单词 | 酒醉 |
释义 | 〔trashed〕Expressions for intoxication are among those that best showcase the creativity of slang. The boundless inventiveness in expressing the ordinary in not-so-ordinary ways led Walt Whitman to describe slang as"an attempt of common humanity to escape from bald literalism, and express itself illimitably.” Colloquial and slang expressions meaning "intoxicated" can fill several pages in slang thesauruses. Most fall into a few general groups. Common are expressions that originally meant "damaged, badly affected by something,” such as trashed, smashed, crocked, blitzed, hammered, wasted, messed up, and blasted. Cooking terms are also common, such as baked, fried, and boiled (said to have been coined at Princeton University in the 1920s). Terms relating to liquids or being filled are a natural source of metaphors for filling oneself up with drink or drugs: sloshed, oiled, tanked, and loaded are but a few. Some terms are not easily classified or have origins that are not fully clear, such as tight (first appearing in the 1830s), plastered (first appearing around 1912), blotto (perhaps from blot, first appearing in 1917), and stoned (apparently taken from such expressions as stone-drunk, stone-cold, and first appearing as stone in 1945). Most current terms for "intoxicated" are not very old, as one expects of slang terms generally; of those in the lists above, blotto, crocked, fried, loaded, plastered, tanked, tight, and oiled are recorded in the first half of the 20th century, and of these only tight and oiled are known to have existed before then. 表示喝醉的词语充分体现了俚语的创造性。用非同寻常的方式创造极为寻常的俚语,其间蕴藏了无限创造空间,华尔特·惠特曼将俚语描述为“让平常心从文字束缚中逃离,并随性表达出来” 。表示“喝醉的,酒醉的”的口语以及俚语的表达方式,可以填满俚语同义词的数页空间。大多数俚语可归入几个分类。许多常见俚语的原意为“被破坏的,受某物负面影响”,如 trashed、smashed、crocked、blitzed、hammered、wasted、messed up 以及 blasted 。烹饪词汇也很普遍,如 baked、fried 和 boiled (据说由普林斯顿大学于20世纪20年代创造)。与液体或注入有关的词语是隐喻表示过多饮酒或吸毒而形成的自然来源: sloshed、oiled、tanked 和 loaded 只是其中少数例子。有些词语不易界定其类别或其原意较不清楚,如 tight (首次出现于19世纪30年代)、 plastered (首次出现于1912年)、 blotto (可能源自 blot ,首次出现于1917年)以及 stoned (显然来自词语 stone-drunk和stone-cold ,并于1945年首次以 stone 的形式出现)。正如大家对俚语的普遍看法,大多数表示“喝醉的,酒醉的”的现行词语都较新;在如上所列词汇中, blotto、crocked、fried、loaded、plastered、tanked、tight 和 oiled 首次见载于19世纪中叶,只有 tight 和 oiled 是所知早于那个时期 〔wrecked〕Drunk or intoxicated.喝醉的,酒醉的〔blitzed〕Drunk or intoxicated.喝醉的,酒醉的〔boiled〕Intoxicated; drunk.酒醉的;喝醉的〔delirium〕A temporary state of mental confusion and clouded consciousness resulting from high fever, intoxication, shock, or other causes. It is characterized by anxiety, disorientation, hallucinations, delusions, trembling, and incoherent speech.谵妄:一种暂时精神混乱和神志不清的状态,由高烧、酒醉、休克、震惊或其它原因导致。其症状是: 焦虑、迷失方向、发生幻觉、妄想、颤抖和说胡话〔drunk〕Caused or influenced by intoxication.酒醉引起的,受酒醉影响的〔gassed〕Drunk or intoxicated.喝醉的,酒醉的〔trashed〕Drunk or intoxicated.喝醉的,酒醉的〔Bacchanalia〕bacchanalia A riotous, boisterous, or drunken festivity; a revel. bacchanalia 闹酒狂欢:狂欢的、喧闹的或酒醉的节日;狂欢〔amethyst〕*methustos [intoxicated] from methuskein [to intoxicate] from methuein [to be drunk (from the belief that it was a remedy for drunkenness)] from methu [wine] * see medhu- *methustos [陶醉于] 源自 methuskein [使…陶醉] 源自 methuein [喝醉的(来自相信此石可治疗酒醉)] 源自 methu [酒] * 参见 medhu- 〔Bacchic〕bacchic Drunken and carousing; bacchanalian. bacchic 狂幻的:酒醉的和狂欢的;狂饮欢闹的〔whacked〕Drunk or intoxicated.喝醉的,酒醉的〔sheet〕Intoxicated; drunk.有点醉的:中毒的;酒醉的〔bacchanal〕A drunken or riotous celebration.狂欢的宴会:酒醉的或狂欢的庆祝会〔sozzled〕Drunk; intoxicated.喝醉的,酒醉的 |
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