| 单词 | 金融时报 |
| 释义 | 〔airspace〕"Mobile radio has to compete for air space with other services such as broadcast radio, television, and even military services"(Financial Times)“移动电台必须和其它电台，如广播电台、电视台、甚至军用电台来竞争播音空间”(金融时报)〔intrapreneur〕The wordentrepreneur is more than 150 years old, having come into English from French in 1828.But it is not until very recently that we find its intracorporate counterpart,intrapreneur, meaning "a person within a large corporation who takes direct responsibility for turning an idea into a profitable finished product through assertive risk-taking and innovation.”This coinage is generally attributed to management consultant Gifford Pinchot,author of the 1985 book entitledIntrapreneuring; others insist its true originator was Norman Macrae, deputy editor of theEconomist, although Macrae himself denies it.Still, whatever its exact source,in the scant number of years since its inception the termintrapreneur has gained currency very quickly. It has also given rise to various derivatives,such as the aforementioned gerundintrapreneuring, the noun intrapreneurship (as in a September 30, 1985, interview with Stephen Jobs inNewsweek : "The Macintosh team was what is commonly known as intrapreneurship—only a few years before the term was coined—a group of people going in essence back to the garage, but in a large company"),the adjectiveintrapreneurial, and another noun, intrapreneurialism ("what has become known as intrapreneurialism, where people within the corporation acquire more adventurous small business outlooks,” by Ian Hamilton-Fazy in "An Uneasy Co-existence,”Financial Times, October 23, 1984). Broad use of a word and the development of numerous derivatives are strong signals predicting staying power within the language.Intrapreneur and its spinoffs are of particular interest to etymologists and lexicographers because they illustrate the constant changes inherent in a living language.entrepreneur 一词已有150多年的历史， 于1828年从法语传入英语。但是直到最近我们才发现其在公司内部的对应人物intrapreneur ， 意为“对通过果断地承担风险和革新使想法变为有利可图的成品这一过程承担直接责任的大公司里的高级成员”。这个新造的词普遍认为应归功于业务顾问吉福德·平肖，1985年出版的名为Intrapreneuring 一书的作者； 其他人坚持其真正的发明者是经济学家 杂志的副编辑诺曼·麦克里， 虽然麦克里本人否认这一点。然而，不管其准确的起源是什么，自它开始出现以来的短短几年中，intrapreneur 一词已很快流行开来。 它同样产生了多个衍生词，例如前面提到的动名词intrapreneuring ，名词 intrapreneurship （例如新闻周刊 于1985年9月30日斯蒂芬·乔布斯的采访中： “马金托什队通常地以出色的企业运作而闻名——仅仅是这个词条被发明的几年前——一群实质上是回到汽车房的人，而现在不过是大公司的汽车房罢了”），形容词intraprenurial 以及另一个名词 intrapreneurialim （以企业运作主义出名的地方，在那儿公司内部的职员获得更为冒险的商业前景”，伊恩·汉密尔顿一费茨的“不稳定的共存”，金融时报 1984年10月23日出版）。 一个词的广泛运用以及无数派生词的产生是预示语言内部持久力的强烈的信号。词源学家以及词典编纂者对intrpreneur 以及它的派生词产生了独特的兴趣， 因为它们说明现用语言所固有的持续不断的变化〔aggro〕"The Commons met in apprehensive mood yesterday following the ructions in the Chamber last week. Were we in for more aggro or were the lads on the Westminster terraces going to return to more civilized conduct?”(Financial Times)“在上周议院发生的骚乱后，下院昨天怀着忧虑的心情召开了会议。我们是赞成有更多的骚乱，还是希望在威斯敏斯特地区的年轻人恢复更文明的行为呢?”(金融时报)〔buckshee〕"The title was a bit of buckshee deceit, and had little to do with the plot"(Financial Times)“这个题目有点多余，与情节几乎毫无关系”(金融时报)〔apocalyptic〕"now speaks in apocalyptic terms about the probable conflict ahead"(Financial Times)“现在以预示灾变似的话语讲着未来可能发生的冲突”(金融时报)〔ceremonious〕"borne on silvery trays by ceremonious world-weary waiters"(Financial Times)“放在彬彬有礼的厌世侍者托着的银盘上”(金融时报)〔buoy〕"the persistent . . . takeover speculation, which has buoyed up the shares of banks"(Financial Times)“由银行股份支持的长期接管计划”(金融时报)〔recoil〕"split-second dealmaking and risks that would make a currency dealer blench" (Financial Times).“使现金交易商得以逃避的瞬间的交易和风险” （《金融时报》）。〔conjuncture〕"reports on the deteriorating world conjuncture and the disappointment of earlier hopes"(Financial Times)“关于日益恶化的世界危机和预先愿望落空的报告”(金融时报) |
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