| 单词 | 适用 |
| 释义 | 〔general〕Concerned with, applicable to, or affecting the whole or every member of a class or category:全体的，全面的：与一个集团或类别的全部或每一成员有关系的、适用的、有影响力的：〔imagination〕 Imagination is the most broadly applicable: Imagination 一词适用最广： 〔everyplace〕The formseveryplace (or every place ), anyplace (or any place ), someplace (or some place ), and no place are widely used in speech and informal writing as equivalents for everywhere, anywhere, somewhere, and nowhere. Though these usages are not incorrect,they should be avoided in formal writing.But when the two-word expressionsevery place, any place, some place, and no place are used to mean "every (any, some, no) spot or location,” they are entirely appropriate at all levels of style.The distinction between the two meanings is often subtle,but acceptability can often be gauged by seeing whether an expression with-where can be substituted. Thus in the sentence everyplace （或 every place ）， anyplace （或 any place ）， someplace （或 some place ），和 no place 的形式作为与 everywhere，anywhere，somewhere 和 nowhere 等价的词，被广泛用于讲话和非正式的书写中。 虽然这些用法并非不正确，也应该在正式的书写中避免使用它们。但是当两词短语every place，any place，some place 和 no place 用于表示“每一（任何，一些，没有）地点或位置”的意思时， 它们在各样文体中都完全适用。两个含意之间的差别常是很微妙的，是否可能接受，常常通过检验-where 式的表达是否能被代替。 因此在句子 〔joke〕It is hard to imagine the English language without the wordjoke , butjoke is only first recorded in 1670. Sincejoke was originally considered a slang or informal usage, it was not suitable to all contexts.The change in status ofjoke from then to now provides us with an excellent example of how usage changes. Joke has a decent enough heritage at any rate, coming from Latiniocus, "jest, sport, laughingstock, trifle.”Iocus in turn can be traced back to the Indo-European root yek-, meaning "to speak,” from which also comes the Umbrian wordiuka, "prayers,” and the Welsh wordiaith, "speech.” 我们很难想象英语中如果没有joke 这个词会怎样， 但是joke 在1670年才首次有文字记载。 因为joke 起初被认为是俚语或非正式用语， 以前它并不是在所有的文章中都适用的。从那时到现在joke 地位上的变化给我们提供了一个关于语言用法如何变化的极好的例子。 不管怎样joke 的词源算得上很体面， 它来自于拉丁语中iocus 一词， 表示“玩笑，游戏，笑柄，琐事”。Iocus 反过来又可追溯到印欧语系中的词根 yek- 表示“说话”， 从这个词根还派生出翁布里亚语中iuka 一词，即“祈祷”， 以及威尔士语中iaith 一词，即“讲话，演说” 〔bear〕To have relevance; apply:和…有关；适用：〔general〕A statement, principle, or fact that embraces or is applicable to the whole.原则：陈述、原则或事实，包括或对全部都适用〔usable〕usable spare parts; a usable reference book.适用的零件；好用的参考书〔poet〕Poetaster, the most pejorative of these terms,applies to a writer of insignificant, meretricious, or shoddy verse: Poetaster 是这些词中最具贬义的一个词，适用无价值、俗艳或低劣的诗歌作者： 〔season〕To become usable, competent, or tempered.使可用，适用：变得可用、有竞争力或被缓和〔practicable〕Usable for a specified purpose:实用的，适用的：能实际使用的：〔use〕The quality of being suitable or adaptable to an end; usefulness:适用，实用：适宜或适合某种目的特征；实用：〔majority〕The phrasegreater majority is appropriate only when considering two majorities: 词组greater majority 只是在两个多数作比较时才适用： 〔pitch〕To adapt so as to be applicable; direct:修正以适用；指向：〔Solomonic〕"The court also will have to make the Solomonic determination whether any age limit applies"(Tom Wicker)“法院将就是否适用任何年龄限制而作出明智的决定”(汤姆·威克)〔utensil〕from Latin ūtēnsilia [utensils] [from neuter pl. of] ūtēnsilis [fit for use] 源自 拉丁语 ūtēnsilia [器皿，用具] 源自ūtēnsilis的中性复数 [适用的] 〔mill〕Industrial mill towns are a far cry from the small water mill grinding grain near an Anglo-Saxon settlement,but the same wordmill is used in both contexts, showing how the meaning of a word can be generalized.The Old English wordmylen, "water mill for grinding grain,” is itself adopted from Late Latinmolīna or molīnum, "mill,” just as the Germanic peoples, such as the Anglo-Saxons, adopted the water mill from the Romans.In Middle Englishmilne, the descendant of the Old English word, was generalized to refer to a windmill, any power-driven mill for grinding grain, and a fulling mill.But it was left for the postmedieval,increasingly industrialized world really to generalize the meaning ofmill, applying it to machines such as pepper mills and cider millsand buildings such as textile mills and steel mills.Mill town is first recorded in 1847. 工业化的制造区与原来盎格鲁-撒克逊人居住地附近那种靠水力推动来磨谷物的小型磨臼大不相同，但mill 这个词对这两种情况都适用， 这可以体现出某一词汇的意思是可以有概括性的。古英语中mylen 一词有“磨谷物的水磨”的意思， 这个词由后期拉丁语中的molina 或 molinum 而来，意为“磨臼”， 正如日尔曼民族中的盎格鲁-撒克逊人从罗马人那里引进了水磨。中古英语中milne 一词由古英语词而来， 它的词义已扩大，可指风车、任何靠动力驱动来磨谷物的磨以及缩洗机。不过在中世纪晚期，不断发展的工业化世界真正使mill 这个词在意义上有所扩大， 它可以指胡椒研磨机或苹果榨汁机等机器，也可以指纺织厂或钢铁厂等工厂。Mill town 这个词最早见载于1847年 〔outgrow〕To grow too large for:过度成长：长得太大而使…不再适用：〔single〕a single moral code for all.对所有人都适用的道德规范〔answer〕To fulfill the demands or needs of; serve:满足：满足需要或要求；适用：〔wallflower〕TheCheiranthus cheiri, with its sweet-smelling yellow, red, or brown flowers, came to be called the wallflower because it was noted for growing on surfaces such as old walls, rocks, and quarries. This plant name is first recorded in 1578.It is not known who first observed a likeness between this delicate, fragrant flower and the unpartnered women sitting along the wall at a dance, but the figurative sense is first found in an 1820 work by Mrs. Campbell Praed entitledCounty Ball. The word, although originally used only to describe women, has become unisex,and of course one can be a wallflower without having a wall in the vicinity.具有芳香的黄、红或棕色花的桂竹香 之所以后来被称为 wallflower 是因为它以生活于物体表面（如旧墙面、岩石成或矿井面）而闻名。 该植物名称首载于1578年。没有人知道谁最先发现了这种雅致、芳香的花与在舞会上单独坐在墙边的女子的关系，但是这种比喻义最早发现于埃贝尔·普利德夫人1820年名为郡办舞会 的作品中。 虽然该词起初只用来描绘女子，后来却男女都适用。而且，一个人即使周围没有墙也能成为一个离群之人〔glad〕 Happy applies to a pleasurable feeling of contentment,as from a sense of fulfillment: Happy 适用因满足而产生的舒适感觉，如来自于愿望实现后的一种感觉： 〔hold〕The theory holds. This is an observation that still holds true.理论仍适用。这种观察仍很正确〔impose〕To apply or make prevail by or as if by authority:强制实行：用或好象用权威适用或推广：〔applicative〕Practical; applicatory.实用的；适用的〔service〕To make fit for use; adjust, repair, or maintain:维修：使适用；修正、修理或维护：〔form〕A proportioned model that may be adjusted for fitting clothes.可调整大小比例的模型：与人体相称的，常可调整的模型，以适用各种服装〔law〕A formulation describing a relationship observed to be invariable between or among phenomena for all cases in which the specified conditions are met:定律：各种现象之间恒定关系的简洁陈述，在所有符合特定条件的例子中都能适用：〔relevance〕Applicability to social issues:实用性：对社会事务的适用：〔general〕Being usually the case; true or applicable in most instances but not all:大致的，概略的：经常是此状况的；大部分情形都真实或适用的但并非全部：〔perseverance〕"Persistence and courage are the most womanly no less than the most manly qualities" (Margaret Fuller).“毅力和勇气就象适用男性一样适用女性” （玛格丽特·夫乐尔）。 |
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