| 单词 | 野蛮 |
| 释义 | 〔troglodyte〕A person considered to be reclusive, reactionary, out of date, or brutish.稳居者，遁世者：被认为是离群索居、反动的，过时的或野蛮的人〔grim〕Ferocious; savage:野蛮的；残忍的：〔grim〕the grim advance of the pillaging army.一支掠夺性部队的野蛮行径〔Gothicism〕A barbarous or crude manner or style.野蛮，粗野：野蛮的或粗野的风格或方式〔ogre〕A person who is felt to be particularly cruel, brutish, or hideous.可怕的人，残酷的人：让人感到特别残忍、野蛮或可怕的人〔hubbub〕It has often been remarked that the Celtic inhabitants of Great Britain contributed very little to the stock of English words.Perhaps this should not be too surprising, given the difficult relations over the centuries between the people of Germanic stock and the people of Celtic stock in England and Ireland.It seems likely that a certain English contempt resides in the adoption of the wordhubbub from a Celtic source, which is probably related toub ub ubub, a Scots Gaelic interjection expressing contempt,or toabu, an ancient Irish war cry. In any case,hubbub was first recorded (1555) in the phrase Irish hubbub and meant "the confused shouting of a crowd.”In addition to the senses it has developed,hubbub was again used, possibly in a nonflattering way, by the New England colonists as a term for a rambunctious game played by Native Americans. 人们常说，居住在大不列颠的盖尔人对英语词汇没有多大贡献。如果考虑到几个世纪以来居住在英格兰与爱尔兰的日尔曼人与盖尔人之间的关系，那么这个情况就不足为奇了。英格兰人采用来自盖尔语的hubbub 这个词时，很可能是带有轻蔑之意的， 此词与ub ub ubub 有关， 是苏格兰盖尔语中用来表示轻蔑之意的感叹词；或者与古代爱尔兰语中的呐喊abus 有关。 无论怎样，hubbub 一词最早见于词组 Irish hubbub (1555年）中， 意为“人群发出的混乱吵闹声”。除了它本身就有的意思外，hubbub 一词又被新英格兰的殖民者用来指印第安人的一种野蛮的游戏，但这一用法可能不讨人喜欢 〔savagery〕Savage behavior or nature; barbarity.兽性：野蛮的行为或本质；未开化〔coarse〕Gross suggests a lack of refinement verging on brutishness: Gross 暗示缺乏文雅，近于野蛮： 〔bloodbath〕Savage, indiscriminate killing; a massacre.血洗：野蛮的、不加区别的杀戳；大屠杀〔slaughter〕To kill in a violent or brutal manner.残杀：以凶狠的、野蛮的方式杀死〔relic〕"Corporal punishment was a relic of barbarism"(Cyril Connolly)“体罚是野蛮的文化的遗风遗俗”(西里尔·康诺利)〔brutality〕The state or quality of being ruthless, cruel, harsh, or unrelenting.野蛮，残忍，严酷或无情〔brute〕"None of the brute creation requires more than food and shelter"(Henry David Thoreau)“所有野蛮的动物需要的只是食物和栖息所而已”(亨利·戴维·梭罗)〔heathenish〕Uncouth; barbarous.笨拙的；野蛮的〔shove〕To push rudely or roughly.See Synonyms at push 猛力推开：野蛮地或猛烈地推 参见 push〔fierce〕Savage or threatening in appearance.野蛮的：长相凶恶的或面目狰狞的〔Hoosier〕As the fame of Indiana basketball grows ever greater,perhaps a larger number of people have become curious about the origins of the wordHoosier, the nickname for a native or resident of Indiana. As more than one of the curious has discovered,the origins are rather opaque.The most likely possibility is thatHoosier is an alteration of hoozer, an English dialect word recorded in Cumberland,a former county of northwest England, in the late 19th century and used to refer to anything unusually large.The transition betweenhoozer and Hoosier is not clear. The first recorded instance ofHoosier meaning "Indiana resident" is dated 1826; however, it seems possible that senses of the word recorded later in theDictionary of Americanisms, including "a big, burly, uncouth specimen or individual; a frontiersman, countryman, rustic,”reflect the kind of use this word had before it settled down in Indiana.随着印第安纳州篮球的名声越来越响，也许很多人对Hoosier， 印第安纳州人或定居者的别称这个词的来源感到好奇。 正如若干好奇者所发现的那样，其来源非常隐晦。最大的可能性是Hoosier 是 hoozer 的变体， 这是记录于坎伯兰的英格兰方言，19世纪后期英格兰西北部以前的一个郡，用来指特别巨大的东西。Hoozer 和 Hoosier 之间的过渡并不清楚。 意思是“印第安那州居住者”的Hoosier 的首次记载是在1826年； 但是可能该词的解释后来收录于美国俗语词典 中， 包括“一个庞大的、粗壮的、野蛮的种类或个体；拓荒者，乡巴佬，庄稼人，”可能反映了它在落户印第安那之前所有的用法〔wildebeest〕Dutch wild [wild] from Middle Dutch wilt 荷兰语 wild [野蛮的] 源自 中古荷兰语 wilt 〔ogress〕A woman who is felt to be particularly cruel, brutish, or hideous.残忍的女人：让人感到特别凶残、野蛮或可怕的女人〔Gothic〕gothic Barbarous; crude. gothic 粗野的；野蛮的〔Attila〕King of the Huns (433?-453) and the most successful of the barbarian invaders of the Roman Empire.阿提拉：匈奴帝国国王（433?-453年），最成功入侵罗马帝国的野蛮入侵者〔run〕runs with a wild crowd.与一群野蛮的人为伴〔Marseilles〕A city of southeast France on an arm of the Mediterranean Sea west-northwest of Toulon. The oldest city of France, it was founded c. 600b.c. by Greeks from Asia Minor and overrun by barbarian tribes in the 5th and 6th centuries a.d. Marseilles became independent in the 13th century and passed to France in 1481. Today it is an industrial center and a major seaport. Population, 874,436. 马赛：法国东南部一城市，位于土伦西北偏西的地中海一海湾上。公元前 600年由来自小亚细亚半岛的希腊人建立，是法国最古老的城市。 公元 5世纪和6世纪由野蛮部落统治。13世纪马赛独立并于1481年交由法国统治。现为工业中心和主要港口。人口874,436 〔savage〕Not civilized; barbaric:原始的：未开化的；野蛮的：〔Hun〕Often hun A barbarous or destructive person. 常作 hun 野蛮人：一个野蛮或具破坏性的人〔rhubarb〕Latin barbarum [neuter of] barbarus [barbarian, foreign] * see barbarous 拉丁语 barbarum barbarus的中性 [野蛮的，异族的] * 参见 barbarous〔Verona〕A city of northern Italy on the Adige River west of Venice. The original settlement on the site was conquered by Rome in 89b.c. and later fell to barbarian invaders. Verona became an independent republic in a.d. 1107 and formed the powerful Veronese League in 1164. It became part of Italy in 1866. Population, 261,208. 维罗纳：意大利北部的一个城市，位于威尼斯以西阿迪杰河畔。该地址原先的定居地在公元前 89年被罗马征服，后来又沦陷入野蛮的入侵者手中。维罗纳在 公元 1107年成为一个独立的共和国并于1164年形成强大的佛罗纳联盟。它在1866年成为意大利的一部分。人口261,208 〔barbarity〕Savage brutality or cruelty in actions or conduct.野蛮，残暴；丧失人性：野蛮残暴的举止行为〔wilderness〕Deer comes from the Old English word dēor, meaning "beast.” Clearly the word has narrowed in meaning and lost its general sense.But another word in English,wilderness, may point to this general sense of Old English dēor. The etymology ofwilderness is variously given, but one etymology traces the-der- of wilderness back to dēor and wild- back to Old English wilde, "wild.” Der- may thus carry on dēor in its general sense, reminding us that wild beasts might be the only inhabitants of a wilderness.Wilderness, though it may have existed in Old English, is first found in 13th-century Middle English.Deer 来自于古英语中意为“野兽”的一词 deor 。 很明显这个词的词义缩小了，失去了它较笼统的意义。但英语中的另一个词wilderness, 大概会指出古英语中 deor 的笼统意义。 wilderness 的词源很多， 但一种说法顺着wilderness 中的 -der- 找到 deor ，顺着 wild- 中找到古英语中的 wilde “野蛮的”。 Der- 大概因此具有笼统意义上的 deor 的意义， 提醒我们野兽大概是荒野处的唯一居民。Wilderness 尽管在古英语中已存在， 但是在13世纪中世纪英语中首次出现的〔maniac〕A person who acts in a wildly irresponsible way:狂人：某个行为野蛮不负责任的人：〔beast〕A brutal, contemptible person.野蛮、卑鄙的人〔barbarity〕A cruel or savage act.暴行：野蛮、残暴行为〔bestiality〕Conduct or an action marked by depravity or brutality.兽行：表现为野蛮或残忍的行为或举止〔brutish〕Rough; uncivilized:野蛮的；未开化的：〔berserker〕One of a band of ancient Norse warriors legendary for their savagery and reckless frenzy in battle.狂暴战士，暴汉：一群古斯堪的纳维亚斗士，传说他们在战斗中野蛮且异常狂暴〔vicious〕Marked by an aggressive disposition; savage. Used chiefly of animals.凶猛的：以侵略性为特点的；野蛮的。主要用于动物〔Hunnish〕Often hunnish Barbarous; destructive. 常作 hunnish 野蛮的；破坏性的〔barbarize〕To make or become crude, savage, or barbarous.使粗俗，使野蛮：使或变得无知的、野蛮的或没有教养的〔brutal〕Extremely ruthless or cruel.See Synonyms at brute 野蛮的：极其野蛮的，残忍的 参见 brute〔civilize〕To raise from barbarism to an enlightened stage of development; bring out of a primitive or savage state.使文明：使…从野蛮到一个开化的发展阶段；把…带出原始社会阶段或奴隶社会阶段 |
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