| 单词 | 通晓 |
| 释义 | 〔gambit〕Critics familiar with the nature of chess gambitshave sometimes maintained that the word should not be used in an extended sense except to refer to maneuvers that involve the tactical sacrifice of some advantage.Butgambit is well established in the general sense of "maneuver" and in the related sense of "a remark intended to open a conversation,” which usually carries no implication of sacrifice.通晓国际象棋中开局让棋实质的批评家们，有时坚持这个词除了指为获得一定利益而进行策略性牺牲的计谋外，不可用于扩展的意义。但是gambit 的一般性含义“策略”已成既定模式， 其在表示“为了打开话题而说的话语”中的相关意义通常与牺牲毫无关联〔critter〕Critter, a pronunciation spelling of creature, actually reflects a pronunciation that would have been very familiar to Shakespeare:16th- and 17th-century English had not yet begun to pronounce the-ture suffix with its modern (ch) sound. This archaic pronunciation still exists in regional Americancritter and in Irishcreature, pronounced (krāʹtŭr) and used in the same senses as the American regionalism. The most common meaning ofcritter is "a living creature,” whether wild or domestic; it also can mean "a child" when used as a term of sympathetic endearment,or it can mean "an unfortunate person.”In old-fashioned regional speech,critter and beast denoted a large domestic animal. The more restricted senses "a cow,” "a horse,” or "a mule" are still characteristic of the speech in specific regions of the United States.The use ofcritter among younger speakers almost always carries with it a jocular or informal connotation. Critter 是 creature 这一词的发音拼法， 实际上反映了一种莎士比亚极其通晓的发音法：16和17世纪的英语中还没有开始用现代英语中的(ch)音来发-ture 这一后缀的音。 这一古发音法仍存在于地区性美语critter 中， 而且在爱尔兰语中creature (kra'tur)的发音和用法与地区性美语相同。 critter 这一词的最通用的意思是“生物”，无论是野生的还是家养的； 作为昵称时，它可以作“小孩”解释；它还可以指“一个不幸运的人”。在老式的地区性语言中，critter 和 beast 意指大型的家畜。 它的更狭窄的含义“牛”、“马”或“驴”则仍然是美国某些特定地区的方言中的特有含义。年轻人对于critter 的用法则几乎总认为是带有恢谐或非正式的含义 〔familiar〕Having fair knowledge; acquainted:熟知的；通晓的：〔familiarity〕The quality or condition of being familiar.熟悉，通晓：熟悉的特点或状态〔monoglot〕Knowing only one language; monolingual.通晓一种语言的；单语的〔knowing〕Possessing knowledge, information, or understanding.See Synonyms at intelligent 通晓的，有见识的：掌握知识或信息的，有理解力的 参见 intelligent〔multilingual〕Using or having the ability to use several languages:通晓几种语言的：能使用几种语言的：〔monolingual〕Using or knowing only one language.单语的：只使用或通晓一种语言的〔multilingual〕a multilingual translator.一位通晓多种语言的翻译者〔technician〕An expert in a technique, as:技术员：通晓一门技术的专家，如〔know〕To perceive directly; grasp in the mind with clarity or certainty.通晓，领悟：直接地理解；在心中清晰或明确地掌握〔versed〕Acquainted through study or experience; knowledgeable or skilled:通晓的，精通的：通过学习或者经验而熟练的；博学的或者熟练的：〔linguist〕A person who speaks several languages fluently.通晓数国语言的人：一个能流利地讲好几种语言的人〔monoglot〕A person who knows only one language.只通晓一种语言的人〔understand〕To know thoroughly by close contact or long experience with:熟知，通晓：通过密切接触或长期体验完全知道：〔technician〕One who is known for skill in an intellectual or artistic technique.技巧家：因通晓智力或艺术技能而闻名的人 |
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