| 单词 | 费城 |
| 释义 | 〔Harrisburg〕The capital of Pennsylvania, in the southeast-central part of the state west-northwest of Philadelphia. Settled in the early 1700's as Harris' Ferry, it was renamed in 1785 and became the capital in 1812. Population, 52,376.哈里斯堡：位于美国费城西北偏西、宾夕法尼亚州中部偏东南的该州首府，于17世纪早期建成并起名为哈里斯渡口，后于1785年更名，1812年成为宾州首府。人口52,376〔Easton〕A city of eastern Pennsylvania north of Philadelphia. Founded in 1751, it was formerly a coal-receiving port. Population, 26,276.伊斯顿：美国宾夕法尼亚东部一城市，位于费城北部。建立于1751年，曾是煤的输入港口。人口26,276〔hex〕The wordhex is a good example of the sort of borrowing into English from other languages that occurred in the English-speaking former colonies of Great Britain. German and Swiss immigrants who settled in Pennsylvania in the late 17th and 18th centuries spoke a dialect of German known as Pennsylvania Dutch.In this dialecthexe was the equivalent of the German verb hexen, "to practice sorcery.” Our verbhex, first recorded in the sense "to practice witchcraft" in an 1830 work called Annals of Philadelphia, is borrowed from Pennsylvania Dutch, as is our noun.单词hex 是从英帝国讲英语的前殖民地的其它语言中借用到英语中来的一个很好的例子。 17世纪晚期和18世纪，在美国宾夕法尼亚定居的德裔及瑞士移民讲一种称为宾夕法尼亚荷兰语的德语方言。在这种方言中，hexe 相当于德语动词 hexen ，意为“施魔术”。 我们用的动词hex 的最早记录出现在1830年一部名为 费城年鉴 的作品中，意为“施魔术”。 该词是从宾夕法尼亚荷兰语中借用来的，名词也是同样从该方言中借来的〔Pennsauken〕A community of southwest New Jersey, an industrial and residential suburb of Camden and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Population, 34,733.彭索金：美国新泽西州西南一社区，是宾夕法尼亚州的卡姆登和费城的城郊居住区和工业区。人口34,733〔Stokowski〕British-born American conductor of the Philadelphia Orchestra (1914-1936) and other major symphonies. He founded the American Symphony Orchestra in 1962.斯托科夫斯基，利奥波德·安东尼·斯坦尼斯瓦夫：(1882-1977) 英裔美国乐曲指挥家，曾指挥费城管弦乐队(1914-1936年）和其它主要交响乐团。他于1962年创建了美国交响管弦乐队〔via〕went to Pittsburgh via Philadelphia.经过费城到匹兹堡〔line〕the Philadelphia-Trenton line.从费城至特兰顿的铁路线〔Foxx〕American baseball player. In 20 seasons, mainly with the Philadelphia Athletics (1925-1935) and the Boston Red Sox (1936-1941), he hit 30 or more home runs and drove in 100 or more runs 12 years in a row. He was the American League's most valuable player three times.福克斯，詹姆斯·恩莫利：美国棒球选手。在20个赛季中，他的主要为费城体育队和波士顿红袜队效力（1936-1941年），在连续12年内，他每年击出30支或30支以上的全垒打以及100个或100个以上的打点。他三次成为国家棒球联盟的最有价值球员〔Allentown〕A city of eastern Pennsylvania north-northwest of Philadelphia. Founded in 1762, the city is an industrial and commercial center. Population, 105,090.阿伦敦：美国宾夕法尼亚州东部，费城西北偏北部一城市，建于1762年，是一个工业和商业中心，人口105,090人〔Mack〕American baseball player and manager (1901-1951) of the Philadelphia Athletics, which he led to nine American League pennants and five World Series championships between 1902 and 1930.马克，康涅：(1862-1956) 美国棒球运动员和费城队负责人(1901-1951年）。在1902年至1930年间，他带领费城运动员队九次获得美国棒球联盟赛冠军，五次获得世界棒球职业锦标赛冠军〔mean〕Philadelphia is the city of brotherly love;费城是个代表兄弟之爱的城市；〔Schuylkill〕A river, about 209 km (130 mi) long, of southeast Pennsylvania flowing generally southeast to the Delaware River at Philadelphia.斯古吉尔河：美国宾夕法尼亚东南部一河流，流程约209公里（130英里），大致向东南注入费城的特拉华河〔York〕A city of southern Pennsylvania south-southeast of Harrisburg. Settled in 1735, it was the meeting place of the Continental Congress in 1777-1778 during the British occupation of Philadelphia. Population, 42,192.约克：美国宾夕法尼亚州南部一城市，位于哈里斯堡东南偏南，建于1735年，在英国占领费城期间，曾是1777年至1778年大陆会议的会址。人口42,192〔Bridgeton〕A city of southwest New Jersey near the mouth of the Delaware River south of Philadelphia. Settled by Quakers c. 1686, it is now highly industrialized. Population, 18,942.布里奇敦：美国新泽西州西南部一城市，位于费城以南的特拉华河河口附近。1686年魁克人在此定居，如今已高度工业化。人口18,942〔Chester〕A city of southeast Pennsylvania on the Delaware River, an industrial suburb of Philadelphia. Established as Upland, it was the site of William Penn's first landing in America (1682) and is the oldest city in the state. Population, 41,856.切斯特：美国宾夕法尼亚州东南部城市，位于费城郊区处特拉华河上。确认为高原区，是威廉·佩思于1682年首次在美洲登陆的旧址，也是州内最古老的城市。人口41,856〔Erving〕American basketball player. A forward for the Philadelphia 76ers (1976-1987), he was known for his electrifying dunk shot and consistent all-around play.欧文，尤里乌斯·温菲尔德：(生于 1950) 美国篮球运动员，费城七十六人队前锋（1976-1987年），以其掼篮动作和投球的协调性而广为人知〔Broomall〕A community of southeast Pennsylvania, a suburb of Philadelphia. Population, 23,642.布鲁莫尔：美国宾夕法尼亚州东南部一社区，费城的一个郊区。人口23,642〔Parrish〕American philanthropist who founded (1795) the Philadelphia House of Industry, the first charitable institution for women in the United States.帕里什，安妮：(1760-1800) 美国慈善家，于1795年创立了费城工业大厦，这是美国历史上第一个为妇女设立的慈善机构〔Wilmington〕A city of northeast Delaware on the Delaware River southwest of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was founded as Fort Christina by Swedish settlers in 1638 and held by the Dutch from 1655 until 1664, when it was taken by the English. The name Wilmington dates from 1739. E.I. Du Pont established a powder mill nearby in 1802. The city is now a port of entry and manufacturing center with an extensive chemical industry. It is also the largest city in the state. Population, 71,529.威尔明顿：美国特拉华东北部城市，位于宾夕法尼亚州费城西南、特拉华河上。1638年瑞典开拓者建立它作为基督教据点，从1655年到1664年一直由荷兰人占据，1664年由英国占领。威尔明顿这个名字可追溯到1739年。E.I杜邦1802年在附近建了一个炸药厂。这个城市现在是进口港和一个拥有雄厚的化学工业的制造中心，也是特拉华州的最大城市。人口71,529〔Philadelphia〕The largest city of Pennsylvania, in the southeast part of the state on the Delaware River. It was founded as a Quaker colony by William Penn in 1681 on the site of an earlier Swedish settlement. The First and Second Continental Congresses (1774 and 1775-1776) and the Constitutional Convention (1787) met in the city, which served as the capital of the United States from 1790 to 1800. Population, 1,585,577.费城：美国宾夕法尼亚州最大的城市，位于该州东南部、特拉华河上沿岸。它由威廉·彭于1681年在原瑞典领地上建立起来。第一和第二次大陆会议(1774和1775-1776年）和制宪会议(1787年）均在该城市召开，从1790年到1800年曾作为美国的首都。人口1,585,577〔Trenton〕The capital of New Jersey, in the west-central part of the state on the Delaware River northeast of Philadelphia. Settled c. 1679 by Quakers, it was the site of a pivotal battle in the American Revolution in which George Washington's troops captured a Hessian encampment in a surprise attack (December 26, 1776). Population, 88,675.塔伦顿：美国新泽西州的首府，位于该州中西部的特拉华河沿岸，费城的东北方。在1679年左右由贵格教徒建立，美国独立战争期间一场关键性的战斗在此进行，乔治·华盛顿的部队在一次突然袭击中攻占了一个黑人雇佣兵的营地（1776年12月26日）。人口88,675〔Lansdale〕A borough of southeast Pennsylvania north of Philadelphia. It has varied industries. Population, 16,362.兰斯黛尔：费城北部一个自治城镇，位于宾夕法尼亚州东南部。拥有多种工业。16,362〔Lancaster〕A city of southeast Pennsylvania west of Philadelphia. A trade center in a rich farming region, it was settled by German Mennonites c. 1709 and was the meeting place of the Continental Congress in 1777. Population, 55,551.兰开斯特：美国宾夕法尼亚州东南部一座城市，位于费城西部。作为一个富饶农业区的贸易中心，它是由德国门诺派教徒在约1709年建成的，它还是1777年大陆会议的会场所在地。人口55,551〔Amman〕The capital and largest city of Jordan, in the north-central part of the country. Occupying a site inhabited since prehistoric times, the city was known as Philadelphia while the Romans and Byzantines controlled it. Population, 777,500.安曼：约旦首都和全国最大城市，位于该国的中北部。这个地方史前时代就有人居住，罗马和拜占庭统治时期称为费拉德尔菲亚（费城），人口777,500〔Schmidt〕American baseball player. In 17 seasons with the Philadelphia Phillies (1972-1989), Schmidt hit 548 home runs and was the National League's most valuable player three times (1980, 1981, and 1986).施密特，麦克·杰克：美国棒球选手。在为费城费城人队效力的17个赛季中（1972年-1989年），施密特共打出548支全垒打并三次成为国家棒球联盟的最有价值球员（1980年、1981年、1986年）〔Camden〕A city of western New Jersey on the Delaware River opposite Philadelphia. Walt Whitman lived here from 1873 to 1892. Population, 87,492.卡姆登：美国新泽西州西部的一座城市，靠近特拉华河与费城相对。沃特·惠特曼曾于1873年至1892年在此居住。人口87,492〔Reading〕A city of southeast Pennsylvania on the Schuykill River northwest of Philadelphia. Settled in 1748, it is an important commercial, industrial, and transportation center. Population, 78,380.里丁市：宾夕法尼亚州东南中的一座城市，位于费城西北面的斯凯基尔河上。1748年有人定居于此，是一个重要的商业、工业和交通中心。人口78,380〔Bethlehem〕A city of eastern Pennsylvania on the Lehigh River north-northwest of Philadelphia. It is an important steel-producing center. Population, 71,428.伯利恒：美国宾夕法尼亚州东部一城市，位于费城西北偏北的利哈伊河畔。是一个重要的钢铁生产中心。人口71,428〔Norristown〕A borough of southeast Pennsylvania on the Schuylkill River northwest of Philadelphia. Settled in the early 1700's, it is a trade and manufacturing center. Population, 30,749.诺里斯敦：美国费城西北斯库尔克尔河上宾夕法尼亚州东南的自治镇，建于18世纪早期，是商业和制造业中心。人口30,749〔Brandywine〕A creek of southeast Pennsylvania and northern Delaware. It was the site of a major defeat of the Continental Army on September 11, 1777, thus allowing British troops to enter Philadelphia on September 27.布兰迪维因：美国宾夕法尼亚东南部的一条小溪，位于特拉华北部。1777年9月11日殖民地军队大败于此，这使英军于9月27日得以进入费城〔Pennsylvania〕A state of the eastern United States. It was admitted as one of the original Thirteen Colonies in 1787. First explored in the early 1600's, the region was settled by Swedes in 1634 and granted by royal charter to William Penn in 1681. The Mason-Dixon Line (surveyed in 1763-1767) established the colony's southern boundary and was extended westward in 1784. Pennsylvania played a crucial role in the American Revolution and in the formation of the new republic. Harrisburg is the capital and Philadelphia the largest city. Population, 11,924,710.宾夕法尼亚州：美国东部的一个州，1787年成为东部十三州殖民地之一，16世纪早期首次被探险，瑞典人于1634年在此定居并于1681年经皇家宪章批准归属彭·威廉。梅森-狄克森线(1763-1767年间勘定）为这一殖民地建立了南界，并于1784年向西扩延。宾夕法尼亚州在美国独立战争及新共和国成立中起重要作用，首府为哈里斯堡，最大城市是费城。人口11,924,710〔Levittown〕A community of southeast Pennsylvania near the Delaware River northeast of Philadelphia. Population, 55,362.莱维敦：美国宾夕法尼亚州东南部的一个社区，位于费城东北特拉华河附近。人口55,362〔Hofmann〕Polish-born American pianist and composer who helped found the Curtis Institute in Philadelphia (1924).霍夫曼，约瑟夫·卡齐米日：(1876-1957) 波兰裔美国钢琴家和作曲家，帮助创立了费城的柯蒂斯学院（1924年）〔Ormandy〕Hungarian-born American conductor who directed the Philadelphia Orchestra from 1938 to 1980.奥曼蒂，尤金：(1899-1985) 匈牙利出生的美国指挥家，曾于1938年到1980年指挥费城交响乐团〔Bond〕American physician who founded in Philadelphia the first hospital in America (1752).邦德，托马斯：(1712-1784) 美国医生，他于1752年在费城建立了美国第一家医院〔Glenside〕A community of southeast Pennsylvania, a manufacturing suburb of Philadelphia. Population, 17,400.格伦赛德：宾夕法尼亚州东南一社区，费城一制造业郊区。人口17,400〔submarine〕The long sandwich featuring layers of meat and cheese on a crusty Italian roll goes by a variety of names.Submarine, sub, and hero are widespread terms, not assignable to any particular region.Most of the localized terms are clustered in the northeast United States,where the greatest numbers of Italian Americans live.Jane Stern, having studied the great variety of American names for this sandwich, finds that upstate New Yorkers call it abomber, while speakers downstate refer to awedge. In the Delaware Valley,including Philadelphia and southern New Jersey,the sandwich is called ahoagie. In Italian restaurants in New England the menu is likely to include agrinder. Speakers in Miami use the nameCuban sandwich and in Maine,Italian sandwich, but in the southern Midwest, according to Stern, the nameItalian is common, with both Italian and Italian sandwich recapturing the authentic nationality of the sandwich. In New Orleansthe same sandwich is called apoor boy and is likely to be offered in a most un-Italian version featuring fried oysters.在意大利长圆面包上放上几层肉和干酪而做成的长三明治，已有好几个名称。Submarine，sub 以及 hero 是使用最为广泛的名称， 而并非哪个地区的专用。这种三明治的大多数地方性名称集中于美国东北部地区，那里是居住意裔美国人最多的地方。简·斯特恩在对这种三明治的各种美国名称进行研究后发现，纽约州北部的居民称之为bomber（轰炸机） ， 而纽约州南部的居民称之为wedge（楔形物） 。 在特拉华河谷，包括费城和新泽西南部，这种三明治叫做hoagie 。 在新英格兰的意大利饭馆的菜单上，它称为grinder 。 迈阿密人则使用古巴三明治 这个名称， 而缅因州人使用意大利三明治 这个名称。 依据斯特恩的研究，在中西部的南部，人们普遍使用Italian（意大利式） 这一名称，或者就叫它 意大利式 ，或者称之为 意大利三明治 。这两个名称都反映了该三明治的原产国。 在新奥尔良，相同的三明治又叫做可怜的男孩 ， 而其做法绝对是非意大利式的，因为当中夹有牡蛎 |
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