| 单词 | 进一步 |
| 释义 | 〔scholium〕A note amplifying a proof or course of reasoning, as in mathematics.附注：（如在数学中）进一步阐发证据或推理过程的注释〔affect〕 Move suggests profound emotional effect that sometimes leads to action or has a further consequence: Move 暗指深刻的情感效果，有时导致行动或具有进一步后果： 〔for〕took two steps back for every step forward.每前进一步向后退两步〔tripinnate〕Divided into pinnae that are subdivided into smaller, further subdivided leaflets or lobes, as in many ferns.三回羽状的：二回羽状的又分割成更小的一回羽状的，进一步分割成小叶或裂片，如各种蕨类的叶片〔coast〕To move without further use of propelling power.顺势滑下：无需进一步使用推力来运动〔Vedanta〕The system of philosophy that further develops the implications in the Upanishads that all reality is a single principle, Brahman, and teaches that the believer's goal is to transcend the limitations of self-identity and realize one's unity with Brahman.吠檀多：进一步发展“奥义书”中含义的哲学体系，即所有的实在论是唯一的神婆罗门，并且宣扬信奉者的目标是超出个性的限制并实现与婆罗门合而为一〔Killy〕French alpine skier who won three gold medals at the 1968 Olympic games. Skiing with the skis further apart to increase stability was a style introduced to downhill by Killy.基利，简-克劳德：法国高山滑雪选手，在1968年奥运会上独得三枚金牌。为增加稳定性而将滑雪板同滑雪运动进一步分离的方式被基利用于下坡速滑〔item〕The worditem seems to us to be very much a noun, whether it refers to an article in a collection or a bit of information.But it began its life in English (first recorded before 1398) as an adverbmeaning "moreover, also, in addition.”Item as typically used in front of each object listed in an inventory, as we might putalso. This use in English simply reflects a meaning of the word in Latin.However, it is easy to see howitem could be taken to stand for the thing that it preceded, and so we get, for example, the sense "an article included in an enumeration.”The first such usages are found in the 16th century,while the sense "a bit of information" is not found until the 19th century.In the 20th century we added a computer sense,a further addition toitem. 单词item 对我们来说只是一个名词， 它可以指一个文集中的一篇文章或者是一些信息。但是它的起源却是一个副词（最早见于1398年以前），意思为“此外，而且，同样”。Item 最典型是用在商品目录的每一个物品的前面， 就象我们使用also 一样。 这种用法反映在拉丁词语上仅有一个含义。然而，明白item 是怎样被用来代表它前面的事物是很容易的， 所以我们得到了像“文集中的一篇文章”等这种含义。这种用法最早见于16世纪，而含义“一些信息”一直到19世纪才被发现使用。在20世纪时，我们加了一个计算的含义，进一步形成了今天的item 〔hisself〕Speakers of some vernacular American dialects, particularly in the South, may use the possessive reflexive formhisself instead of himself (as in He cut hisself shaving ) and theirselves or theirself for themselves (as in They found theirselves alone ). These forms reflect the tendency of speakers of vernacular dialects to regularize irregular patterns found in the corresponding standard variety. In Standard English, the pattern of reflexive pronoun forms shows slightly irregular patterning; all forms but two are composed of the possessive form of the pronoun and -self or -selves, as in myself or ourselves. The exceptions are himself and themselves, which are formed by attaching the suffix -self/-selves to the object forms of he and they rather than their possessive forms. Speakers who use hisself and theirselves are smoothing out the pattern's inconsistencies by applying the same rule to all forms in the set.·A further regularization is the use of -self regardless of number, yielding the forms ourself and theirself. Using a singular form in a plural context may seem imprecise, but the plural meaning of ourself and theirself is made clear by the presence of the plural forms our- and their-. Hisself and theirselves have origins in British English and are still prevalent today in vernacular speech in England. 一些美国本土方言的使用者，尤其是美国南方人，可能会用所有格的反身代词形式hisself 代替 himself （如 He cut hisself shaving﹝刮脸时他割到自己﹞ ）以及 theirselves 或 theirself 代替 themselves （如 They found theirselves alone﹝他们发觉自己很孤独﹞ ）。这些形式反映出本土方言使用者试图规则化相应标准变化中的不规则模式。在标准英语中，反身代词模式显示出略微不规则模式的形成；除两个反身代词外，所有的反身代词都由代词的所有格形式加 -self 或 -selves 构成（如 myself 或 ourselves ）。例外的就是 himself 和 themselves ，将后缀 -self/-selves 附加在 he 和 they 的宾格形式而不是所有格形式上形成。采用 hisself 和 theirselves 的本土方言使用者消除了将同一规则用于一组中所有形式时产生的模式矛盾。进一步的规则化是不考虑数量而全部使用 -self ，由此产生 ourself 和 theirself 。在复数上下文中使用单数形式似乎有失严谨，但 ourself 和 theirself 的复数含义已由复数形式的 our- 和 their-清楚表明。Hisself 和 theirselves 起源于英式英语并在英国本土语言中依然流行 〔traffic〕Refused further traffic with the estranged friend.拒绝和被疏远的朋友进一步交往〔farther〕carried the idea farther.进一步地表达想法〔follow〕To increase the effectiveness or enhance the success of by further action:使更进一步，使更成功：通过进一步行动增加效果或提高成功性：〔complete〕If there is a further falloff in ticket sales, the play will close.如果门票销售进一步下跌，这个剧目就会停演。〔subdivide〕To divide a part or parts of into smaller parts.再分：把（正分开的东西）进一步分成或细分〔impeach〕Nothing hobbles a President so much as impeachment,and there is an etymologicalas well as procedural reason for this.The wordimpeach can be traced back through Anglo-Norman empecher to Late Latin impedicāre, "to catch, entangle,”from Latinpedica, "fetter for the ankle, snare.” Thus we find that Middle Englishempechen, the ancestor of our word,means such things as "to cause to get stuck fast,” "hinder or impede,” "interfere with,” and "criticize unfavorably.”A legal sense ofempechen is first recorded in 1384. This sense, which had previously developed in Old French,was "to accuse, bring charges against.”A further development of the sense had specific reference to Parliament and its formal accusation of treason or other high crimes,a process that the United States borrowed from the British.Although we have used it rarely at the federal level,impeachment stands as the ultimate snare for those who would take advantage of the public trust.没有事能象弹劾那样会使总统陷入窘境了，这既有词源的原因，又有程序上的原因。impeach 这个词能够通过英国法语中的 empecher 追溯到后期拉丁语中的 impedicare ， 意思为“抓住，牵连”，源自拉丁语中的pedica ，意思是“脚镣，圈套”。 于是我们发现中古英语中的empechen ， 我们现在这个词的前身，有着诸如“使牢牢困住”，“妨碍或阻止”，“干涉”和“令人不利地批评”等意思。empechen 在法律方面的意思最早在1384年被记录下来。 这个意思，原先在古法语中有一定发展，意思是“控告，指控。”这个意思的进一步发展到议会和议会对叛国罪或其他重大罪行的指控，这一程序是美国从英国那里借鉴而来的。尽管我们在联邦一级上很少使用，但是弹劾对于那些滥用公众信任的人来说是最终的陷阱〔Darrow〕American lawyer known for his highly publicized defense of so-called lost causes, such as the Leopold-Loeb murder case (1924) and the Scopes evolution trial (1925).达罗，克拉伦斯·苏厄德：(1857-1938) 美国律师，因在号称必输的官司中广为人知的辩护而闻名，如利奥波德—利奥伯谋杀案(1924年）和斯科普斯进一步审判案(1925年）〔detainer〕A writ authorizing the further detention of a person in custody, pending further action.继续拘留状：继续拘留某人等待进一步审理的文书〔advised〕Keep me advised of further developments.随时告知我进一步的发展情况〔graph〕A written character that represents a vowel, consonant, syllable, word, or other expression and that cannot be further analyzed.书写单位；书写符号：代表一个元音、辅音、音节、词或其它表达方式，并且不能进一步分解的书写符号〔canter〕Most of those who have majored in English literature,and many more besides,know that Chaucer'sCanterbury Tales were told by a group of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury to visit the shrine of England's famous martyr Thomas à Becket.Many pilgrims other than Chaucer's visited Canterbury on horse,and phrases such asCanterbury gallop, Canterbury pace, and Canterbury trot described the easy gait at which they rode to their destination. The first recorded instance of one of these phrases,Canterbury pace, is found in a work published before 1636. However, in a work written in 1631 we find a shortened form,the nounCanterbury, meaning "a canter,” and later, in 1673,the verbCanterbury, meaning "to canter.” This verb, or perhaps the noun,was further shortened, giving us the verbcanter, first recorded in 1706,and the nouncanter, first recorded in 1755. 专业是英语文学史的绝大多数人，还有许多其他的人，都知道乔叟的 坎特伯雷故事集 是由一群朝圣者在坎特伯雷的路上讲述的， 他们去那里是为了瞻仰英格兰著名的殉道士托马斯· 贝科特的神殿。除了乔叟笔下的这些朝圣者外的许多其他朝圣者也骑着马前去。一些短语，例如Canterbury gallop，Canterbury pace 和 Canterbury trot 描述了这些朝圣者在骑往他们的目的地时的缓和步态。 这些短语最早见于记录的例子Canterbury pace 发现于1636年之前出版的一部著作中。 然而，在写于1631年的一部著作中我们找到了一个缩略的形式，名词Canterbuty， 意即“慢跑”； 后来在1673年，又有了动词Canterbury, 意为“慢跑。” 这一动词，或者也许是这个名词，后来又被进一步缩写成canter, 该动词最早被记录于1706年，而名词canter 则被最早记录于1755年 〔bloom〕A mass of wrought iron ready for further working.锻铁块：准备作进一步加工的熟铁〔working〕Serving as a basis or guide for further work:初步的：为进一步工作做基础或指导的：〔seminal〕Highly influential in an original way; constituting or providing a basis for further development.有重大影响的：以独创的方式产生巨大影响的；组成或提供进一步发展的基础的〔Oregon〕Abbr. OR,Ore.A state of the northwest United States in the Pacific Northwest. It was admitted as the 33rd state in 1859. Claimed by the United States after Capt. Robert Gray explored the mouth of the Columbia River in 1792, the area was further explored by Lewis and Clark in 1805 and was soon the site of fur-trading posts. TheOregon Country, a region encompassing all the land from the California border to Alaska and the Pacific Ocean to the Rocky Mountains, was held jointly by Great Britain and the United States from 1818 until 1846, when the international boundary was fixed at the 49th parallel. In 1848 the Oregon Territory was created, including all of present-day Washington and Idaho. The state's current boundaries were established in 1853. Salem is the capital and Portland the largest city. Population, 2,853,733. 缩写 OR,Ore.俄勒冈州：美国西北部、太平洋西北沿岸州。1859年作为第33州加入联邦。1792年在船长罗伯特·格雷探险哥伦比亚河口之后，美国宣布拥有其主权，1805年，刘易斯和克拉克对该地区进行了进一步的探险，不久后它成为皮货交易站。俄勒冈地区， 覆盖从加利福尼亚州边界到阿拉斯加州和太平洋直至落基山脉的大片地区，从1818年起英国和美国共同拥有该片地区，直至1846年在北纬49度制定了国界。1848年， 俄勒冈专区 成立，包括今天的华盛顿州和爱达荷州。此州现有边界是1853年制定的。首府为沙连，最大城市为波特拉。人口2,853,733 〔suggestive〕Stimulating further thought:发人深思的：刺激进一步思考的：〔Gris〕Spanish painter who adopted and further developed cubism. His works includeHomage to Picasso (1912). 格里斯，胡安：(1887-1927) 西班牙画家，采用并进一步发展了立体主义，作品有《向毕加索致敬》 （1912年）等 〔infill〕The use of vacant land and property within a built-up area for further construction or development, especially as part of a neighborhood preservation or limited growth program.填实：为进一步的建设或发展，在建好的区域中留下一块空地和地产，尤指目的在于保留邻居环境或限制发展计划〔spooling〕The temporary storage of information that occurs while that information awaits further processing.假脱机，信息暂存：当信息需进一步处理时，对其进行暂时存贮〔remit〕A matter remitted for further consideration.提交事件：提交作进一步考虑的事件〔hypothesis〕A tentative explanation that accounts for a set of facts and can be tested by further investigation; a theory.前提：对一系列事实进行说明的暂时解释，它能被进一步的调查检验；一个理论〔remand〕To send back (a case) to a lower court with instructions about further proceedings.将…还押候审：将（案件）随进一步审理的命令送回较低级别的法庭〔come〕"A further problem . . . came to light last summer as a result of post-flight inspections"(John Noble Wilford)“作为飞行后检查的结果，进一步的问题…出现在去年夏季”(约翰·诺贝尔·威尔福特)〔Faraday〕British physicist and chemist who discovered electromagnetic induction (1831) and proposed the field theory later developed by Maxwell and Einstein.法拉第，迈克尔：(1791-1867) 英国物理学、化学家，发现电磁感应（1831年）并提出相应理论，后被马克思沃尔和爱因斯坦进一步发展〔lead〕a remark that led to further discussion; policies that led to disaster.导出进一步讨论的一句话；导致灾难的政策〔primate〕[prīʹmāt'] A mammal of the order Primates, which includes the anthropoids and prosimians, characterized by refined development of the hands and feet, a shortened snout, and a large brain.[prīʹmāt'] 灵长目：属于灵长目的哺乳动物，包括类人猿和原猴亚目的猴，主要特征是手足进一步进化，口鼻缩短，大脑增大〔freeze〕To prohibit further manufacture or use of.禁止进一步生产或使用…〔depress〕feared that rising inflation would further depress the economy.担心不断上升的通货膨胀会进一步削弱经济〔slug〕A lump of metal or glass prepared for further processing.（待加工的）金属，玻璃：准备进一步加工的一块金属或玻璃〔reorder〕A further order of goods from the same supplier.添购：从同一供应商那儿进一步定购货物〔follow〕followed up her interview with a telephone call.用电话进一步完成面试 |
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