| 单词 | 通货膨胀 |
| 释义 | 〔tool〕"Modern democracies have the fiscal and monetary tools . . . to end chronic slumps and galloping inflations"(Paul A. Samuelson)“现代社会拥有结束周期性停滞和恶性通货膨胀的财政和金融手段”(保罗A.塞缪尔森)〔opinion〕The economist gave us her feelings on the causes of inflation. Abelief is a conclusion, not necessarily derived firsthand, to which one subscribes strongly: 这位经济学家告诉了我们她关于引起通货膨胀的观点。 Blief 是一种观点，不一定是人们极力相信的第一个观点： 〔inflationary〕inflationary prices; inflationary policies.暴涨的价格；导致通货膨胀的政策〔heat〕"If inflation heats up, interest rates could increase"(Christian Science Monitor)“如果通货膨胀加剧则利率可能会提高”(基督教科学箴言报)〔outgrowth〕Inflation is an outgrowth of war.通货膨胀是战争带来的后果〔inflationary〕Of, associated with, or tending to cause inflation:通货膨胀的：通货膨胀的，与通货膨胀有关系的或倾向于导致通货膨胀的：〔Schacht〕German banker. As director of the national bank (1923-1930 and 1933-1939) he stabilized the currency and curtailed the inflation that had plagued Germany since World War I.沙赫特，（贺拉斯·格里利）雅尔玛：(1877-1970) 德国银行家，作为国家银行(1923-1930及1933-1939年）的总裁，他稳定了货币并控制住了自第一次世界大战以来困扰德国的通货膨胀〔Heath〕British politician who as prime minister (1970-1974) secured his country's entry into the Common Market (1972) and sought to offset high inflation by controlling wages, which led to a crippling miner's strike (1973-1974).奚斯，爱德华·理查德·乔治：(生于 1916) 英国政治家，在担任首相期间(1970-1974年）使英国加入了共同市场(1972年）并通过工资管制以排除高通货膨胀，从而导致了一场削弱经济的矿工罢工(1973-1974年）〔shinplaster〕A piece of paper money issued privately and devalued by inadequate security or by inflation.贬值纸币：一种私自下发行纸币，由于安全性不高或者由于出现通货膨胀而贬值〔depress〕feared that rising inflation would further depress the economy.担心不断上升的通货膨胀会进一步削弱经济〔nominal〕Of, relating to, or being the rate of interest or return without adjustment for compounding or inflation.单纯利率的：属于、关于，或是末经复利计算或扣除通货膨胀因素的利率或偿还的〔inflationist〕An advocate of the policy of deliberate inflation achieved by increasing the supply of available currency and credit.通货膨胀支持者：支持通货膨胀政策的人，即主张有意增加可利用的货币量和信用量〔affect〕Inflation affects the buying power of the dollar.通货膨胀影响美元的购买能力〔antidote〕an antidote against inflation. 反通货膨胀的手段 〔inflate〕To cause (a currency or an economy) to undergo inflation.使通货膨胀：导致（一种货币或经济）进入通货膨胀〔hedge〕a hedge against inflation.防止通货膨胀的措施〔supposed〕the supposed cause of inflation;通货膨胀的假定原因；〔benchmark〕"Inflation . . . is a great distorter of seemingly fixed economic ideas and benchmarks"(Benjamin M. Friedman)See Synonyms at standard “通货膨胀…是看来稳定的经济观念和基准的严重误解”(本杰明M.弗里德曼) 参见 standard〔work〕inflationary forces at work in the economy.在经济领域中通货膨胀的作用〔Muldoon〕New Zealand politician and prime minister (1975-1984) who enacted economic reforms to counteract the nation's high inflation, unemployment, and national debt.马尔登，罗伯特·戴维：(生于 1921) 新西兰政治家和总理(1975-1984年），他采取经济改革措施来降低国内高通货膨胀、高失业率和国家外债〔bond〕"What bonded[the two men] —who spoke rarely and have little personal rapport—was patience and a conviction that uncontrolled inflation endangers . . . society" (Robert J. Samuelson)“［那两人］ ——他们很少交谈，个性也不合——而将这两个结合在一起的原因是耐心和共同的信念，即无法控制的通货膨胀威胁着…社会” (罗伯特J.塞缪尔森)〔flush〕"The weakness in demand and productivity will at least . . . flush out some of the inflation premium that has been built into interest rates"(Fortune)“需求和生产的疲软至少可以…冲刷掉一部分固定的利率中用以缓解通货膨胀的费用”(财富)〔Major〕British banker and conservative politician who served as prime minister from 1990 to 1997. During his administration he advocated privatization, anti-inflationary budget discipline, and negotiations for peace in Northern Ireland.梅杰，约翰，雷：英国银行家与保守政治家，1990年至1997年任首相。在其执政期间，提倡私有化、反对通货膨胀的预算纪律，以及在北爱尔兰的和平谈判〔shrivel〕My enthusiasm shriveled as the project wore on. Inflation shriveled the buying power of the dollar.随着计划的进行我的热情消减了通货膨胀消弱了美元的购买力〔monetarism〕A theory holding that economic variations within a given system, such as changing rates of inflation, are most often caused by increases or decreases in the money supply.货币主义：一种认为在某一特定系统内的经济变动，如通货膨胀的利率变动，主要是由货币供应量的增减引起的理论〔line〕brought the front wheels into line; a wage agreement in line with current inflation.使前轮成同向行驶；和先行通货膨胀相配合的工资协议〔disinflation〕Downward movement of inflated prices to a more normal level.反通货膨胀，通货紧缩：高涨的价格向更正常的水平回落〔cushion〕extra funds serving as a cushion against future inflation.作为抵制未来通货膨胀而进行缓冲的额外资金〔runaway〕a runaway car; runaway inflation.失控的汽车；恶性通货膨胀〔plague〕"Runaway inflation further plagued the wage- or salary-earner"(Edwin O. Reischauer)“失控的通货膨胀加深了工薪阶层的痛苦”(埃德温O.赖肖尔)〔Thatcher〕British Conservative politician who served as prime minister (1979-1990). Her administration was marked by anti-inflationary measures, a brief war in the Falkland Islands (1982), and the passage of a poll tax.撒切尔，玛格丽特·希尔达：(生于 1925) 曾任英国首相的保守党政治家(1979-1990年）。她执政以反通货膨胀措施，福克兰岛短战(1982年）和通过人丁税为特征〔forecast〕price increases that forecast inflation.物价上涨预示着通货膨胀〔nairu〕The lowest unemployment rate that an economy can accommodate without causing inflation.通货膨胀的失业率：一个经济体可以不导致通货膨胀而适应的最低失业率〔contemporary〕A rise in interest rates is often contemporaneous with an increase in inflation. Onlycontemporary has the sense "modern" or "present-day": 利率的提高常常与通货膨胀的增长同时出现。 只有contemporary 有“现代的”或“当前的”之意： 〔inflation〕A persistent increase in the level of consumer prices or a persistent decline in the purchasing power of money, caused by an increase in available currency and credit beyond the proportion of available goods and services.通货膨胀：由于市场上通货和信用货币增到超过市场所提供的商品和服务而导致的消费品价格水平的持续上涨和货币购买力的持续下跌〔conundrum〕"the conundrum, thus far unanswered, of achieving full employment without inflation"(Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr.)“如何既不引起通货膨胀又能实现全民就业这个尚未解决的难题”(小阿瑟M.施莱辛格)〔economy〕Effects of inflation were felt at every level of the economy.通货膨胀影响到每一经济阶层 |
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