long acquainted/And I knew all her ways" (A.E. Housman).“因为她和我早已认识/我知道她所有的样子。” (A·E·惠斯曼）〔Piaget〕Swiss child psychologist noted for his studies of intellectual and cognitive development in children.皮亚杰，简：(1896-1980) 瑞士儿童心理学家，因研究儿童智力和认识发展而闻名〔friend〕A person whom one knows, likes, and trusts.朋友：一个你认识、喜欢和相信的人〔cognition〕That which comes to be known, as through perception, reasoning, or intuition; knowledge.认识：开始知道的事物，如通过知觉、推理或直觉；知识〔that〕He never knew her, that I know of.就我所知，他从不认识她〔apprehend〕 Apprehend can imply awareness or consciousness that comes through the emotions or senses: Apprehend 能够意指来源于情感或感觉的认识或自我意识： 〔anonymous〕Having an unknown or unacknowledged name:匿名的，姓氏不明的：姓名不被知道或不被认识的：〔inattention〕Lack of attention, notice, or regard.不注意，不理睬：缺乏注意、认识或忽视〔jurisprudence〕Latin prūdentia [knowledge] from prūdēns prūdent- [knowing] * see prudent 拉丁语 prūdentia [知识] 源自 prūdēns prūdent- [认识，认知] * 参见 prudent〔methodology〕Methodology can properly refer to the theoretical analysis of the methods appropriate to a field of study or to the body of methods and principles particular to a branch of knowledge.In this sense,one may speak ofobjections to the methodology of a geographic survey (i.e., objections dealing with the appropriateness of the methods used) or of themethodology of modern cognitive psychology (i.e., the principles and practices that underlie research in the field). In recent years, however,methodology has been increasingly used as a pretentious substitute for method in scientific and technical contexts, as inThe oil company has not yet decided on a methodology for restoring the beaches. This usage may have been fostered in part by the tendency to use the adjectivemethodological to mean "pertaining to methods,” in as much as the regularly formed adjectivemethodical has been preempted to mean "orderly, systematic.” But the misuse ofmethodology obscures an important conceptual distinction between the tools of scientific investigation (properly methods ) and the principles that determine how such tools are deployed and interpreted—a distinction that the scientific and scholarly communities, if not the wider public,should be expected to maintain.Methodology 可指对一个学科的研究方法进行的理论分析， 也可指一个学科特有的一整套方法与步骤。在这种意义上，人们可以说对于一个地理调查所用方法提出的异议 （即，关于所用方法是否适当所提的异议）， 也可以说现代认知心理学的研究方法 （即，形成一门学科的研究基础的原则和方法）。 然而，近些年来，在科学、技术语境中，methodology 越来越多地被用做颇带炫耀夸张色彩的 method 的替换词， 如说石油公司尚未决定恢复海滩环境的方法。 这种用法可能部分地起因于用形容词methodological 来表示“与方法有关的”意思的倾向， 因为用常规方法构成的形容词methodical 已先行意味着“有序的，有系统的”。 但是methodology 的这种错误用法模糊了一个重要的概念区分，那就是科学研究的方法（正确的说法应是 methods )和决定这些方法如何运用和阐释的原则之间的区分——这个区分， 如果不为更多的大众所认识，至少应为科学和学者圈子所坚持〔apprehend〕 comprehend and understand stress complete realization and knowledge: Comprehend 和 Apprehend 都强调完全的认识和知识： 〔cognition〕The mental process or faculty of knowing, including aspects such as awareness, perception, reasoning, and judgment.认识力：思想过程或认识才能，包括如意识、知觉、推理和判断等方面〔war〕A piece of liverwurst may perhaps help us gain some insight into the nature of war,at least into the semantic history of the wordwar. War and the -wurst part of liverwurst can be traced back to the same Indo-European root, wers-, "to confuse, mix up.” In the Germanic family of the Indo-European languages,this root gave rise to several words having to do with confusion or mixture of various kinds.In the case of the ancestry ofwar, the hypothetical Germanic stem .werza-, "confusion,” became .werra-, which passed into Old French, a language descended from spoken Latin but supplemented by more than 200 words borrowed from the Frankish invaders of the 5th century.From the Germanic stem came both the formwerre in Old North French, the form borrowed into English in the 12th century, and guerre (the source of guerilla ) in the rest of the Old French-speaking area. Both forms meant "war,” a very confused condition indeed.Meanwhile another Indo-European form derived from the same Indo-European root had developed into Old High Germanwurst, meaning "sausage,” from an underlying sense of "mixture,” which is, of course, related to the sense of the root "to confuse, mix up.”Modern Germanwurst was borrowed into English in the 19th century, first by itself (recorded in 1855) and then as part of the wordliverwurst (1869), the liver being a translation of Germanleber in leberwurst. 一块肝肠也许会帮助我们对战争的性质增加些认识，至少可了解war这一词的语义史。 War和 liverwurst 的一部分 -wurst 可以追溯到同一印欧语系词根 wers- “使迷惑，混杂”。 在印欧语系中的日耳曼语系中，该词根造出了好几个与迷惑或各种东西的混合物有关的词语。在war 的词源一例中，假定的日耳曼语词干 werza- “迷惑”变成了 werra- ， 又传入了来自拉丁语口语的古法语中，但是又附加了由5世纪法兰克侵略者带来的200多个单词。从日耳曼语词干中，既产生了古老的北部法语中的werre (12世纪该词传入英语），又产生了其它讲古法语地区的人用的 guerre ( guerilla 的词源）。 两个形式都表示“战争”，一个的确很糟糕的局面。同时，另一个从相同的印欧语系词根派生来的印欧语形式发展成了旧高地德语wurst “香肠”， 这是从其潜含义“混合物”而来的，“混合物”显然与“使困惑，混杂”的词根的含义有关。现代德语中的wurst 于19世纪传入英语中， 首先是它的独立形式（记载于1855年），然后是liverwurst 的一部分(1869年）， “肝”这层含义是由德语leberwurst 中的 leber 翻译而来 〔discern〕To recognize or comprehend mentally.理解，了解：从心理上认识或理解〔acquaintance〕A person whom one knows.熟人：所认识、了解的人〔acquaintance〕Knowledge or information about something or someone.认识，了解：关于某人或某事的情况和了解〔parent〕The Usage Panel is better disposed to accept the verbparent than in previous surveys, though a majority continues to find it unacceptable.In 1968 it was acceptable to only 19 percent of the Panel;in the most recent survey45 percent accepted it in the sentenceIn looking for foster homes, we give preference first to relatives and second to families with prior experience in parenting. · The use of the verbparent to mean "act as a parent to" is not entirely new:it occurs as early as 1884 in a metaphorical context.But its use in a literal sense with respect to children is a recent development and reflects a modern reconceptualization of family life.The word is not completely synonymous with the traditional expressionraise a child, though the precise nature of the differences may depend on the context.For some speakers,use of the word suggests a self-conscious shift from child to parent as the focus of the parental relationship,and it may be this implication that feeds critical reservations about the verb.But the usage also reflects a widespread practical realizationthat the activities required of a parent extend well beyond the direct interactionwith the child emphasized inchild raising. Thus theparenting classes for young parents offered by schools and state agencies encompass not only the activities traditionally associated with raising a childbut also topics such as personal self-sufficiency, household financial management, and methods of dealing with schools and health care agencies.See Usage Note at father 用法小组比以往更倾向于接受动词parent 了， 虽然还有大部分人觉得不可接受。1968年仅有19％的小组成员认同这种用法；在最近的调查中，有45％的人接受了它,如在：在寻找收养家庭时，我们首先选孩子的亲戚，其次是有过养育孩子经历的家庭 这样的句子中的用法。 Parent 的意为“做…的父（母）”动词用法， 并不完全是个新用法：早在1884年，在一个比喻性的文章中就出现过了。但就孩子这方面而言，它的本义是近期发展的结果并反映了现代家庭生活的观念。这个词并不与习语 raise a child 完全同义， 尽管不同之处确切的性质可能取决于说话背景。但对一些人来说，使用这个词暗含一个把家长的关系作为重点的自觉的从孩子到父母的转换，也许正是这个隐含的用意引起了关于这个动词批评性的保留。然而，这个用法也反映了广泛的现实认识，即要求父母的活动扩展到超出直接与孩子的相互作用，这个相互作用在 child raising 这个短语中有所强调。 因此，由学校和国家专门部门向年轻家长提供的 parenting 课， 不仅包括传统上与抚养孩子有关的事务，而且还包括诸如个人自给自足、家庭财政管理和同学校和保健部门打交道的方法等课题 参见 father〔ceremony〕the ceremony of shaking hands when introduced.介绍认识时的握手礼节〔cognizant〕Fully informed; conscious.See Synonyms at aware 认识的：被正式告知的；自觉的 参见 aware〔reconnoiter〕from Old French reconoistre [to recognize] * see recognize 源自 古法语 reconoistre [认识] * 参见 recognize〔reconnaissance〕from Old French reconoissance [recognition] 源自 古法语 reconoissance [认识] 〔foreknowledge〕Knowledge or awareness of something before its existence or occurrence; prescience.预知，先见：在事物存在或发生之前即对其产生认识；预知〔self〕One's consciousness of one's own being or identity; the ego:自我，自我意识：对自己的存在或身份的意识；认识：〔coexist〕"recognize and accept, as every President in the nuclear age has, that this means coexisting with the Soviet Union"(McGeorge Bundy)“如核时代每个总统所具有的，认识和接受这意味着与苏联和平共存”(麦乔治·邦迪)〔introduce〕introduced me to weightlifting.带领我认识举重〔get〕I didn't get your name when we were introduced.别人介绍我们认识时，我没听清楚你的名字 |
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英汉汉英双解词典收录301015条英汉双解翻译词条，可根据汉字查询相应的英文词汇，基本涵盖了全部常用汉字的英文读音、翻译及用法，是英语学习及翻译工作的有利工具。