| 单词 | 诺贝尔和平奖 |
| 释义 | 〔Renault〕French jurist who represented France at The Hague Conference of 1907. He shared the 1907 Nobel Peace Prize.雷诺，简·路易斯：(1843-1918) 法国法官，1907年。他代表法国参加了海牙会议。他获得了1907年诺贝尔和平奖〔Cecil〕British public official who helped draft the League of Nations Covenant and was president of the League of Nations Union (1923-1945). He won the 1937 Nobel Peace Prize.塞西尔，（埃德加·阿尔杰诺恩）罗伯特：(1864-1958) 英国公务员，参与起草了国际联盟协定并担任国际联盟主席（1923—1945年）。1937年获诺贝尔和平奖〔King〕American cleric whose eloquence and commitment to nonviolent tactics formed the foundation of the civil rights movement of the 1950's and 1960's. Among the many peaceful demonstrations he led was the 1963 March on Washington, at which he delivered his "I have a dream" speech. He won the 1964 Nobel Peace Prize, four years before he was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee.金，小马丁·路德：(1929-1968) 美国牧师。他对非暴力策略的雄辩和信奉导致了20世纪50年代和60年代民权运动的形成。在他领导的众多和平示威中包括1963年的向华盛顿进军，此中他发布了“我有一个梦想”的演说。1964年他获诺贝尔和平奖，四年后被暗杀于田纳西州的孟菲斯〔MacBride〕Irish politician who opposed Ireland's secession from Great Britain and was active in a number of international human rights organizations. He shared the 1974 Nobel Peace Prize.麦克布莱德，希恩：(1904-1988) 爱尔兰政治家，反对爱尔脱离英国并活跃在许多国际人权组织中，与别人共获1974年诺贝尔和平奖〔Rotblat〕Polish-born British physicist who developed medical applications for radioactivity. An outspoken opponent of nuclear weapons, he won the 1995 Nobel Peace Prize.劳伯特，约瑟夫：开发放射现象医疗应用的波兰裔英国物理学家。作为核武器直言不讳的反对者，他获得了1995年的诺贝尔和平奖〔Pauling〕American chemist. He won a 1954 Nobel Prize for work on the nature of chemical bonding and the 1962 Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts toward disarmament.鲍林，利诺斯·卡尔：(生于 1901) 美国化学家。因其在研究化学键性质的成就获1954年度诺贝尔奖，1962年又因其在裁军方面所付出的努力而获诺贝尔和平奖〔Peres〕Polish-born Israeli political leader who served as prime minister (1977, 1984-1986, and 1995-1996). He shared the 1994 Nobel Peace Prize for his negotiations with the Palestine Liberation Organization.佩雷斯，沙龙：波兰裔以色列籍政治领袖，曾任以色列总理（1977年、1984年-1986年、1995年-1996年）。因其与巴勒斯坦解放组织的多次谈判而与人共获1994年诺贝尔和平奖〔Dawes〕Vice President of the United States (1925-1929) under Calvin Coolidge. He shared the 1925 Nobel Peace Prize for proposing the Dawes Plan to reduce Germany's World War I reparations.道威斯，查尔斯·盖茨：(1865-1951) 卡尔文·库利奇时的美国副总统(1925-1929年）。因提议减少德国一战赔款问题的道威斯计划而获得了1925年诺贝尔和平奖〔Cremer〕British pacifist who founded the Workmen's Peace Association (1870). He won the 1903 Nobel Peace Prize.克雷墨，威廉·兰德尔：(1838-1908) 英国和平主义者，曾创立了工人和平协会(1870年）。他获得了1903年诺贝尔和平奖〔Lange〕Norwegian pacifist and historian. He shared the 1921 Nobel Peace Prize for his work as secretary-general of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (1909-1933).兰格，克里斯蒂安·路易斯：(1869-1938) 挪威和平主义者和历史学者，由于他在1909-1933年间担任国际议会联合组织秘书长时的杰出工作而获得1921年的诺贝尔和平奖〔Teresa〕Albanian-born Indian nun. Dedicated to relieving the suffering of India's desperately poor and dying people, she founded a Roman Catholic congregation of sisters, the Missionaries of Charity, in 1950. She won the 1979 Nobel Peace Prize.特勒撒：生于阿尔巴尼亚的印度修女，她献身于扶助印度贫困无助和濒临死亡的人们，并于1950年建立了一个罗马天主教修女组织-慈善传教会。她于1979年获诺贝尔和平奖〔Briand〕French politician who became prime minister for the first of 11 times in 1909. As foreign minister he was the chief architect of the Locarno Pact (1925), which guaranteed the borders of Belgium, France, and Germany. He also drew up the Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928) and shared the 1926 Nobel Peace Prize.白里安，阿里斯蒂德：(1862-1932) 法国政治家，从1909年起11次联任总理。任外交部长时是洛迦诺条约的主要筹划者（1925年）。这一条约保证了比利时、法国和德国边境的和平。他也起草了凯洛格-白里安公约(1928年），并获1926年诺贝尔和平奖〔Luthuli〕Zulu leader who advocated nonviolent resistance against apartheid. He won the 1960 Nobel Peace Prize.鲁图利，阿尔贝特·约翰：(1898-1967) 祖鲁族首领，提倡非暴力的抵制种族隔离，获1960年诺贝尔和平奖〔Beernaert〕Belgian diplomat active in the peace conferences at The Hague (1899 and 1907). He shared the 1909 Nobel Peace Prize.贝尔纳特，奥古斯特·玛丽·弗朗索瓦：(1829-1912) 比利时外交家，曾活跃于1899年和1907年的海牙和平会议。于1909年获诺贝尔和平奖〔Arnoldson〕Swedish politician and pacifist. He shared the 1908 Nobel Peace Prize for efforts to keep peace between Sweden and Norway.阿诺德森，克拉斯·篷图斯：(1844-1916) 瑞典政治家和和平主义者。因他使瑞典和挪威双方保持和平的努力而获1908年诺贝尔和平奖〔Myrdal〕Swedish sociologist and diplomat. She shared the 1982 Nobel Peace Prize for her role in the United Nations nuclear disarmament negotiations.米达尔，阿尔瓦：(1902-1986) 瑞典社会主义者和外交家，因在联合国裁减核武器的协商中所作的贡献而获得1982年的诺贝尔和平奖〔Asser〕Dutch statesman and jurist. He shared the 1911 Nobel Peace Prize.阿塞尔，托拜斯·迈克尔·卡雷尔：(1838-1913) 荷兰政治家和法官，获1911年诺贝尔和平奖〔Roosevelt〕The 26th President of the United States (1901-1909). A hero of the Spanish-American War, he served as governor of New York (1899-1900) and U.S. Vice President (1901) under William McKinley. On McKinley's assassination (September 1901), he assumed the presidency. Roosevelt's administration was marked by the regulation of trusts, the building of the Panama Canal, and a foreign policy based on the motto "Speak softly and carry a big stick.” He won the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize for his mediation in the Russo-Japanese War.罗斯福，狄奥多尔：(1858-1919) 美国第二十六任总统(1901-1909年），他是美西战争的中心人物，曾任纽约州州长(1899-1900年）并在威廉·麦金利被暗杀后(1901年9月）继任总统。他的政策以调节托拉斯集团、建筑巴拿马运河及对外奉行“说话和气，手持大棒”为显著特征。他因调停俄日战争而获1906年度诺贝尔和平奖〔Hume〕Politician of Northern Ireland. Head of the Social Democratic and Labour Party since 1979, Hume shared the 1998 Nobel Peace Prize with David Trimble for working to establish peace in Northern Ireland.休姆，约翰：北爱尔兰政治家。自1979年起担任社会民主和劳动党领袖，由于休姆与戴维·川保在建立北爱尔兰和平中所做的努力，他们共同获得1998年诺贝尔和平奖〔Passy〕French economist and pacifist who founded the International League for Permanent Peace (1867). In 1901 he shared the first Nobel Peace Prize.帕西，弗雷德里克：(1822-1912) 法国经济学家和和平主义者，建立了国际永久性和平协会(1867年）。1901年他与人共获得第一届诺贝尔和平奖〔Moneta〕Italian journalist and pacifist who founded societies for the preservation of peace. He shared the 1907 Nobel Peace Prize.莫内塔，恩斯托·特奥多罗：(1833-1918) 意大利记者和和平主义者，他设立了维护和平的团体。他曾获得1907年诺贝尔和平奖〔Balch〕American economist and sociologist. A founder of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (1919), she shared the 1946 Nobel Peace Prize.鲍尔奇，埃米莉·格林：(1867-1961) 美国经济学家和社会学家。是1919年成立的国际妇女和平与自由同盟的创立人，于1946获诺贝尔和平奖〔Gorbachev〕Soviet politician who served as general secretary of the Communist Party (1985-1991) and became president of the U.S.S.R. in 1989. He won the 1990 Nobel Peace Prize.戈尔巴乔夫，米克海尔·谢尔盖耶维奇：(生于 1931) 苏联政治家，在1985-1991年期间任苏联共产党总书记，1989年成为苏联总统。曾获1990年诺贝尔和平奖〔Chamberlain〕British politician who helped establish the Locarno Pact. He won the 1925 Nobel Peace Prize.张伯伦，（约瑟夫）奥斯特：(1863-1937) 英国政治家，因协助签订《洛迦诺公约》获1925年诺贝尔和平奖〔Walesa〕Polish labor leader. He won the 1983 Nobel Peace Prize for his leadership of the independent trade union Solidarity. In 1990 he was elected president of Poland.瓦文萨，里奇：(生于 1943) 波兰劳工领袖。以其对波兰独立自治团结工会的领导，获1983年诺贝尔和平奖。1990年，他当选为波兰总统〔Sato〕Japanese politician who served as prime minister (1964-1972). He won the 1974 Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts toward nuclear disarmament.佐藤，荣作：(1901-1975) 日本政治家，曾任首相(1964-1972年），由于他为核裁军做出的努力而获得1974年诺贝尔和平奖〔Williams〕Irish peace activist. She shared the 1976 Nobel Peace Prize for work in Northern Ireland's peace movement.威廉斯，伊丽莎白：(生于 1943) 爱尔兰和平活动家。她因在北爱尔兰和平运动中所作的工作获1976年诺贝尔和平奖〔Kissinger〕German-born American diplomat who was national security adviser (1969-1975) and U.S. secretary of state (1973-1977) under Presidents Nixon and Ford. He shared the 1973 Nobel Peace Prize for helping negotiate the Vietnam cease-fire.基辛格，亨利·阿尔弗烈德：(生于 1923) 德国裔美国外交家，曾在尼克松总统和福特总统手下任国家安全事务顾问（1969-1975年）和美国国务卿（1973-1977年）。他因促进越南停战谈判而获1973年诺贝尔和平奖〔Belo〕East Timorese Roman Catholic bishop. An outspoken critic of Indonesia's invasion and colonization of East Timor, he shared the 1996 Nobel Peace Prize with José Ramos-Horta.贝罗，卡罗斯·菲力普·西门尼：东帝汶天主教主教。他直言不讳地谴责印度尼西亚入侵和殖民地化东帝汶，与若斯·拉默斯-荷塔共获1996年诺贝尔和平奖〔Ossietzky〕German journalist and pacifist who was imprisoned (1931-1932 and 1933-1936) for exposing Germany's military buildup. He won the 1935 Nobel Peace Prize.奥西茨基，卡尔·冯：(1889-1938) 德国新闻记者、和平主义者，因揭露德国重整军备而被监禁(1931-1932和1933-1936年），获1935年诺贝尔和平奖〔Root〕American lawyer and public official who served as U.S. secretary of war (1899-1904), secretary of state (1905-1909), and senator from New York (1909-1915). He won the 1912 Nobel Peace Prize.鲁特，伊莱休：(1845-1937) 美国律师和政府官员，曾任美国作战部长(1899-1904年）、国务卿(1905-1909年）及从纽约州选出的参议院议员(1909-1915年），曾获1912年诺贝尔和平奖〔Sakharov〕Soviet physicist and dissident who helped develop the first Soviet hydrogen bomb. An outspoken advocate of human rights and nuclear disarmament, he won the 1975 Nobel Peace Prize and was banished to Gorky from 1980 to 1986.萨哈罗夫，安德烈·迪米特里耶维奇：(1921-1989) 苏联物理学家，持不同政见者，参与制造苏联第一颗氢弹，人权的鼓吹者，要求解除核威胁，于1975年获诺贝尔和平奖，从1980年至1986年被放逐到高尔基〔Schweitzer〕French philosopher, physician, and musician who founded (1913) and spent much of his life at a missionary hospital in present-day Gabon. Schweitzer was a noted organist and wrote many philosophical and theological works. He won the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize.施韦策尔，阿尔贝特：(1875-1965) 法国哲学、医生和音乐家。他在今天的加彭成立了一家教会医院(1913年），并为此花费了大部分时间。施韦策尔是一个有名的风琴演奏家，并写有许多哲学和神学作品。他获得了1952年诺贝尔和平奖〔Suttner〕Austrian pacifist who wrote the novelLay Down Your Arms (1889). She was the first woman to receive the Nobel Peace Prize (1905). 萨特，贝塔·冯：(1843-1914) 奥地利和平主义者，曾著有小说《放下你们的武器》 （1889年），她是第一位获得诺贝尔和平奖(1905年）的女性 〔Tutu〕South African prelate. A leader in the antiapartheid struggle, he has been a prominent advocate of international economic sanctions against South Africa. He won the 1984 Nobel Peace Prize.图图，德斯蒙德：(生于 1931) 南非主教。种族隔离斗争的领袖，他是对南非的国际经济制裁的重要拥护者，他获得了1984年诺贝尔和平奖〔Henderson〕British politician who was president of the World Disarmament Conference (1932-1935). He won the 1934 Nobel Peace Prize.亨德森，阿瑟：(1863-1935) 英国政治家，曾为世界裁军大会(1932-1935年）的主席。他获1934年诺贝尔和平奖〔Ducommun〕Swiss journalist who organized the International Bureau of Peace in Bern (1891). He shared the 1902 Nobel Peace Prize.杜科蒙，埃利：(1833-1906) 瑞士记者，在波恩组织国际和平局(1891年），是1902年获得诺贝尔和平奖〔Dunant〕Swiss philanthropist who founded the International Red Cross (1864). He shared the 1901 Nobel Peace Prize.杜南，简·亨利：(1828-1910) 瑞士慈善家，创办国际红十字会(1864年），是1901年诺贝尔和平奖得主之一〔Nansen〕Norwegian explorer, zoologist, and politician who led an Arctic expedition (1893-1896) and directed the League of Nations relief programs for refugees of World War I. He won the 1922 Nobel Peace Prize.南森，弗里德托夫：(1861-1930) 挪威探险家、动物学者和政治家，曾领导过北极探险(1893-1896年），并组织了民族联盟救济一战难民的工作，他获得了1922年的诺贝尔和平奖〔Bourgeois〕French statesman who was a member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague (1903-1925) and helped draft the Covenant of the League of Nations (1919). He won the 1920 Nobel Peace Prize.乔尔乔亚，莱昂·维克托·奥古斯特：(1851-1925) 法国政治家，海牙常设仲裁法院成员（1903-1925年），协助起草国际联盟盟约（1919年）。获1920年诺贝尔和平奖 |
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