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释义 | 〔sneak〕Snuck is an Americanism first introduced in the 19th century as a nonstandard regional variant ofsneaked. But widespread use ofsnuck has become more common with every generation. It is now used by educated speakers in all regions,and there is some evidence to suggest that it is more frequent among younger speakers thansneaked is. Formal written English is naturally and properly more conservative than other varieties, of course,and heresnuck still meets with much resistance. Many writers and editors have a lingering unease about the form,particularly if they recall its nonstandard origins.In fact, our consolidated citations, exhibiting almost 10,000 instances ofsneaked and snuck, indicate thatsneaked is preferred by a factor of 7 to 2. And 67 percent of the Usage Panel disapproves ofsnuck. Nevertheless, in recent yearssnuck has been quietly establishing itself in formal writing. An electronic search of a wide range of reputable publications turns up hundreds of citations forsnuck, not just in sports writingbut in news columns and commentary: Snuck 是一个美国独创词, 19世纪作为sneaked 的不标准的地方变体被首次引入。 在每一代,snuck 这个词都得到了广泛应用。 现在,任何地区受过教育的人都使用它,而且证据显示在年轻的使用者中,它比sneaked 更加常用。 当然,正式的文字英语自然要比其它语体保守一些,在这里,snuck 一词还是受到了排挤。 许多作家和编辑对这个词的形式有一种长久的反感,特别是联系到它不标准的起源。实际上,在我们反复验证过的显示约一万个使用sneaked 和 snuck 的引文中, 表明sneaked 受到青睐的程度为七比二。 用法专题使用小组成员中百分之六十七的人的反对snuck 一词。 但是,最近几年,snuck 在正式文体中也悄悄确立了它的地位。 对一系列著名出版物的电子扫描调查显示出几百处使用snuck 的地方, 而且不光是在体育文章中,在新闻专栏和评论中也有使用: 〔if〕With all deference to the traditional rules governing the use of the subjunctive,it should be noted that a survey of the prose of reputable writers over the past 200 years would reveal a persistent tendency to use the indicativewas where the traditional rule would require the subjunctive were. A sentence beginningIf I was the only boy in the world, while not strictly correct, is wholly unremarkable. But the corresponding practice of using the subjunctive in place of the indicative may be labeled a hypercorrection. ·In spoken Englishthere is a growing tendency to usewould have in place of the subjunctive in contrary-to-fact clauses, as inif I would have been the President, but this usage is still widely considered incorrect.See Usage Note at doubt ,should ,wish 在与指导虚拟语气使用方法的传统规则相冲突的一系列不同用法中,我们应注意到一项对过去200年散文作家的调查显示,在传统语法要求使用虚拟式的were 的情况下,有一种持久的使用直陈式 was 的趋势。 一句用假如我是世界上唯一的男孩 开头的句子不会引起人们的注意。 而一定要把其中的直陈式换成虚拟式就显得矫正过了头。在英语口语中,在与事实相反的从句中,使用would have 一词的趋势有所增加, 例如如果我会是总统, 但这种用法仍然被大多数人认为是不正确的 参见 doubt,should,wish |
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