| 单词 | 谋杀 |
| 释义 | 〔Nero〕Emperor of Rome (54-68) whose early reign was dominated by his mother, Agrippina the Younger. He had his mother and wife murdered, and he may have set the Great Fire of Rome (64). His cruelty and irresponsibility provoked widespread revolts, which led to his suicide.尼禄：罗马皇帝(54-68年），他早期的统治由其母阿格丽皮娜操纵，他谋杀了其母亲和妻子。64年的罗马大火可能是他操纵的。他的残酷与渎职引发了广泛的暴动致使他自杀身亡〔Catesby〕English conspirator who along with Guy Fawkes was involved in the Gunpowder Plot (1604-1605) to assassinate James I. He was killed resisting arrest.盖茨比，罗伯特：(1573-1605) 英国反叛者，与盖·弗克斯一起卷入谋杀詹姆斯一世的火药阴谋（1604-1605年）。他在拒捕时被杀〔pollute〕"Churches and altars were polluted by atrocious murders"(Edward Gibbon)“教堂和圣坛被凶残的谋杀亵渎了”(爱德华·吉本)〔Lee〕American writer. Her novelTo Kill a Mockingbird (1960), dealing with racial injustice in the South, won a Pulitzer Prize. 李，（内勒）哈珀：(生于 1926) 美国作家。他的小说《谋杀知更鸟》 （1960年），揭露南方种族不平等，获普利策奖 〔ghastly〕a gruesome murder;一桩可怕的谋杀；〔murder〕The unlawful killing of one human being by another, especially with premeditated malice.谋杀：一个人对另一个的非法杀害，尤指有预谋的〔Deirdre〕A legendary princess of Ulster who eloped with her lover, Naoise, to escape marriage to King Conchobar. After the king murdered Naoise, she killed herself.狄德丽：爱尔兰传说中乌尔斯特的公主，她为逃避与康乔巴国王结婚，与情人纳奥伊斯私奔。国王谋杀了纳奥伊斯之后，狄德丽自尽而死〔Hypatia〕Neo-Platonist philosopher, mathematician, and astronomer who lived and taught in Alexandria. Her prominence and adherence to pagan scholasticism led to her being murdered by a Christian mob.海帕希亚：在亚历山大居住及教学的新柏拉图派哲学家、数学家、及天文学家。她对异教经院哲学的卓越成就及信奉使她遭基督教暴民谋杀〔alleged〕Analleged burglar is someone who has been accused of being a burglar but against whom no charges have been proved. Analleged incident is an event that is said to have taken place but has not yet been verified. In their zeal to protect the rights of the accused,newspapers and law enforcement officials sometimes misusealleged. A man arrested for murder may be only analleged murderer, for example, but he is a real, not analleged, suspect in that his status as a suspect is not in doubt. Similarly, if the money from a safe is known to have been stolen and not merely mislaid,then we may safely speak of a theft without having to qualify our description withalleged. 一个alleged（有嫌疑的） 强盗是指被指控为强盗但并未得到证实的人。 alleged（据称的） 的事件是一件据说发生过但还未被证实的事。 出于保护被指控者权力的热情，报界和执法官员有时误用alleged 这个词。 比如说，一个因谋杀而被捕的人，可能只是个alleged（有嫌疑的） 谋杀犯， 但当他是真正的而不是alleged（据称的） 嫌疑犯时，那么他身为嫌疑犯的处境就是毫无疑问的。 与此相似，如果放在保险箱里的钱已知是被人偷走而不仅仅是放错了，那么我们应该可以毫不犹豫地把它说成盗窃案而不用加alleged 这个词来限定我们的描述 〔Smith〕American religious leader. He founded (1830) the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and led his congregation westward from New York State to western Illinois, where he was murdered by an anti-Mormon mob.史密斯，约瑟夫：(1805-1844) 美国宗教领袖。1830年他创建了“耶稣基督末世圣徒教会”，并率领他的教民从纽约州向西迁往伊利诺斯州西部，在那里他被反摩门教的暴民谋杀〔Clytemnestra〕The wife of Agamemnon who, with the assistance of her lover Aegisthus, murdered him on his return from the Trojan War and was later murdered by her son Orestes.克莱登妮丝特拉：亚格门农的妻子，在情人埃癸斯托斯的帮助下，在其从特洛伊战争返回中将其谋杀，之后她自己也为其子奥瑞提斯所杀〔Caesar〕Roman general, statesman, and historian who invaded Britain (55), crushed the army of his political enemy Pompey (48), pursued other enemies to Egypt, where he installed Cleopatra as queen (47), returned to Rome, and was given a mandate by the people to rule as dictator for life (45). On March 15 of the following year he was murdered by a group of republicans led by Cassius and Brutus, who feared he intended to establish a monarchy ruled by himself.凯撒，尤利乌斯：(100-44) 罗马将军、政治家、历史学家，他入侵了大不列颠王国（55年）并征服了他的政敌庞培的军队（48年），又追击其它敌人至埃及，他在此立克娄巴特拉为女王（47年），返回罗马后，被罗马人民授予终身一人统治的权力（45年）。次年3月15日，他被卡西乌和布鲁图斯领导的一群共和主义者谋杀身亡，这些人担心他图谋建立由他个人统治的君主制政权〔murderous〕Characteristic of or giving rise to murder or bloodshed:行凶用的：导致谋杀或者杀戮的或以之为特征的：〔felony〕One of several grave crimes, such as murder, rape, or burglary, punishable by a more stringent sentence than that given for a misdemeanor.重罪，大罪：如谋杀、强奸或抢劫等该处以比轻罪更严厉的惩罚的严重罪行〔Agrippina〕Roman empress. She murdered her husband, the emperor Claudius, so that her son by a previous marriage, Nero, would become emperor. Nero, distrusting his mother, had her murdered.阿格丽品娜：罗马皇后。她谋杀了丈夫克劳狄皇帝，以便使她与前夫所生之子尼禄能成为皇帝。尼禄因为不信任她而将其杀害〔Jehu〕Israeli king who, according to the Old Testament, slew Ahab, Jezebel, and the prophets of Baal. He is proverbially known for his swift chariot driving.耶户：《圣经·旧约》中的以色列国王，他谋杀了亚哈、耶希别和太阳神的先知们。以快速驾驶战车而闻名〔ghastly〕a ghastly murder.一场恐怖的谋杀〔internecine〕In the first edition of theAmerican Heritage Dictionary 91 percent of the Usage Panel approved the use ofinternecine relating to internal struggle within a nation or organization that did not necessarily imply fatal or destructive conflict.The objection that had been overcome for most of the Panel was thatinternecine should imply such destruction because it came from the Latin wordinternecīnus, a variant ofinternecīvus, "fought to the death, murderous,” ultimately derived fromnecāre, "to kill.” Inter- in this compound is simply an intensive, supplying the notion of "all the way to" in the sense "fought to the death.”Internecine in English, first recorded in 1663, indeed meant "deadly, destructive,”but Samuel Johnson, inserting the word in his dictionary of 1755,thought thatinter- meant "mutual" and so defined it as "endeavoring mutual destruction.”This definition set the word incorrectly on its present course,and wheninternecine was further extended simply to mean "relating to internal struggle,” the original error was compounded.However, the point is that the meaning of words can be changed by mistakes and that mistaken meanings adhere to words.Only an occasional etymologist points out that the emperor's new clothes are patched.在美国经典辞书 第一版中， 百分之九十一的用法专题使用小组成员赞同internecine 与一个国家或组织内部的斗争有关， 但并不一定是致命的或有破坏性的冲突。为大多数小组成员说服的反对意见为internecine 应该暗指这种破坏， 因为它来源于拉丁词internecinus ， 是internecivus 的变体，意为“战至死亡的，谋杀的”， 它最终来源于意为“杀害”的necare 。 在这个复合词中inter- 只是简单的一个强调成分， 在“战至死亡的”这个意义上加上“一直”这个概念。在英语中internecine 最早记载于1663年， 确实意味着“致死的，破坏性的”，但是塞缪尔·约翰逊在其1755年的字典中插入此词，认为inter- 意为“共同的”， 并且将它定义为“竭力造成共同破坏的”。这个定义造成此词今日用法的不准确，而且当internecine 更进一步被简单地引申为“关于内部斗争的”时， 其起源的错误就加重了。但是，重要的是词的意思被错误改变并且为错误意思所追随。只有偶尔的一个词源学家指出“皇帝的新衣服打满补丁”〔Cain〕In the Old Testament, the eldest son of Adam and Eve, who murdered his brother Abel out of jealousy and was condemned to be a fugitive.该隐：在旧约全书中，是亚当和夏娃的长子，他出于忌妒而谋杀了他的弟弟亚伯并作为逃犯而被判罪〔Lumumba〕First prime minister (1960-1961) of the Congo (now Zaire). He was ousted and murdered in 1961 by secessionists from Shaba.卢蒙巴，帕特里斯·埃默基：(1925-1961) 刚果（现在的扎伊尔）的第一任总理(1960-1961年），1961年被沙拜分裂分子驱逐并谋杀〔contract〕put out a contract on the mobster's life.为谋杀此盗匪而定约〔bloodguilt〕The fact or state of being guilty of murder or bloodshed.杀人罪：犯谋杀或屠杀罪行的事实或状况〔pin〕The murder was pinned on the wrong defendant.被告被错误地定了谋杀之罪〔fear〕Murder arouses widespread horror.谋杀引起了广泛的恐惧。〔Bothwell〕Scottish Protestant nobleman and third husband of Mary Queen of Scots, whose second husband, Lord Darnley, he murdered (1567). Acquitted of the crime, he wedded Mary and was soon forced into exile. He died while imprisoned in Denmark.波斯维尔：苏格兰新教贵族和苏格兰女王玛丽的第三任丈夫，他谋杀了玛丽的第二任丈夫达因利勋爵（1567年）。无罪开释后，他与玛丽结婚后不久被流放，在丹麦死于监狱中〔outrageous〕Murder is an atrocious crime.谋杀是一种残忍的犯罪活动。〔fatal〕Lethal refers to a sure agent of death that may have been created solely for the purpose of killing: Lethal 指确定的死亡原因，有可能是为谋杀而策划的： 〔contract〕A paid assignment to murder someone:约定：一种为谋杀他人而制定的有偿协议：〔bloody〕a gory murder;血淋淋的谋杀；〔faithless〕the victim of a perfidious murder.一次卑鄙谋杀的受害者。〔Becket〕English Roman Catholic martyr. Chancellor to Henry II after 1154, he was appointed archbishop of Canterbury (1162) and fell into disfavor with the king. Charged with misappropriating crown funds (1164), Becket fled the country. Upon his return (1170) he was embroiled in the controversy surrounding Henry's appointment of his son as archbishop of York and was murdered by four knights in Canterbury Cathedral. He was canonized in 1173.贝克特，托马斯：(1118?-1170) 英国的罗马天主教殉教者。1154年后任亨利二世的主教管区秘书室教士，他被指派为坎特伯雷大主教（1162年）并失宠于国王。由于侵占国王基金被起诉（1164年），贝克特逃离这个国家。他刚一回来（1170年）就被卷入亨利指定他的儿子为约克大主教的争论中，并在坎特伯雷大教堂里被四个爵士谋杀。1173年他被认可为圣徒〔parricide〕One who commits such a murder.弑亲者：从事这种谋杀的人〔Gratian〕Emperor of Rome (367-383) who ruled jointly (from 379) with Theodosius I. Unpopular for his persecution of pagans and heretics and his weakness for frivolity, he was murdered by followers of the usurper Maximus (died 383).格拉提安：罗马皇帝（367-383年），与狄奥多西一世联合统治（从379年开始）。因其对异教徒和持异议者的迫害和对琐事的嗜好而不得人心，后为篡权者马克西姆斯的支持者谋杀（死于383年）〔parricide〕The murdering of one's father, mother, or other near relative.弑亲：谋杀父亲、母亲或其他近亲〔subterranean〕subterranean motives for murder.进行谋杀的秘密动机〔Bonney〕American outlaw who murdered 21 men and was shot dead by Sheriff Pat Garrett (1850-1908).邦雷，威廉H.：(1859-1881) 美国罪犯，曾谋杀21人并被县治安官帕特·加莱特(1850-1908年）击毙 |
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