| 单词 | 过渡 |
| 释义 | 〔marsh〕An area of soft, wet, low-lying land, characterized by grassy vegetation and often forming a transition zone between water and land.沼泽，湿地：多为青草覆盖的湿软的低地，常形成水区和陆区之间的过渡地带〔Hoosier〕As the fame of Indiana basketball grows ever greater,perhaps a larger number of people have become curious about the origins of the wordHoosier, the nickname for a native or resident of Indiana. As more than one of the curious has discovered,the origins are rather opaque.The most likely possibility is thatHoosier is an alteration of hoozer, an English dialect word recorded in Cumberland,a former county of northwest England, in the late 19th century and used to refer to anything unusually large.The transition betweenhoozer and Hoosier is not clear. The first recorded instance ofHoosier meaning "Indiana resident" is dated 1826; however, it seems possible that senses of the word recorded later in theDictionary of Americanisms, including "a big, burly, uncouth specimen or individual; a frontiersman, countryman, rustic,”reflect the kind of use this word had before it settled down in Indiana.随着印第安纳州篮球的名声越来越响，也许很多人对Hoosier， 印第安纳州人或定居者的别称这个词的来源感到好奇。 正如若干好奇者所发现的那样，其来源非常隐晦。最大的可能性是Hoosier 是 hoozer 的变体， 这是记录于坎伯兰的英格兰方言，19世纪后期英格兰西北部以前的一个郡，用来指特别巨大的东西。Hoozer 和 Hoosier 之间的过渡并不清楚。 意思是“印第安那州居住者”的Hoosier 的首次记载是在1826年； 但是可能该词的解释后来收录于美国俗语词典 中， 包括“一个庞大的、粗壮的、野蛮的种类或个体；拓荒者，乡巴佬，庄稼人，”可能反映了它在落户印第安那之前所有的用法〔introduce〕interpolated a transitional passage into the text;在课文中加入过渡段落；〔resolution〕The progression of a dissonant tone or chord to a consonant tone or chord.解决：不谐和的音调或和弦向和谐的音调或和弦的过渡〔shade〕To pass from one quality, color, or thing to another by very slight changes or degrees.渐渐发生细微变化：从一种品质、色彩或事物通过细微变化过渡到另一种〔present〕A moment or period in time perceptible as intermediate between past and future; now.现在，目前：在过去和将来之间可感受到的作为过渡的时间点或段；现在〔transitive〕Characterized by or involving transition.过渡的：以过渡为特征或涉及过渡的〔roulade〕An embellishment consisting of a rapid run of several notes sung to one syllable.滚奏，颤音：由夹在两个旋律之间的快速过渡和音组成的装饰音〔transition〕A passage connecting two themes.过渡：连接两个主题的过渡段落〔leap〕An abrupt or precipitous passage, shift, or transition:骤变：突然或急促的通过、变化或过渡：〔transit〕A transition or change, as to a spiritual existence at death.过渡：过渡或变化，如人死后向精神存在的过渡〔disinterested〕Despite critical disapproval, disinterested has come to be widely used by many educated writers to mean "uninterested" or "having lost interest,”as inSince she discovered skiing, she is disinterested in her schoolwork (a sense it had at an earlier stage of English, but which had in the interim become outmoded).Many maintain that the word can legitimately be used only in its sense of "having no stake in (an outcome or issue),”as inSince the judge stands to profit from the sale of the company, she cannot be considered a disinterested party in the dispute. In our most recent survey,89 percent of the Usage Panel rejected the sentence 尽管批评界的不赞成， disinterested 已逐渐成为许多有学识的作家们广泛用来指“不感兴趣的”或“失去兴趣的”，如在因为发现了滑雪这一运动，她就对功课失去了兴趣 （该词在英语的早期阶段就有这个词义，但在过渡时间，该词义已不再用）许多人认为在法律上该词只可用来表示“与（结果或事件）无利害关系，”如因为法官站在这一方是为了从公司所售物品中获利，她不能被看作是在这场争论中无任何关系的一方。 在最近的统计中，用法专题使用小组中百分之八十九的成员不接受下面的句子 〔perennate〕To survive from one growing season to the next, often with a period of reduced or arrested growth between seasons. Used of plants or plant parts.多年生的：由一个生长季持续到下一个生长季，常指过渡四季之间生长缩减式受抑制的时期。用于植物式植物体的部分〔passage〕the passage from childhood to adulthood.从童年到成年的过渡〔scan〕In the 1969 edition ofThe American Heritage Dictionary a dead issue was buried by our Usage Panel, 85 percent of whom thought it was acceptable to usescan in the sense "to look over quickly,” though the note stated that this was less formal usage.The usage issue was raised becausescan in an earlier sense meant "to examine closely.” From a historical perspective it is easy to see how these two opposite senses ofscan developed. The source of our word, Latinscandere, which meant "to climb,” came to mean "to scan a verse of poetry,” because one could beat the rhythm by lifting and putting down one's foot.The Middle English verbscannen, derived from scandere, came into Middle English in this sense (first recorded in a text composed before 1398). In the 16th century this highly specialized sense having to do with the close analysis of verse developed other senses,such as "to criticize, examine minutely, interpret, perceive.” From these senses having to do with examination and perception,it was an easy step to the sense "to look at searchingly" (first recorded in 1798),perhaps harking back still to the careful, detailed work involved in analyzing prosody.But a thorough search can change into a quick one, as it seems to have done in the case of the verbscan. 在1969年版的美国传统词典 中，我们的用法委员会放弃了一个已废弃的争议， 其中85%的人认为scan 意为“快速浏览”是可接受的， 虽然注释上说这是非正式的用法。之所以这么用是因为scan 在较早的意义上表示“仔细检查”。 从历史的角度了解scan 的两个相反意思如何发展是容易的。 这个单词的词源是拉丁语scandere ，意为“攀登”，后又演化为“标出诗之格律”， 因为人们可以通过抬起或放下脚来打拍子。中世纪英语动词scannen 即是在这个意义上从 scandere 转化而来的（首次被记载在一本1398年之前编辑的教科书上）。 在16世纪这个已经高度专门化并且用来表示仔细分析诗歌的词语又发展出了其它的意项，如“批评、细致入微地检查、翻译或理解”。从这些表示检查和察觉的意思，很容易就过渡到“细察”(1798年首次被记载）的意义，也可能返回到仔细分析诗体的细微工作。但就象这个动词scan 一样，彻底地搜查可能变成快速地浏览 〔limbo〕An intermediate place or state.中间过渡地带，不安定的状态〔intergrade〕A transitional stage, form, or type.过渡的阶段、形式或类型〔transition〕Passage from one form, state, style, or place to another.过渡：从一种形式、状态、风格或地点转到另一种形式、状态、风格或地点〔junction〕A transition layer or boundary between two different materials or between physically different regions in a single material, especially:交界处：两种不同的物质，或单个物质的不同部位之间的过渡层或过渡边界，尤指：〔saltation〕Discontinuous movement, transition, or development; advancement by leaps.连续的移动，过渡或发展；跳跃前进〔saltatory〕Proceeding by leaps rather than by smooth, gradual transitions.跳跃前进的，而非平滑、渐渐过渡的〔katzenjammer〕German [hangover] 德语 [过渡饮酒后不舒服的感觉] 〔cusp〕A transitional point or time, as between two astrological signs.过渡：过渡点或过渡时间，尤指占星术的两个天宫之间的〔juncture〕The transition or mode of transition from one sound to another in speech.音渡，连音：说话时一个音向另一个音的过渡或过渡形式〔landing〕An intermediate platform on a flight of stairs.楼梯的过渡平台〔phase〕just a passing phase.只是一个过渡段〔renaissance〕The period of this revival, roughly the 14th through the 16th century, marking the transition from medieval to modern times.文艺复兴时期：大约从14世纪到16世纪的复兴时期，标志着从中世纪到现代时期的过渡〔limbo〕Our use of the wordlimbo to refer to states of oblivion, confinement, or transition is derived from the theological sense ofLimbo as a place where souls remain that cannot enter heaven, for example, unbaptized infants.Limbo in Roman Catholic theology is located on the border of Hell, which explains the name chosen for it.The Latin wordlimbus, having meanings such as "an ornamental border to a fringe" and "a band or girdle,” was chosen by Christian theologians of the Middle Ages to denote this border region.English borrowed the wordlimbus directly, but the formlimbo that caught on in English, first recorded in a work composed around 1378,is from the ablative form oflimbus, the form that would be used in expressions such asin limbō, "in Limbo.” 我们用limbo 这个词指被忘却、监禁或过渡的状态， 此用法源于Limbo 的神学含义， 指那些不能升入天堂的灵魂（如未受洗的儿童）所在地。Limbo 在罗马天主教的教义中指位于地狱的边境， 这也是为什么选这个词指地狱的边境的原因。拉丁词limbus 有诸如“流苏或穗状的装饰性花边“和”嵌条或腰带”的意思， 中世纪的基督教神学家选用这个词来指这种边界地区。英语直接借用了limbus 这个词， 但出现于英语中的limbo 这种形式， 首次记载于1378年左右完成的作品中，它源自limbus 的夺格形式， 这种用法是在短语in limbo 中出现的，意思是“在地狱的边界地区” 〔Cherubini〕Italian composer whose 29 operas, includingLes Deux Journées (1800), helped form the transition in music from classicism to romanticism. 路吉，（玛丽亚）路易戈·卡洛·芝诺比欧·萨尔瓦托：(1760-1842) 意大利作曲家，作有包括《二日》 （1800年）在内的29部歌剧，为音乐从古典主义过渡浪漫主义作出了贡献 |
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