| 单词 | 较少 |
| 释义 | 〔partitive〕A partitive word, such asmany or less. 部分格的词，如许多 或 较少 〔less〕Not as great in amount or quantity:（数量上）较少的：在数或量上不大的：〔liquid〕The state of matter in which a substance exhibits a characteristic readiness to flow, little or no tendency to disperse, and relatively high incompressibility.液态：物质的一种状态，指物质表现出易于流动，较少或没有分散的倾向以及相对较高的不可压缩性等特征〔suboxide〕An oxide containing a relatively small amount of oxygen.低价氧化物：含氧量相对较少的氧化物〔shrivel〕To become or make much less or smaller; dwindle.变小：变成或变得较少或更小；缩小〔deceive〕Bamboozle less formally means to delude by the use of such tactics as hoaxing, befuddling, or artful persuasion: Bamboozle 指通过戏弄的，令人迷惑的，或狡猾的劝服进行欺骗，较少用于正式场合： 〔consume〕engines that consume less fuel; a project that consumed most of my time and energy.耗油较少的发动机；耗尽我大部分时间和精力的计划〔minus〕from Latin minus [comparative of] minor [less] * see mei- 2源自 拉丁语 minus minor的比较级 [较少的] * 参见 mei- 2〔minimal〕Etymologically,minimal is properly used to refer to the smallest possible amount, as inThe amplifier reduces distortion to the minimal level that can be obtained with present technologies. In recent years, however,the word has come to be used to refer simply to a small amount,as inIf you would just put in a minimal amount of time on your homework, I am sure your grades would improve. Critics have often objected to this extension,but it appears to be well established.To determine the acceptability of the newer use,we presented the Usage Panel with the sentence 从词源学上来说，minimal 应被正确地用来指最小的可能数量， 如在这台扩大器能将失真减至为当前技术水平所有达到的最低限度内 。 但是近几年来，此词已被用来表示一个较少的数量，如在假如你在家庭作业上花上一点时间的话，我敢肯定你的成绩会变好的 一句中。 批评家们经常反对这种延伸，但这似乎已被广泛接受。为确定这种较新用法的被接受程度，我们以下句进行了用法调查 〔unruly〕"Fox, as the less proud and intractable of the refractory pair, was preferred" (Macaulay).“福克斯是这两个脾气倔强人中较少傲气和较为容易控制的一个，因此被看中了” （麦考利）。〔minority〕The smaller in number of two groups forming a whole.少数派：在组成一个整体的两群体中数量上较少的一派〔minor〕Lesser or smaller in amount, extent, or size.较小的，较少的：在数量、规模或尺寸上较少或较小的〔less〕had less time to spend with the family.有较少时间和家人在一起〔lite〕Having less substance or weight or fewer calories than something else:轻，清淡：相比其他事物内容较少，重量较轻或卡路里含量较低：〔limited〕Abbr. ltd.,Ltd.,Ld.Of, relating to, or being transportation facilities, such as trains or buses, that make few stops and carry relatively few passengers.缩写 ltd.,Ltd.,Ld.直达的，乘客人数有限制的：较少停靠且相对来说搭载较少乘客的交通工具如火车或汽车的，与其有关的〔subindex〕pl. sub.in.dic.es or sub.in.dex.es An index of measurement based on relatively few variables, especially a trade index based on the performance of a particular group or type of stocks.【复数】 sub.in.dic.es 或 sub.in.dex.es 次指标：以相对较少的变量为根据的测量指标，尤指以某一群特定的人的销售成绩或股票的销售情况为根据的贸易指数〔if〕In such contexts, however,the use ofif can sometimes create ambiguities. Depending on the intended meaning, the sentenceLet her know if she is invited might be better paraphrased asLet her know whether she is invited or If she is invited, let her know. · In conditional sentences the clause introduced byif may contain either a past subjunctive verb (if I were going ) or an indicative verb ( if I am going; if I was going ), depending on the intended meaning.According to the traditional rule,the subjunctive should be used to describe an occurrence that is presupposed to be contrary to fact,as inif I were ten years younger or if Napoleon had won at Waterloo. The main verb of such a sentence must then contain the modal verbwould or (less frequently) should: 不过在这种情况下，用if 就可能会造成歧义。 Let her know if she is invited 这句话最好根据所要表达的意思， 分开说成告诉她她是否被邀请了 或 如果她被邀请了，就让她知道 两句话。 用if 引起的条件状语从句中， 可以含有一个过去式的虚拟动词(倘若我去 )或一个一般陈述动词( 如果我就去；如果我去了 )， 这得依据所要表达的意思而定。根据正统的原则，虚拟语气用来表达一个与事实相反的假设，例如如果我再年轻十岁 或者 如果拿破仑在滑铁卢战役中获胜。 于是在这样的句子里，主要动词必须包含情态动词会 或（在较少情况下） 应该： 〔make〕had to make do on less income.不得不用较少的收入来应付〔themed〕Their disapproval may stem from the inference that this adjectival participle must come from a verb "to theme,” rather than from the nountheme (as left-handed comes from the noun hand ). Although many common verbs, such as telephone, began their lives as nouns, there is often very strong resistance when a noun first begins to be used as a verb. There are indeed instances of theme being used as a verb, but they are relatively rare—a fact that seems to suit the Usage Panel. Ninety-two percent reject the sentence 他们不赞同的理由或许源自于此形容词themed应该自动词"to theme（设计主题）”而来，而不是从名词theme 而来（如 left-handed 源自名词 hand ）。虽然许多普通动词原本是名词，如 telephone ，但当名词开始当动词用时常会引起激烈反对。事实上像 theme 这样用作动词的例子相对较少——看来它较迎合用法专家小组。92%的小组成员反对此句型 〔Bolshevik〕The wordBolshevik, an emotionally charged term in English, is derived from a very common word in Russian,bol'she, "bigger, more,” the comparative form ofbol'shoĭ, "big.” The nameBol'shevik was given to the faction in the majority at the Second Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party in 1903 (the term is first recorded in English in 1907).The smaller faction was known asMen'sheviki, from men'she, "less, smaller,” the comparative ofmalyĭ, "little, few.” TheBol'sheviki, who sided with Lenin in the split that followed the Congress, subsequently became the Russian Communist Party.In 1952 the wordBol'shevik was dropped as an official term in the Soviet Union, but it had long since passed into other languages, including English.It had even spawned the slang termbolshie, though there is nomenshie. 单词Bolshevik 在英语中是带有感情色彩的单词， 来源于俄语中非常普通的词bol'she “较大的，较多的”， 是bol'shoi “大”的比较级形式。 Bol'shevik 这个名字是给予1903年俄国社会民主工人党第二次大会时的多数派的 （英语中最早记有该词是1907年）。少数派即著名的Men'sheviki 来源于 men'she， “较少，较小”， 是malyi “小，少”的比较级形式。 Bol'sheviki ，即讨论会后分裂时站在列宁一边的那些人， 后来成为俄国共产党。1952年，Bol'shevik 一词成为苏联的官方术语。 但它已传入包括英语的其他语言。它甚至衍生了一个俚语词bolshie， 尽管不存在menshie 〔wait〕For more than a hundred years critics have stigmatized the use ofwait on ( and somewhat less frequentlywait upon ) to mean roughly "await" or "wait for,”as inWe are still waiting on the committee vote. This use is so widespread in both educated speech and reputable writingthat the traditional objections have come to seem unnecessary.一百多年来评论家一直贬低wait on ( 有时也较少使用wait upon ) 作为“等待”或“等候”意义的用法，如在我们仍在等待委员会的投票。 这种用处在演讲和写作中用的是如此普遍，以至于原来的反对已经看起来不必要了〔number〕The number of skilled workers is small. 熟练工人数较少。 〔less〕To a smaller extent, degree, or frequency:较少地：范围、程度或频率更小地：〔efficient〕Acting or producing effectively with a minimum of waste, expense, or unnecessary effort.高效的：以较少的浪费、花消、或不必要的努力去做或生产〔besides〕In modern usage the senses "in addition to" and "except for" are conveyed more often bybesides than beside. Thus: 现代用法中，“除…之外”和“除了…外”的意思更常用besides 而较少用 beside 来表达： 〔lessen〕from lesse [less] * see less 源自 lesse [较少的，较小的] * 参见 less〔judge〕a critic who considers himself the supreme arbiter of literary taste. Less oftenarbiter is used interchangeably with arbitrator. Areferee is an attorney appointed by a court to make a determination of a case or to investigate and report on it ( 认为自己是文学鉴赏的最杰出评判者的批评家。 Arbiter 通常较少与 arbitrator 互换使用。 Referee 是法庭指定来对一个案件作决定或作调查汇报的律师( 〔rural〕 Rural applies to sparsely settled or agricultural country: Rural 指居住的人较少或农业乡村： 〔lest〕from lǣs [less] * see less 源自 lǣs [较少的，更小的] * 参见 less |
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