| 单词 | 里奇 |
| 释义 | 〔Walesa〕Polish labor leader. He won the 1983 Nobel Peace Prize for his leadership of the independent trade union Solidarity. In 1990 he was elected president of Poland.瓦文萨，里奇：(生于 1943) 波兰劳工领袖。以其对波兰独立自治团结工会的领导，获1983年诺贝尔和平奖。1990年，他当选为波兰总统〔Ridgefield〕A town of southwest Connecticut near the New York border north-northeast of Stamford. It is mainly residential. Population, 20,919.里奇菲尔德：美国康涅狄格西南一城市，位于斯坦福德东北偏北、纽约边界附近。它是一个主要的居住区。人口20,919〔Bach〕German composer and organist of the late baroque period. Among the greatest composers in history, he wrote more than 200 cantatas, theSaint Matthew Passion (1729), the Mass in B minor (1733-1738), orchestral works such as the the six Brandenburg Concertos, and numerous works for organ, harpsichord, other solo instruments, and chamber ensembles. Four of his children became noted musicians: Wilhelm Friedemann Bach (1710-1784); Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach (1714-1788), an important figure in the development of the symphony; Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach (1732-1795); and Johann Christian Bach (1735-1782). 巴赫，约翰·塞巴斯蒂安：(1685-1750) 巴洛克时代晚期的德国作曲家和管风琴家。是历史上最伟大的作曲家之一。他写了200多首大清唱剧《马太受难曲》 （1729年），B小调弥撒曲（1733-1738年），管弦乐作品如六首 《勃兰登堡协奏曲》 和大量管风琴、拨弦古钢琴以及其它独奏乐器作品。他的四个孩子也成了著名的音乐家： 韦尔海姆·弗莱德曼·巴赫 （1710-1784年）； 卡尔·菲利浦·伊曼纽·巴赫 （1714-1788年），交响乐发展中的重要人物； 约翰·克里斯朵夫·弗雷德里奇·巴赫 （1732-1795年）；以及 约翰·克里斯蒂安·巴赫 （1735-1782年） 〔Aldrich〕American writer and editor best known for his editorship of theAtlantic Monthly (1881-1890) and his novel The Story of a Bad Boy (1870). 奥尔德里奇，托马斯·贝雷：(1836-1907) 美国作家和编辑，以其主编的《大西洋月刊》 （1881-1890年）和其所作小说 《顽童纪事》 而著名 〔Brackenridge〕Scottish-born American writer whose works of fiction, such asModern Chivalry (1792-1805, revised 1815), were among the first to incorporate American subject matter. 布拉肯里奇，休·亨利：(1748-1816) 苏格兰裔美籍作家，其虚构作品，如《现代骑士团》 （1792-1805，1815年修订），是首批讨论美国问题的作品之一 〔ambiguous〕"The theatrical status of her frequently derided but constantly revived plays remained ambiguous"(Frank Rich)“她那屡次被嘲弄而又不断重演的戏剧，在戏剧界中的地位尚难以确定”(弗兰克·里奇)〔meager〕"The report that first reached us through the newspapers was meager and contradictory" (Thomas B. Aldrich).“最初通过报纸传到我们这里的报道既不全面又互相矛盾”。 （托马斯B. 奥尔德里奇）.〔myriad〕Throughout most of its history in Englishmyriad was used as a noun, as ina myriad of men. In the 19th centuryit began to be used as an adjective,as inmyriad men; this usage became so well entrenchedthat many people came to consider it as the only correct possibility.In fact, both uses have not only ample precedent in English but also etymological justification from Greek,in as much as the Greek wordmurias from which myriad derives could be used as either a noun or an adjective.Both uses may be considered equally acceptable,as in Samuel Taylor Coleridge's"Myriad myriads of lives.” 在英语中，myriad 的大部分历史一直被用作名词， 如在数以万计的男子 。 在19世纪，它开始被用作形容词，如在myriad men 中， 这种用法很快就被人们认可了，而且还认为它是唯一的正确用法。事实上，这两种用法不仅在英语中而且在希腊语的语源纠正中都有许多先例，因为源于myriad 的希腊语单词 munias ， 既可用作名词也可用作形容词。两种用法同样被接受，如塞缪尔·泰勒尔里奇的"Myriad myriad of lives" 〔trivialize〕"one of the deep perceptions of a feminism which looks with fresh eyes on all that has been trivialized, devalued, forbidden, or silenced"(Adrienne Rich)“用一种新鲜的眼光打量那些被平凡化的，被贬值的、被禁止的或被噤声的东西的女权主义的深刻的体会之一”(爱德利安·里奇)〔dialogue〕In recent yearsthe verb sense ofdialogue meaning "to engage in an informal exchange of views" has been revived, particularly with reference to communication between parties in institutional or political contexts.Although Shakespeare, Coleridge, and Carlyle used it,this usage today is widely regarded as jargon or bureaucratese.For example, 98 percent of the Usage Panel rejects the sentence 近些年来，dialogue 的“进行非正式的意见交换”的动词含意已经被修改了， 特别在指关于机构或政治方面党派之间的交往时。尽管莎士比亚，科尔里奇，卡莱尔用过它，但是今天这种用法普通被认为难懂或者是一种官腔。例如：百分之九十八的用法专题使用小组的成员拒绝这种句子 〔bubblehead〕"He presents antiwar protesters . . . as bubbleheads who didn't even know where Southeast Asia was"(Frank Rich)“他把对反战持异议的人…看成是连东南亚都不知道在何处的笨蛋”(弗兰克·里奇)〔spatchcock〕"Some excerpts from a Renaissance mass are spatchcocked into Gluck's pallid Don Juan music"(Alan Rich)“一些文艺复光时期的弥撒的选节被不适当地加入到了格鲁克平淡无味的唐璜音乐中”(艾伦·里奇)〔chiasmus〕"Each throat/Was parched, and glazed each eye"(Samuel Taylor Coleridge)“每个人都嗓子冒烟、目光呆滞”(塞缪尔·泰勒·科尔里奇)〔Vidal〕American writer noted for his cynical humor and his numerous accounts of society in decline. His works include the novelMyra Breckinridge (1968) and the play The Best Man (1960). 韦多，戈尔：(生于 1925) 美国作家，以其讽刺性的幽默和他无数的对社会衰落的描写而著名，他的作品有小说《玛丽亚·布雷肯里奇》 （1968年）和戏剧 《最好的男人》 （1960年） 〔Chambly〕A city of southern Quebec, Canada, on the Richelieu River east of Montreal. Its fort, built by the French in 1665, was captured by the British in 1760 and held briefly by the Americans during the Revolutionary War. Population, 12,190.钱布雷市：加拿大魁北克省南部一城市，位于蒙特利尔以东的里奇路河畔。法国人于1665年在此建的要塞于1760年被英国人攻占，在革命战争中又被美国人短期占据。人口12,190〔Taft〕The 27th President of the United States (1909-1913), whose term was marked by antitrust activity and passage of the Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act (1909). He later served as the chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1921-1930).塔夫脱，威廉·霍华德：(1857-1930) 美国第二十七届总统(1909年—1913年），在其任期内展开了反信贷的活动并通过了佩恩－阿尔德里奇关税法案(1909年）。后来他担任了美国最高法院的首席大法官(1921-1930年）〔Breckinridge〕Vice President of the United States (1857-1861) under James Buchanan. In 1860 Breckinridge ran as the proslavery candidate for the presidency and was defeated by Abraham Lincoln.布雷肯里奇，约翰·卡贝尔：(1821-1875) 美国副总统(1857-1861年），是詹姆斯·布坎南总统的副座。1860年曾作为亲奴隶制的总统候选人，被亚伯拉罕·林肯击败〔Marx〕German philosopher, economist, and revolutionary. With the help and support of Friedrich Engels he wroteThe Communist Manifesto (1848) and Das Kapital (1867-1894). These works explain historical development in terms of the interaction of contradictory economic forces, form the basis of all communist theory, and have had a profound influence on the social sciences. 马克思，卡尔：(1818-1883) 德国哲学家、经济学家、革命者。在弗雷德里奇·恩格斯的支持和帮助下，完成著作《共产党宣言》 （1848年）和 《资本论》 （1867-1894年）。这些著作从对立的经济力量相互作用、相互影响的角度阐述了历史的进步与发展，成为社会主义的理论基础，在社会科学的许多方面产生深远的影响 〔stiff〕"under the dictates of a rigid disciplinarian" (Thomas B. Aldrich). “在一个严厉的厉行纪律者的独裁下” （汤姆斯·B·阿尔德里奇）。 〔Richfield〕A city of southeast Minnesota, a residential suburb of Minneapolis. Population, 35,710.里奇菲尔德：明尼苏达州东南部的一城市，明尼阿波利斯的近郊住宅区。人口35,710〔Aldridge〕American-born actor whose tragic leading roles, most notably inOthello, were acclaimed in Europe. 奥尔德里奇，伊拉·弗雷德里克：(1804?-1867) 在悲剧中扮演主角的美裔演员，其在《奥赛罗》 中引人注目的表演在欧洲得到了广泛的赞誉 〔memory〕"My earliest memories were connected with the South" (Thomas B. Aldrich).“我最早的记忆是与南方联系在一起的” （托马斯B·艾尔里奇）。〔darling〕"Metaphysics and poetry . . . are my darling studies"(Samuel Taylor Coleridge)“玄学和诗歌是我衷爱的学科”(塞缪尔·泰勒·科尔里奇)〔Schlegel〕German scholar who wrote influential criticism, translated several Shakespearean works, and composed poetry. He also edited a literary magazine with his brotherFriedrich (1772-1829), a philosopher, poet, and critic whose essays formed the intellectual basis of German romanticism. 席雷格尔，奥古斯特·威廉·冯：(1767-1845) 德国学者，著有具有影响性的评论文章，翻译过数部莎士比亚的作品，并作有诗歌。他还与他兄弟弗里德里奇 (1772-1829年）共同编辑一本文学杂志。弗里德里奇是一位哲学家、诗人和批评家，其文章构成了德国浪漫主义的唯智论基础 〔Ridgecrest〕A city of south-central California east-northeast of Bakersfield. Population, 27,725.里奇克莱斯特：美国加利福尼亚中南部一城市，位于贝克斯菲尔德东北偏东。人口27,725〔infinitude〕“[His designs contain] an infinitude of forest shadings for the scenes with animals" (Alan Rich)“他的设计包括 以巨大的树林为背景，并配上动物的画面” (艾伦·里奇)〔sarcastic〕"The caustic jokes . . . deal with such diverse matters as political assassination, talk-show hosts, medical ethics" (Frank Rich).“这些尖刻的笑话…能够应付象政治谋杀、现场采访、医学道德等各种不同的情形” （弗兰克·里奇）。 |
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