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| 释义 | 〔Chickasaw〕A Native American people formerly inhabiting northeast Mississippi and northwest Alabama, now located in south-central Oklahoma. The Chickasaw were removed to Indian Territory in the 1830's.奇克索部落：一支美洲土著部落，最初居住在美国密西西比州东北部和阿拉巴马州西北部，现在分布在俄克拉荷马州中南部。19世纪30年代奇克索人曾被赶到印第安纳州〔transhumance〕Transfer of livestock from one grazing ground to another, as from lowlands to highlands, with the changing of seasons.迁徙：随着季节的变化将牲畜从一块牧场赶到另外一块牧场，如从低地移到高地〔round〕To herd (cattle) together from various places.赶拢：把（牛群）从不同的地方赶到一块儿〔pasture〕To herd (animals) into a pasture to graze.放牧：把（牲畜）赶到牧场吃草〔mill〕Tomill, in Western U.S. English, means "to halt a cattle stampede by turning the lead animals.”In theOxford English Dictionary we find this 19th-century example of the verb: "At last the cattle ran with less energy, and it was presently easy to ‘mill’ them into a circle and to turn them where it seemed most desirable" (Munsey's Magazine).This usage ofmill comes from the resemblance of the cattle's circular motion to the action of millstones. A related intransitive sense of the verb is better known in Standard English: A crowd milled around in the street. Originally this sense ofmill also meant "circular motion"; now it means "to move around in churning confusion"with no pattern in particular.Mill 这个词在美国西部所说的英语中， 意为“通过让领头牲畜绕圈子跑来制止牛群的惊跑”。在牛津英语词典 中， 我们可以找到该动词19世纪用法的例子： “最后牛群终于跑得快没劲儿了，这时候可以容易地驱赶头牛，把其它牛绕进圈子里，然后把它们赶到最合适的地方去” （芒西杂志）。Mill 的这种用法来自牛群绕圈跑与磨石运作的相似之处。 该词作不及物动词时所具有的与此相关的意义在标准英语中更为常见： 一群人在大街上兜圈子。 Mill 的这一含义本来亦指“旋转运动”； 现在它指“在旋涡般的混乱中到处移动”，不再有其它特指〔range〕To turn (livestock) onto an extensive area of open land for grazing.放牧：把（牲畜）赶到一片广袤地区以便更好地喂养〔reach〕reached shelter before the storm broke;在风暴来临前赶到遮雨处；〔surround〕A method of hunting wild animals by surrounding them and driving them to a place from which they cannot escape.围猎：一种猎取野兽的方法，即围住它们并把它们赶到一个无法逃离的地方〔snag〕"We violate all speed limits . . . to catch the opening of the annual paddlefish snagging season"(John Hoey)“为了能赶到每年的白鲟捕捞季节开幕式，我们开车违反了所有的车速限制”(约翰·霍伊)〔pasture〕To herd (grazing animals) into pasturable land.放牧：把（草食动物）赶到作牧场的土地上去放牧 |
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