| 单词 | 通俗 |
| 释义 | 〔operetta〕A theatrical production that has many of the musical elements of opera but is lighter and more popular in subject and style and contains spoken dialogue. Also called light opera 轻歌剧：一种歌剧性的、具有许多音乐成分的戏剧性作品，它轻快活泼，而且在主题和风格方面更加通俗，其中包含口语 也作 light opera〔Betterton〕English actor of the Restoration theater who also wrote popular adaptations of dramas.贝特顿，托马斯：(1635?-1710) 英国王政复辟时期男演员，写过戏剧的通俗改编本〔goliard〕A wandering student in medieval Europe disposed to conviviality, license, and the making of ribald and satirical Latin songs.放纵派吟游诗人：在中世纪的欧洲追崇享受和不受拘束的生活，作一些通俗或讽刺的拉丁歌谣的流浪学者〔Shirer〕American journalist and historian known for his vivid radio broadcasts from Berlin at the outset of World War II and for the popular historyThe Rise and Fall of the Third Reich (1960). 希勒，威廉·劳伦斯：(生于 1904) 美国记者和历史学家，以其在二次世界大战开始时从柏林发回的生动广播节目和他的通俗历史著作《第三帝国的兴亡》 （1960年）而闻名 〔transpontine〕Similar to or characteristic of melodramas once performed in London theaters located south of the Thames River.闹剧的：与在泰晤士河南岸的伦敦剧院中上演的通俗情节剧相似或有这种通俗情节剧特征的〔pop〕pop culture; pop psychology.通俗文化；通俗心理学〔Hergesheimer〕American writer whose popular novels of manners includeThe Three Black Pennys (1917) and Java Head (1919). 赫格希默，约瑟夫：(1880-1954) 美国作家，他的通俗社会风俗小说包括《三代黑皮肤的彭尼家人》 （1917年）和 《爪哇岬》 （1919年） 〔arrowroot〕The arrowroot is just one of many plants that the European settlers and explorers discovered in the New World.The Arawak, a people who formerly lived on the Caribbean Islands and continue to inhabit certain regions of Guiana, named this plantaru-aru, meaning "meal of meals,” so called because they thought very highly of the starchy, nutritious meal made from the arrowroot.The plant also had medicinal value because its tubers could be used to draw poison from wounds inflicted by poison arrows.The medicinal application of the roots provided the impetus for English speakers to remakearu-aru into arrowroot, first recorded in English in 1696. Folk etymology—the process by which an unfamiliar element in a word is changed to resemble a more familiar word,often one that is semantically associated with the word being refashioned—has triumphed once again,thus denying us the direct borrowing ofaru-aru and giving us arrowroot instead. 竹芋仅是欧洲探险家和拓荒者在新大陆发现的多种植物中的一种。曾居住在加勒比海各岛，现仍在圭亚那部分地区居住的阿拉瓦克人把这种植物称为aru-aru 意思是“餐中餐”， 这样称呼是因为他们非常看重这种用竹芋粉做成的淀粉状的，非常有营养的食物。这种植物同时还有医疗价值，因为其块茎可用来从毒箭箭伤处把毒吸出来。这种植物的医疗作用促使讲英语的人重新将aru-aru 命名为 arrowroot ，1696年首次在英语中予以记载。 词的通俗变化就是比较陌生的词被比较熟悉的词所替代的过程，常常是被一个语义上与被翻新的词有联系的词。这里，通俗词汇学又一次取得胜利，不允许我们直接借用aru-aru ，而是另给了我们一个 arrowroot 。 〔demotic〕demotic speech; demotic entertainments.通俗语言；大众化娱乐〔dinner〕Eating foods such as pizza and ice cream for breakfastmay be justified by the fact that in Middle Englishdinner meant "breakfast,” as did the Old French worddisner, or diner, which was the source of our word. The Old French word came from the Vulgar Latin word.disiūnāre, meaning "to break one's fast;that is, to eat one's first meal,” a notion also contained in our wordbreakfast. The Vulgar Latin word was derived from an earlier word,.disiēiūnāre, the Latin elements of which aredis-, denoting reversal, and iēiūnium, "fast.” Middle Englishdiner not only meant "breakfast" but, echoing usage of the Old French worddiner, more commonly meant "the first big meal of the day, usually eaten between 9a.m. and noon.” Customs change, however,and over the yearswe have let the chief meal become the last meal of the day,by which timewe have broken our fast more than once.早餐吃些如比萨饼及冰淇淋的食物，既可以被中古英语dinner 表示早餐的事实所证实， 也可被该词的词源——古法语词disner 或 diner 证实。 该法语单词出自于通俗拉丁语单词disiunare ， 其意思是“打破禁食后吃的第一餐饭”，同时也含有breakfast 的概念。 通俗拉丁字出自于更早的字disieiunare ， 其拉丁文构成部分是dis- 表示反面和 ieiunium “禁食”。 中古英语diner 不仅指“早饭”， 还模仿了古法语diner 的用法， 一般指“一天中的第一次大餐，常常在上午 9点到中午之间吃”。 然而习惯改变了，许多年以来，我们常常把一天中的最后一顿饭当作主餐，从那时起，我们已不止一次地打破了禁食〔camp〕"Camp is popularity plus vulgarity plus innocence"(Indra Jahalani)“夸张做作是通俗加上粗俗再加上无知”(因德拉·贾哈拉尼)〔Ives〕American lithographer who with his partner Nathaniel Currier produced more than 7,000 popular prints depicting scenes from American life.艾夫斯，詹姆斯·梅里特：(1824-1895) 美国平版印刷商，他和他的合作伙伴内森尼尔·卡利尔生产了7,000多张描绘美国人生活的通俗平版画〔vulgar〕the technical and vulgar names for an animal species.动物种类的科学名称和通俗名称〔Ball〕American actress best known as the star of the popular situation comedyI Love Lucy (1951-1956). 鲍尔，露西尔：(1911-1989) 美国女演员，因主演通俗情景喜剧《我爱露西》 （1951-1956年）而闻名 〔semiclassical〕Of, relating to, or being a work that in style or form falls between the classical and popular genres.半古典的：某件在风格或形式上介于古典和通俗类型之间的作品的、与之相关的或属于之的〔lazaretto〕Italian dialectal Nazareto [popular name for a hospital maintained in Venice by the Church of Santa Maria di Nazaret] 意大利方言 纳撒拉托 [一所由威尼斯纳撒拉特圣玛丽教堂主管的医院的通俗名字] 〔fantasia〕A medley of familiar themes, with variations and interludes.集成曲：歌剧咏叹调或通俗小曲的杂烩〔Lee〕American burlesque entertainer who also wrote best-selling mystery novels, includingThe G-String Murders (1941). 李，吉普赛·罗斯：(1914-1970) 美国通俗歌舞艺人，他也从事畅销神秘小说的写作，包括《G弦谋杀者》 （1941年） 〔Asimov〕Russian-born American scientist and prolific writer whose works include popular explanations of scientific principles and volumes of science fiction, includingThe Foundation Trilogy (1963). 阿西莫夫，艾萨克：(1920-1992) 俄裔美国科学家和多产作家。其作品包括科学原理的通俗解释和科幻卷，包括《基础三部曲》 （1963年） |
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