| 单词 | 过去时 |
| 释义 | 〔wreak〕Wreak is sometimes confused with wreck, perhaps because the wreaking of damage may leave a wreck:The storm wreaked (not wrecked ) havoc along the coast. The past tense and past participle ofwreak is wreaked, not wrought, which is an alternative past tense and past participle ofwork. Wreak 有时与 wreck 混淆， 可能是因为造成破坏可招致报复：The storm wreaked （不是 wrecked ) havoc along the coast（暴风雨给海岸带来灾难） 。 wreak 的过去时与过去分词为 wreaked, 不是 wrought, 它是work 的过去时和过去分词的另一种形式 〔syllable〕from sullabein [second aorist of] sullambanein [to combine in pronunciation] 源自 sullabein sullambanein的第二人称不定过去时 [把发音连起来] 〔might〕from Old English meahte, mihte [first and third person sing. past tense of] magan [to be able] * see may 1源自 古英语 meahte, mihte magan的第一和第三人称单数过去时 [能够] * 参见 may1〔dusty〕the dusty precepts of a bygone era.过去时代的枯燥戒律〔aorist〕A form of a verb in some languages, such as Classical Greek or Sanskrit, that in the indicative mood expresses past action.不定过去时：某些语言中动词的一种形式，如古希腊语或梵语，以直说法表示过去的动作〔proselyte〕from prosēluth- [aorist stem of] proserkhesthai [to go to] 源自 prosēluth- proserkhesthai的不定过去时词干 [去…] 〔quoth〕from Old English cwǣth [third person sing. past tense of] cwethan [to say] * see g wet- 源自 古英语 cwǣth cwethan的第三人称单数过去时 [说] * 参见 g wet- 〔strong〕Of or relating to those verbs in Germanic languages that form their past tense by a change in stem vowel, and their past participles by a change in stem vowel and sometimes by adding the suffix-(e)n, as sing, sang, sung or tear, tore, torn. 动词不规则变化的：属于或关于日耳曼语中动词变化的，通过词干中元音的变化形成过去时，过去分词通过词干元音的变化形成，有时通过加后缀-(e)n 形成，如 sing，sang，sung 或 tear，tore，torn 〔sleave〕from slāf [past tense of] slīfan [to split] 源自 slāf slīfan的过去时 [劈开] 〔ought〕from Old English āhte [past tense of] āgan [to possess] * see ēik- 源自 古英语 āhte āgan的过去时 [拥有] * 参见 ēik- 〔sigh〕probably back-formation from sighte [past tense of] siken [to sigh] 可能源自 sighte的逆成词 siken的过去时 [叹气] 〔must〕from Old English mōste [past tense of] mōtan [to be allowed] * see med- 源自 古英语 mōste mōtan的过去时 [被允许] * 参见 med- 〔aorist〕From Greek aoristos [indefinite, aorist tense] 源自 希腊语 aoristos [不定过去时] 〔hang〕Hanged, as a past tense and a past participle of hang, is used in the sense of "to put to death by hanging.”In the following examplehung would be unacceptable to a majority of the Usage Panel: Hanged 这个词作为 hang 这个词的过去时和过去分词， 它的意思是“被绞死”。在下面这个例子中，对绝大多数用法专题使用小组成员来说用hung 是不合适的，如 〔preterit〕Of, relating to, or being the verb tense that describes a past action or state.过去时的：描绘过去的动作或状态的动词时态的，和这种时态有关的〔dogma〕"The dogmas of the quiet past are inadequate to the stormy present"(Abraham Lincoln)“平静的过去时代的那些信条，不适用于暴风骤雨式的现代社会了”(亚伯拉罕·林肯)〔aoristic〕Of or being the verbal aspect that expresses a momentary or completed action, especially in past time.不定过去时的，不定过去式的：动词体的或是动词体的，表示短暂动作或已完成动作的，尤指过去时间内〔use〕Used in the past tense followed byto in order to indicate a former state, habitual practice, or custom: 用于过去时，后接to （不定式），表示过去的状态，习惯做法或习俗： 〔cayuse〕The nouncayuse comes from the name of the Cayuse people in the Pacific Northwest. Cayuse is used chiefly in the territory of the word's origin—the states of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho—although its use has also spread into other Western states. A verb meaning "to buck,” derived from the noun,is cited by Ramon F. Adams inOld-Time Cowhand (1961): "What cowboys in other sections calledbuckin', the Texan called pitchin', and a term used in South Texas, though seldom heard in other sections, wascayusein'. ” 名词cayuse 源自太平洋西北部卡尤塞人的名字。 Cayuse 一词主要在该词的起源地区——华盛顿州、俄勒冈州和衣阿华州使用——尽管它也被其它一些西部州使用。 从名词引申的动词意为“碰撞”，被拉门·F·亚当斯在过去时代的牛仔 （1961年）中引用： “牛仔们在其它地区称为buckin'， 得克萨斯人称 pitchin'， 而在南得克萨斯经常使用， 在其他地区很少听到的一个词是cayusein' ” 〔put〕back-formation from Old English *pūtte [past tense of] pȳtan [to put out] 源自 古英语 *pūtte的逆构词 pȳtan的过去时 [熄灭] 〔Kyrie〕eleēson [aorist imperative of] elein [to show mercy] from eleos [mercy] eleēson elein的不定过去时祈使语气动词 [显示怜悯] 源自 eleos [怜悯] 〔aorist〕A form of a verb in some languages, such as Classical Greek, that expresses action without indicating its completion or continuation.不定过去时：某些语言中动词的一种形式，如古希腊语中，其不表明动作是否已完成或正在继续〔yet〕In formal styleyet in the sense "up to now" requires that the accompanying verb be in the present perfect, rather than in the simple past: 在正式文体中，yet 表达“迄今”这一意思时，须与现在完成时动词连用， 而不是简单的过去时： 〔assumpsit〕from third person sing. past tense of Latin assūmere [to undertake] * see assume 源自 拉丁语 assūmere的第三人称单数过去时 [承担] * 参见 assume〔affidavit〕from third person sing. past tense of Latin affīdāre [to pledge] * see affiance 源自 拉丁语 affīdāre的第三人称单数过去时 [立誓，承诺] * 参见 affiance〔diastema〕from diastēnai [to separate] [second aorist of] diistanai * see diastasis 源自 diastēnai [分开] diistanai的第二人称不定过去时 * 参见 diastasis〔hight〕from hehte, hight [past tense of] hoten 源自 hehte, hight hoten的过去时 〔sweep〕perhaps from swepe [past tense of] swopen [to sweep along] * see swoop 可能源自 swepe swopen的过去时 [扫过] * 参见 swoop〔hang〕In all other senses of the word,hung is the preferred form as past tense and past participle. 这个词的别的所有意思用hung 来作过去时或过去分词都是合适的 〔ancient〕A person who lived in times long past.古代人：生活在过去时代的人〔anabas〕Greek anabas [climbing] [aorist participle of] anabainein [to go up] * see anabaena 希腊语 anabas [攀] anabainein的不定过去时分词 [向上爬] * 参见 anabaena〔dive〕Eitherdove or dived is acceptable as the past tense of dive. Dived is actually the earlier form,and the emergence ofdove may appear anomalous in light of the general tendencies of change in English verb forms. Old English had two classes of verbs:strong verbs, whose past tense was indicated by a change in their vowel (a process that survives in such present-day English verbsasdrive/drove or fling/flung ); and weak verbs,whose past was formed with a suffix related to-ed in Modern English (as in present-day Englishlive/lived and move/moved ). Since the Old English period,many verbs have changed from the strong pattern to the weak one;for example, the past tense ofhelp, formerly healp, became helped, and the past tense ofstep, formerly stop, became stepped. Over the years, in fact, the weak pattern has become so prevalentthat we use the termregular to refer to verbs that form their past tense by suffixation of -ed. However, there have occasionally been changes in the other direction:the past tense ofwear, now wore, was once werede ; that ofspit, now spat, was once spitede ; and the development ofdove is an additional example of the small group of verbs that have swum against the historical tide. dove 或 dived 都可用作 dive的过去式形式。 Dived 实际上是早期词形，根据英语动词词形变化的趋势，dove 的出现似乎是不规则的。 古英语有两类动词：强式动词，其过去时形式由元音变化来体现（这一过程还存在于现代英语里，诸如drive/drove 或 fling/flung 等动词中）； 另一类为弱式动词，其过去时态形式由与现代英语-ed 后缀有关 （如现代英语中的live/lived 和 move/moved )。 自古英语时期以来，许多动词由强式变为弱式；例如help 的过去式形式以前为 healp ，已变为 helped ， step 的过去式由以前的 stop 变为 stepped 。 事实上，多年来弱式动词变得非常普遍，我们用术语规则动词 来指那些由加后缀 -ed 来构成过去式形式的动词， 然而偶尔也会向另一方向发生变化：wear 的过去形式现为 wore ，曾为 weared ； spit 的过去式现为 spat ，曾为 spitede ； dove 的发展是反历史潮流而动的一小组动词中的另外一小组动词的例子 |
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