| 单词 | 许多 |
| 释义 | 〔bilimbi〕The small, sour, greenish or yellowish cucumber-shaped fruit of this tree, eaten as a pickle or used in relishes and various dishes.三捻树果：该树结的酸味的、浅绿或浅黄色黄瓜状小果实，作为腌菜而食或用在许多菜中〔mouse〕Any of various similar or related animals, such as the jumping mouse, the vole, or the jerboa.鼠：许多类似或与之有关的动物，如跳鼠、田鼠等〔cellulose〕A complex carbohydrate, (C6H 10O 5) n, that is composed of glucose units, forms the main constituent of the cell wall in most plants, and is important in the manufacture of numerous products, such as paper, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and explosives. 纤维素：一种复杂的碳水化合物， (C6H 10O 5) n，由葡萄糖分子组成，是大部分植物细胞壁的主要成分，在许多产品生产如纸张、织物、药物和炸药中起着重要作用 〔Marquand〕American writer who created the Japanese sleuth Mr. Moto and wrote comic novels about rich New England families, includingThe Late George Apley (1937). 马昆德，约翰·菲利普斯：(1893-1960) 美国作家，他塑造了日本侦探本先生的形象，并写了许多关于新英格兰富裕家庭的小说，其中有《已故的乔治·阿普雷先生》 （1937年） 〔satiety〕The condition of being full or gratified beyond the point of satisfaction; surfeit.饱足：超出满足之外的饱和状况；许多〔diamante〕Fabric that has been covered with many of these ornaments.亮片服装：镶满许多这种装饰品的织物〔Megiddo〕An ancient city of northwest Palestine on the southern edge of the Plain of Esdraelon. It was the scene of many battles throughout early history because of its strategic position on the route connecting Egypt with Mesopotamia.美吉多：巴勒斯坦西北部古城，位于厄斯垂伊伦的南部边缘。因其位于连接埃及和美索不达米亚的通道上这一战略位置而成为早期历史上许多战役的发生地点〔naprapathy〕Treatment of disease by manipulation of joints, muscles, and ligaments, based on the belief that many diseases are caused by displacement of connective tissues.推拿疗法：用关节、肌肉和韧带的处理手法来治疗疾病，基于坚信许多疾病由结缔组织的移位而引起〔breadroot〕A perennial herb(Psoralea esculenta) in the pea family, native to prairies and plains in central North America, and having a tuberous, starchy root that was an important food for many Native Americans. Also called prairie potato 食用补骨脂：一种多年生豆科草本植物（食用补骨脂 补骨脂属） ，原产于北美洲中部的草原和平原，其含淀粉的块根是许多美国土著人的重要食物 也作 prairie potato〔methyl〕The univalent hydrocarbon radical, CH3-, derived from methane and occurring in many important organic compounds. 甲基：单价碳氢基，CH3-，由甲烷中衍生出，在许多重要有机化合物中出现 〔choice〕The store offers a wide choice of fruits and vegetables.商店提供许多可供选择的水果和蔬菜。〔numerous〕Amounting to a large number; many.许多的：为数众多的；许多的〔glamour〕Many words, such ashonor, vapor, and labor, are usually spelled with an -or ending in American English but with an-our ending in British English. The preferred spelling ofglamour, however, is -our, making it an exception to the usual American practice.The adjective is more often spelledglamorous in both American and British usage. 美式英语中的许多词，如honor，vapor 和 labor 经常以 -or 作为拼写的结尾， 而在英式英语中却以-our 作为结尾。 但glamour 的拼法却以 -our 作为结尾， 成为美式英语中的例外。无论是在美式英语还是英式英语中这个形容词更经常地被拼为glamorous 〔cephalothorax〕The anterior section of arachnids and many crustaceans, consisting of the fused head and thorax.头胸部：蛛形纲动物和许多甲壳纲动物身体前部头胸合一的部分〔hard〕 Difficult andhard are interchangeable in many instances: Difficult 和hard 这两个词在许多情况下是可以互换使用的： 〔Munch〕Norwegian artist whose works include etchings, lithographs, and paintings, such asThe Scream (1893) and Frieze of Life (1897). 蒙克，埃德瓦：(1863-1944) 挪威艺术家，他的著作包括许多蚀刻画、平版画和油画，比如《呐喊》 （1893年）和 《弗里斯的一生》 （1897年） 〔finalize〕Finalize is frequently associated with the language of bureaucracy and so is objected to by many writers.The sentenceWe will finalize plans for a class reunion was unacceptable to 71 percent of the Usage Panel. Althoughfinalize has no single exact synonym, a substitute can always be found from amongcomplete, conclude, make final, and put into final form. See Usage Note at -ize Finalize 经常与官方语言联系在一起， 所以被许多作家拒绝使用。我们将完成班级聚会的计划 这句话在用法专题使用小组中有71%的成员认为不可接受。 虽然finalize 没有特别好的近义词， 但总还是可以从 complete, conclude, make final 以及 put into final form当中找到替代词 参见 -ize〔Esperanto〕An artificial international language with a vocabulary based on word roots common to many European languages and a regularized system of inflection.世界语：一种人造的国际辅助语，其单词是建立在许多欧洲语言基础上，具有规定统一的音调变化系统〔polymer〕Any of numerous natural and synthetic compounds of usually high molecular weight consisting of up to millions of repeated linked units, each a relatively light and simple molecule.聚合物：许多天然和人工合成的化合物中的任一种，通常具高分子的重量，包含最多可达上百万个的彼此重复且相连的单位，每一个单位都是一个相对较轻和较简单的分子〔go〕"a collection of memorable pieces about the general craziness that was going down in those days"(James Atlas)“许多发生在那时的狂热而值得怀念的琐忆”(詹姆斯·阿特拉斯)〔party〕Party is unexceptionable when used to refer to a participant in a social arrangement, as inShe was not named as a party in the conspiracy. It is this sense that underlies the legal use of the term,as when one speaks of theparties to a contract. The legal use has in turn led to the presence of the word in many fixed expressions,such asinjured party and third party. Butparty is also widely used as a general substitute for person, as inWould all parties who left packages at the desk please reclaim their property. This usage has been established for many centuries,but in the Victorian era it came to be associated with the language of the semieducated(theOxford English Dictionary describes it as "shoppy"), and it has been the subject of many later criticisms.This use ofparty may have been reinforced by its modern adoption by telephone operators. In other contexts,when used in earnest,it may be perceived as a superfluous variant forperson. But the jocular use of the term is well established,particular in references such asa wise old party. Party 用作指一项社会活动的参与者是很常见的， 如她不是这一阴谋的参与者。 正是这一意义构成了这一词的法律用法，如人们说及 parties to a contract 。 这种法律用法反过来又使得这一词出现在许多固定的短语中，如injured party 和 third party。 但party 也被广泛地用于对 person 的泛称， 如在所有将包裹放在桌子上的人请来认领他们的东西。 这种用法已确立了许多个世纪，但在维多利亚时代，它开始与受过部分教育的人的语言联系起来（牛津英语词典 把它描述为“三句话不离本行的”）， 并且它已成为后来许多批判家批评的对象。Party 的这一用法由于话务员的经常采用而被强化了。 在其它的上下文中，当用于严肃的场合时，它可以被视作是person 不必要的变体。 但这一词诙谐的用法确立已久，尤其在提及如一个精明的老人 时 〔pad〕The cushionlike flesh on the underpart of the toes and feet of many animals.趾肉：许多动物的脚趾和脚下面的象垫子状的肉〔clavicle〕One of the bones of the pectoral girdle in many vertebrates.胸带骨：许多脊椎动物的胸带骨中的一块〔score〕scores Large numbers: scores 许多：〔Paganini〕Italian violinist and composer whose works include six violin concertos and many other virtuoso violin pieces.帕格尼尼，尼科罗：(1782-1840) 意大利小提琴家和作曲家，他的作品包括六部小提琴协奏曲和许多其它艺术鉴赏小提琴片段〔Rossetti〕British poet and painter. A founder (1848) of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, he is known for his portraits and his vividly detailed, mystic poems, including "The Blessed Damozel" (1850). His sisterChristina Georgina Rossetti (1830-1894) wrote lyrical religious works and ballads, such as "Up-Hill" (1861). 罗塞蒂，但丁·加布里埃尔：(1828-1882) 英国诗人和画家，是先拉斐尔兄弟会的创建人之一(1848年），以其肖像画及“神女”(1850年）等细节生动和神秘的诗篇而出名。他的妹妹克里斯蒂娜·乔治娜·罗塞蒂 (1830-1894年）写了许多如"Up-Hill"(1861年）等富于宗教感的抒情诗和民谣 〔careerism〕"Rampant careerism, which makes many a work place a joyless site, was in check"(Mary McGrory)“把许多工作场所变成无生趣的地方的狂热名利主义曾受到抑制”(玛丽·麦格罗里)〔consensus〕Many grammarians have maintained that the expressionconsensus of opinion is redundant, inasmuch asconsensus itself denotes a judgment about which there is general agreement. Consensus of opinion has often been used by reputable writers, however, and has sometimes been defended on the grounds that a consensus may involve attitudes other than opinions;thus, one may speak of aconsensus of beliefs, or a consensus of usage. Nonetheless, the qualifying phrase can usually be omitted with no loss of clarity.The sentenceIt was the consensus of opinion among the sportswriters that the game should not have been played says nothing that is not said by 许多语法学家都认为短语consensus of opinion 这个说法是罗唆的， 因为consensus 本身就表示一种得到大多数同意的意见。 然而consensus of opinion 仍常常被知名作家所使用， 并且有时人们会辩解说它除了意见上的一致外可能还包括态度上的一致；因此，我们可以说consensus of beliefs（信仰一致） 或 consensus of usage（用法一致）。 尽管这样，限定性短语通常可以被省略而不会使表达不清楚。如体育新闻记者们的一致意见是这场比赛本不应该进行的 这个句子并不比 〔Hohenlohe〕German princely family in existence since the 12th century. Its members held a number of important military and political positions in the 19th and early 20th centuries.霍恩洛亚：12世纪出现的德国皇族，其家族许多成员在19世纪及20世纪初期担任了军事及政治要职〔mackerel〕Any of various similar fishes.其它许多类似的鱼的任一种〔unique〕Over the course of the centuryunique has become the paradigmatic example of the class of terms that do not allow comparison or modification by an adverb of degree such as very, somewhat, or quite. Thus, most grammarians believe that it is incorrect to say that something isvery unique or more unique than something else, though phrases such asnearly unique and almost unique are acceptable. In the most recent survey the sentenceHer designs are quite unique in today's fashion scene was unacceptable to 80 percent of the Usage Panel. · Critical objections to the comparison and degree modification of absolute terms date to the 18th centuryand have been applied to a wide group of adjectives includingequal, fatal, omnipotent, parallel, perfect, and unanimous. According to the standard argument, such words denote properties that a thing either does or does not have but cannot have to a qualifiable degree.Thus ifunique is properly used to mean "without equal or equivalent,” something either is unique or it isn't, and phrases such asvery unique and more unique can only betray a weakening of the sense to mean something like "unusual" or "distinctive.” It is true that comparison and modification ofunique are often associated with the style favored by copywriters, as in the advertisement announcing thatOmaha's most unique restaurant is now even more unique or in the claim that a new automobile is So unique, it's patented. But modification ofunique is also found in the work of reputable writers, where it may lack any connotations of hyperbole.A painting is described asthe most unique of Beckman's self-portraits, and a travel writer states thatChicago is no less unique an American city than New York or San Francisco. The relative acceptability of these usages reflects the semantic subtlety ofunique itself. If we were to useunique only according to the strictest criteria of logic, after all, we might freely apply the term to anything in the worldsince nothing is wholly equivalent to anything else.Clearly, then, when we say that a restaurant or painting is unique,we mean that it is worthy of inclusion in a class by itself according to certain implicit but generally accepted criteria.Thus a legitimately unique painting might be one that realizes an unparalleled aesthetic vision,but not one that is rendered only in pigments whose names begin with the lettero; and a legitimately unique restaurant might be one that serves 18th-century French cuisine according to the original recipes,not one that has been installed in a converted sardine cannery.Given this understanding, it is not inherently impossible to think of uniqueness as a matter of degree,in the sense that one painting or restaurant may be more or less worthy of inclusion in a class by itself than some other. ·What is troubling about the copywriters' use ofunique is not that the word has become a synonym for unusual. Rather, it is the copywriters who are using the word in conformity with strict logic.Uniqueness is claimed for a restaurant in virtue of some trivial properties of its decor or menu,or for a resort hotel that simply happens to have a singularly picturesque view of the bay.Though it may be true that such properties render these thingslogically unique, they do not constitute legitimate grounds for putting the things into a class by themselves according to the criteria ordinarily invoked when things are sorted into classes.In fact, the abuse ofunique can be cloying even when no modification or comparison is involved; when we read an advertisement for a line of sportswear that featuresa unique selection of colors, we may suspect that the distinctive properties of the color selection are not so remarkable as the advertiser would have us believe. But it is not surprising that these uses ofunique should lend themselves to promiscuous modification and comparison; for once it is granted that uniqueness can be claimed for any product or service that is somehow distinctive from all its competitors,it is inevitable that an increase in uniqueness will be seen in every minor innovation.See Usage Note at equal ,infinite ,parallel ,perfect 在本世纪整个过程中unique 已成为不能由程度副词，例 very、somewhat 或 quite， 比较或修饰的一类术语的例证。 因此，多数语法学家认为说某事是very unique 或 more unique than 是不正确的， 虽然短语例如nearly unique 和 almost unique 是可接受的。 在最近的调查中，句子Her designs are quite unique in today's fashion scene （她的设计在现今流行样式的场面中是很独特的） 对用法专题使用小组的百分之八十成员是不可接受的。 对纯粹术语的比较和程度修饰的主要异议可追述到18世纪，并已广泛用到许多形容词中，包括equal, fatal, omnipotent, parallel, perfect 和 unanimous。 根据标准论据，这些单词表示一事有或没有但不能有可修饰的程度的性质。于是如果unique 适当地用于表示“没有相等或相当的”，则某事是唯一的或不是唯一的， 而短语像very unique 和 more unique 仅能表露出说明某事像“不寻常的”或“独特的”的意义的减弱。 的确，unique 的比较和修饰常与撰稿人喜欢的文体相联系， 如在广告中称Omaha's most unique restaurant is now even more unique（奥马哈城的最独特的餐馆现在甚至是更加独特） 或声称新汽车是 So unique, it's patented（如此独特，它取得了专利权）。 但是unique 的修饰也在著名作家的作品中发现， 那里可能缺乏夸张法的任何涵义。描述一张油画为the most unique of Beckman's self-portraits（最独特的贝克曼的自画像）， 一位旅游作家叙述Chicago is no less unique an American city than New York or San Francisco（芝加哥比纽约或旧金山是不逊独特的美国城市）。 这些用法的相对可接受性反映unique 自身语义的巧妙。 如果我们仅按照逻辑的严格标准使用unique ， 则我们终于会自由地把此术语使用于世界上的任何事，因为没有完全等同于另一事的事。于是，显然当我们说餐馆或油画是独特的时，我们意味着根据某种隐含的但可普遍接受的判据它是值得包含在一个等级内的。于是合理独特的油画可能是实现空前未有的审美型的，而不是仅给予名字以字母O开始的颜料； 合理独特的餐馆可能根据原来的食谱提供18世纪法国菜肴的餐馆，而不是配备转换的沙丁鱼罐头食品的餐馆。按这样了解，将独特性视为程度问题不是本来就不可能的，在这个意义上一张油画或一个餐馆或多或少可能是极好的有价值的内涵物而不是其他。关于撰稿人使用unique 的困惑不是此单词已成为 unusual 的同义词。 相反地，正是撰稿人使用此单词与严密的逻辑相一致。对餐馆声称独特性是由于它的布置或菜单的某些不重要的性质，或者对于人们常去的旅馆仅因为有海湾的独一无二地别致的景象。虽然这样的性质使得这些事logically 独特的可能是真实的， 但是当事情进行了分类，根据平常实行的判据把这些事情自身放到一类，他们不组成正常的基础。事实上unique 的滥用会使人发腻，即使在没有涉及修饰或比较的时候； 当我们读运动服装的unique selection of colors（颜色的独特选择） 的一行广告时， 我们会怀疑颜色选择的独特性质并非广告商希望我们所认为的那么明显。但不必惊讶于unique 的这些用法应当适用于杂乱的修饰和比较； 就这一次可以承认，独特性能用来指任何产品或服务，它们与所有的竞争者相比较有某种程度的特色，在每一小的创新中可以看到独特性的增加是必然会发生的 参见 equal,infinite,parallel,perfect〔taurine〕A colorless crystalline substance, C2H 7NO 3S, formed by the hydrolysis of taurocholic acid and found in the fluids of the muscles and lungs of many animals. 牛磺酸：一种无色结晶状物质，C2H 7NO 3S，由于牛胆酸的水解作用形成，发现于许多动物的肌肉和肺中 〔Eliot〕English missionary in America who converted many Native Americans to Christianity and contributed toThe Bay Psalm Book (1640), the first book printed in New England. 埃利奥特，约翰：(1604-1690) 美裔英籍传教士，他把许多美国本土人转变成基督教徒并且是新英格兰出版的第一本书《荣誉赞美诗》 （1640年）的撰写人 〔multitude〕from multus [many] * see mel- 2源自 multus [许多] * 参见 mel- 2〔MacBride〕Irish politician who opposed Ireland's secession from Great Britain and was active in a number of international human rights organizations. He shared the 1974 Nobel Peace Prize.麦克布莱德，希恩：(1904-1988) 爱尔兰政治家，反对爱尔脱离英国并活跃在许多国际人权组织中，与别人共获1974年诺贝尔和平奖〔Kern〕American composer of numerous musicals, includingShow Boat (1927), and more than a thousand songs, such as "Ol' Man River" and "Smoke Gets in Your Eyes.” 克恩，杰罗姆·戴维：(1885-1945) 美国许多音乐作品的作曲家，作品有《演出船》 （1927年）和一千多首歌曲，如“老人河”和“烟雾进入你的眼睛” 〔highfalutin〕H.L. Mencken, in his famous bookThe American Language, mentions highfalutin as an example of the many native U.S. words coined during the 19th-century period of vigorous growth. Althoughhighfalutin is characteristic of American folk speech, it is not a true regionalismbecause it has always occurred in all regions of the country,with its use and popularity spurred by its appearance in print.The origin ofhighfalutin, like that of many folk expressions, is obscure. It has been suggested that the second element,-falutin, comes from the verbflute —hence high-fluting, a comical indictment of one who thinks too highly of oneself. H.L.曼肯，在其名著美国的语言 一书中指出， highfalutin 一词是众多的创造于19世纪迅速成长时期的美国本土的词汇的一个例子。 尽管highfalutin 一词是典型的美国民间用语， 但它不是方言土语，因为它总是出现在国家的各个地区。出现在印刷品上更促进了它的使用。highfalutin 一词的起源，象许多民间表达方式一样不为人所知， 曾有人说该词的第二词素-falutin， 来源于动词flute ——由此 high-fluting， 特指太自高自大的人 〔Aberdeen〕also [ăb'ər-dēnʹ] A city of northeast Scotland on the North Sea at the mouth of the Dee River. It is known as "the Granite City" because stone from local quarries is used in many of its buildings. Population, 212,542. 也作 [ăb'ər-dēnʹ] 阿伯丁：英国苏格兰东北部城市，位于迪河在北海的入海口。它被称为“花岗岩之城”，因为它的许多建筑都使用了附近采石厂的岩石。人口212,542〔Kung〕Chinese leader who as prime minister and coregent (1862-1873) suppressed the Taiping Revolution (1864) and adopted many Western military techniques and materiel.恭亲王：中国掌权者，曾任总理和联合摄政王（1862-1873年）。1864年镇压了太平天国运动，他采用了许多西方军事技术和器械〔Krupskaya〕Russian revolutionary and wife of Vladimir Lenin. She held numerous political posts before and after the October Revolution (1917) and wroteMemories of Lenin (1930). 克鲁普斯卡娅，纳德扎达·康斯坦丁诺维纳：(1869-1939) 俄国革命者和瓦尔德米尔·列宁的妻子。十月革命（1917年）前后担任过许多政治工作，撰写了《忆列宁》 一书（1930年） |
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